• Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.40 no.3
• /
• pp.183-192
• /
• 2002

Cells infected With equine herpesvirus type-1 (EHV-1) Produced both infectious and non-infectious Virus-related particles. Compared to the whole virion, non-infectious particles termed L-particles were deter-mined to lack 150 kDa protein, commonly known as nucleocapsid protein. The potential of L-particles to induce immune responses was studied in mice and foals. Intranasal immunization with L-particles or whole virions induced poor IgG antibody responses in mice. Interestingly, despite the poor antibody response, the conferred immunity protected the host from challenge infections. This was indicated by a significant reduction in virus titers in line with recovery towards normal body weight. Subsequently, the test on the usefulness of L-particles as immunizing agents was extended to foals. Immunization of specific-pathogen-free (SPF) foals resulted in similar results. As determined by a complement-fixing-antibody test (CFT), foals seroconverted when they were immunized either with inactivated L-particles or whole virions via intramuscular (i.m.) injections. The presence of the antibody correlated with the degree of protection. Beyond day 1 post challenge infection (p.i.), there was no virus shedding in the nasal mucus of foals immunized with whole EHV-1 virions. Virus shedding was observed in foals Immunized with L-particles but limited to days 6 to 8 p.i. only. In contrast, extended vim shedding was observed in non-immunized foals and it was well beyond day 14 p.i. Viremia was not detected for more than four days except in non-immunized foals. Immunization in mice via intranasal (i.n.) conferred good protection. However, compared to the i.n. route, a greater degree of protection was obtained in foals following immunization via i.m. route. Despite variation in the degree of protection due to different routes of immunization in the two animal species, our results have established significant evidence that immunization with L-particles confers protection in the natural host. It is suggested that non-infectious L-particles should be used as immunizing agents for vaccination of horses against EHV-1 infection.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.471-476
• /
• 2003

Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a systemic disease of ruminants caused by ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2). OvHV-2 is a gamma herpesvirus, which induces frequent latent infection and often difficult to detect its antigens and even specific nucleic acids because of its low viral copies in the infected tissues. Histopathology, serology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were compared for the diagnosis of MCF using 10 bison infected with OvHV-2. Histopathological diagnosis was performed using the criteria which was based upon the pathognomic lesions. Serological diagnosis was conducted using its serum with competitive ELISA for the detection of antibodies of OvHV-2. Also, the nest PCR was performed with peripheral blood leukocytes for the detection of OvHV-2-specific DNAs. Primers 556 and 775 were used for the primary amplification, and primers 556 and 555 were used for the secondary amplification. As the results, positive cases were 6 by histopahology, 9 by serology and 10 by PCR. As comparing with other diagnostic methods, PCR was found to be more sensitive than histopathology and serology. The recent development of molecular diagnostic assays has provided powerful tools for investigating how viruses survive in nature. Development of PCR specific for viruses has dramatically improved the accuracy of diagnosis of viruses in clinically infected animals. Furthermore, amplification of viral genomic material by nest PCR represents the most sensitive method for the detection of viruses and might be detected successfully even though very low viral DNA copies. So, it could be used as the first choice for the detection of viral DNAs with low copies such as the status of latent infection. However, it has also some limitation of application like as false negative results by PCR inhibitors and false positive results by contamination. The results of this study suggest that the use of molecular biological methods like PCR may increase the accuracy for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. However, in diagnostic laboratory, it is recommended that PCR assay must be conducted with other diagnostic methods for more reliable diagnosis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
• /
• 1993.04a
• /
• pp.112-112
• /
• 1993

