• 대한약침학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2015

Objectives: In this study, we investigated the 4-week repeated-dose oral toxicity of gami-jakyak gamcho buja decoction (Mecasin) to develop safe treatments. Methods: In order to investigate the 4-week oral toxicity of Mecasin, we administered Mecasin orally to rats. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups of five male and five female animals per group: group 1 being the control group and groups 2, 3, and 4 being the experimental groups. Doses of Mecasin of 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg of body weight were administered to the experimental groups, and a dose of normal saline solution of 10 mL/kg was administered to the control group. We examined the survival rate, weight, clinical signs, and gross findings for four weeks. This study was conducted under the approval of the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee. Results: No deaths occurred in any of the four groups. No significant changes in weights or food consumption between the control group and the experimental groups were observed. Serum biochemistry revealed that some groups showed significant decrease in inorganic phosphorus (IP) (P < 0.05). During necropsy on the rats, one abnormal macroscopic feature, a slight loss of fur, was observed in the mid dosage (1,000 mg/kg) male group. No abnormalities were observed in any other rats. In histopathological findings, the tubular basophilia and cast of the kidney and extramedullary hematopoiesis of the spleen were found. However, those changes were minimal and had occurred naturally or sporadically. No other organ abnormalities were observed. Conclusion: During this 4-week, repeated, oral toxicity test of Mecasin in SD rats, no toxicity changes due to Mecasin were observed in any of the male or the female rats in the high dosage group. Thus, we suggest that the doses in a 13-week, repeated test should be 0, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg respectively.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.177-186
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• 2006

목적 : 약침액(藥鐵液)의 지질과산화 예방 및 cytocome P450과의 상호 작용에 있어서 대계의 역할은 과거 연구가 거의 없었다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 대계 약침액이 지질과산화를 예방하고, 심혈관계질환 유발에 밀접한 연관이 있는 cytochrome P450의 직접적인 저해 효과를 검토 하고자 한다. 방법 : 대계 약침액이 지질과산화를 억제하는 정도를 평가하기 위하여 세포막을 구성하는 불포화지방산의 일종인 linoleic acid를 대상으로 지질과산화 진행 시간과 대계 약침액의 농도에 의존적인 저해 효과를 실험하였다. 또한 실험쥐의 간조직을 이용하여, 강제적인 과산화를 유도한 후 이를 방어하는 효능을 검토하였다. 그리고 cytochrome P450을 구성하는 그룹의 1A1, 1A2 및 2E1의 활성을 각각 EROD, MROD, p-nitrophenol, aniline 방법으로 측정하였다. 결과 및 결론 : 대계 약침액은 세포막 구성의 불포화 지방산인 linoleic acid의 산화를 시간 및 처리 농도에 의존적으로 억제하였고, 실험쥐의 조직 과산화를 유의성 있게 저해하였다. 또한 aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)을 활성화 시켜 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)에 의한 심혈관계 질환 유발 인자로 알려진 cytochrome P450 1A1 및 1A2의 발현을 일부 저해하였으며, 특히 체내에 흡수된 알콜 대사에 관여하는 P450 2E1을 강하게 억제 시켰다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.63-67
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was performed to analyze the single-dose oral toxicity of the super key (processed sulfur). Methods: All experiments were conducted at Medvill, an institution authorized to perform non-clinical studies, under the Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) regulations. In order to investigate the oral toxicity of super key. We administered it orally to Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The SD rats were divided into four groups of five male and five female animals per group: group 1 being the control group and groups 2, 3, and 4 being the experimental groups. Doses of super key 500 mg/kg, 1,000 mg/kg and 2,000 mg/kg were administered to the experimental groups, and a dose of normal saline solution, 10 mL/kg, was administered to the control group. We examined the survival rates, weights, clinical signs, gross findings and necropsy findings. This study was conducted under the approval of the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee. (Approval number: A01-14018). Results: No deaths or abnormalities occurred in any of the four groups. Although slight decreases in the weights of some female rats were noted, no significant changes in weights or differences in the gross findings between the control group and the experimental groups were observed. To check for abnormalities in organs, we used microscopy to examine representative histological sections of each specified organ; the results showed no significant differences in any of the organs. Conclusion: The results of this research showed that administration of 500 - 2,000 mg/kg of super key did not cause any changes in the weights or in the results of necropsy examinations. Neither did it result in any mortalities. The above findings suggest that treatment with super key is relatively safe. Further studies on this subject are needed to yield more concrete evidence.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.77-89
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• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze Korean clinical studies in Korean medicine and complementary and alternative medicine for allergic rhinitis and to propose for better methods of clinical studies and effective treatments on allergic rhinitis. Methods Electronic researches were performed with NDSL, RISS, KISTI, KISS, OASIS by keyword 'Allergic rhinitis'. Results The treatments used in 36 studies were herbal medicines, acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, moxibustion, cupping, inject medicine to nasal cavity, aroma therapy, ointment, nasal cleansing solution, laser treatment, infra-red therapy, oxygen nebulizer, diet treatment, moxa-pellet treatment, mindfulness meditation and space-spine manipulation techniques. The most common acupoints were LI4 and LI20 (Large Intestine Meridian). The most common methods of assessment is subjective nasal symptoms. All studies using subjective nasal symptoms and quality of life as assessment methods to show valid results on the improvement of allergic rhinitis. Conclusions This study shows that Korean