바이러스 치료제 개발을 위하여 합성된 핵산유도체 11개에 대한 in vitro 항바이러스 약효검색을 수행하였다. 검색대상 바이러스로서 외피보유 DNA 바이러스인 human herpesvirus에 속하는 herpes simplex virus type 1과 type 2에 대해서는 Vero 세포체계에서 3일 후 CPE 저해정도를 MTT 검색법으로 cytomegalovirus에 대해서는 HEL 세포체계에서 7일 후 Giemsa 염색법으로 약효를 측정하였다. 외피비보유 RNA 바이러스인 picornavirus에 속하는 poliovirus type 1과 type 3과 coxsackie B virus type 3에 대한 약효를 HeLa 세포체계에서 2일 후 CPE 저해정도를 MTT 검색법으로 측정하였다. 아울러 selectivity index를 구하기 위하여 Vero와 HeLa 세포에 대한 약물자체의 독성인 cytocidal effect를 MIT 검색법으로 측정하였다. 그 결과 항 herpesvirus 약효는 어떤 물질에서도 발견되지 않았으나 한 물질이 poliovirus type 1과 3에 대하여 selectivity index 10정도 (CC$_{60}$ 38 ug/ml, EC$_{50}$ 1-4 ug/ml)를 나타내었고 자세한 기작은 좀 더 조사할 필요가 있다.

• Journal of fish pathology
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.237-245
• /
• 2011

Disease survey was conducted to investigate the cause of high mortality in 23 farms of eel, Anguilla japonica, during the period from 2000 to 2010. Seven kinds of fish pathogens were confirmed in the tested fish, which included: Pseudodactylogyrus sp. (infection rate: 65.5%, 19/29 samples), aquabirnavirus (ABV, 62.5%, 15/24 samples), Edwardsiella sp. (44%, 11/25 samples), anguillid herpesvirus 1 (AngHV1, 16.7%, 2/12 samples), Heterosporis sp. (10.3%, 3/29 samples), Vibrio sp. (8%, 2/25 samples), Trichodina sp. (3.4%, 1/29 samples). The rate of single infection was 44.8% (13/29 samples), while 62.1% (18/29 samples) showed mixed type of infection with 2 to 5 different pathogens. The most predominant mixed infection were Pseudodactylogyrus sp.-Edwardsiella sp. (10.3%, 3/29 samples), Pseudodactylogyrus sp.-ABV (10.3%, 3/29 samples), Edwardsiella sp.-ABV (6.9%, 2/29 samples). Infection by the above infectious parasites, bacteria and virus was confirmed in tested eels of juvenile to adult sizes that were cultured at $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$ in almost the examined farms.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.63 no.1
• /
• pp.4.1-4.5
• /
• 2023

The prevalence of some swine reproductive and zoonotic diseases in Colombia is unknown, making their management difficult. This study assessed the prevalence of porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3), Leptospira interrogans, pseudorabies virus, and porcine gamma-herpesvirus by polymerase chain reaction in sows in the productive stage, from farms with a history of reproductive failures, at the department of Tolima. The prevalence of PCV3 was 2.6% and 12.6% for L. interrogans, with some samples co-infected with PCV2. Owing to the coinfections with PCV2, it is necessary to establish whether the interactions between these pathogens were related to the presence of reproductive problems.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.369-374
• /
• 2011

Coital exanthema of Thoroughbred horses had occurred firstly in Republic of Korea. This study was performed to evaluate clinical features of coital exanthema, and provide veterinary knowledge to equine practitioner as well as horse farms. The method was clinical, clinical pathology and sexual hormone, electron microscope and libido examination. Five stallions of 27, 45 broodmares of 416 showed clinical symptoms but 124 foals and a teaser did not show any abnormal appearance. Five stallion had papule, pustule, crust around a glans, body of penis, prepuce and remain decolorized spot after treatment. One laceration of glans and 3 gait disorder had been observed but it did not affect libido. Forty-five broodmares localized had papule, pustule, crust, and ulceration around perineal region, vulva, mucocutaneous junction remain decolorized spot after treatment.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.4-10
• /
• 2023

Herpes zoster (HZ) is a common disease in the aging population and immunocompromised individuals, with a lifetime risk of 20%-30% that increases with age. HZ is caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which remains latent in the spinal dorsal root ganglia and cranial sensory ganglia after resolution of the primary VZV infection. The main focus of HZ management is rapid recovery from VZV infection as well as the reduction and prevention of zoster-associated pain (ZAP) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). The use of antivirals against VZV is essential in the treatment of HZ. However, limited antivirals are only licensed clinically for the treatment of HZ, including acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir, brivudine, and amenamevir. Fortunately, some new antivirals against different types of Herpesviridae have been investigated and suggested as novel drugs against VZV. Therefore, this review focuses on discussing the difference in efficacy and safety in the currently licensed antivirals for the treatment of HZ, the applicability of future novel antivirals against VZV, and the preventive or therapeutic effects of these antivirals on ZAP or PHN.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.210-213
• /
• 2013

We herein describe a feline case of facial dermatitis whose histopathological features resembled to those of FHV-associated ulcerative dermatitis. A 3-year-old, intact male domestic short-haired cat was presented with 2-years history of pruritic dermatitis that initially appeared on periocular area and extended toward the entire face. The cat had ocular discharge and conjunctivitis from 2-month of age. Clinically, skin lesions were characterized as erythema, erosions and ulcers covered with crusts on the facial and perianal area. Histopathologically, the facial lesion was characterized as interface dermatitis with hydropic degeneration at the basal layer, and single cell necrosis of keratinocytes. In addition, the epidermal and dermal necrosis infiltrated with eosinophils, and intranuclear inclusion bodies in keratinocytes were also recognized. Moreover, feline herpesvirus-1 gene was detected by a PCR analysis using a swab obtained from the crusted lesions. Based upon these findings, the present case was considered as having FHV-associated ulcerative dermatitis. Therapy including oral acyclovir and topical recombinant feline interferon omega resulted in marked improvement of the skin and mucosal lesions.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.187-192
• /
• 2013

For the monitoring of six viral disease (CIV: canine influenzavirus, CPIV: canine parainfluenzavirus, CHV: canine herpesvirus, CPV2: canine parvovirus type 2, CCoV: canine coronavirus, CNV: canine norovirus) inspections, a total of 300 samples were collected nasal or feces from the companion dogs of animal hospital (n=98) and the abandoned dogs of animal shelters (n=202) in Gwangju, Korea. Using PCR and RT-PCR, CPV2, CPIV and CHV were detected in 55 (18.3%), 11 (3.7%), 1 (0.3%), respectively. CPV2 was highly detected in May, October and November. and CPIV was highly detected in November. But those agents were not detected the virus in March and July. Based on the results of the investigation continuous monitoring for companion and abandoned dogs will be required.

• Journal of fish pathology
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.85-98
• /
• 2010

Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF) and National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI) have inspected the hatchery-reared seeds of 22 marine species and 11 freshwater species for aquatic animal diseases in stock enhancement program in 2009. Results showed that total 12 local selfgovernments have been restocking the sea with cultured juveniles. Gyeongsangnam-do, Jeollanam-do, Jejudo and Chungcheongnam-do have a preference for marine species seeds to freshwater species. On the contrary, freshwater species were released mostly in Gyeonggi-do, Jeollabuk-do and Chungcheongbuk-do. In the marine species group, abalone was the most abundant as 24.5%, and then sea cucumber (15.2%), olive flounder (11.5%), swimming crab (5.6%), black sea bream and rockfish (6.8%), rock bream (5.1%), black rockfish (4.6%) and scorpionfish (4.5%) were followed. Crucian carp was the most abundant as 19.4%, and then eel (17.0%), Korean bullhead (12.3%), melanian snail (12.0%), catfish (8.4%) were followed in the freshwater species group. The total number of inspection cases in this study were 1,080 and disqualification cases were 19 by detection of aquatic animals pathogens such as red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV), koi herpesvirus (KHV) or white spot syndrome virus (WSSV).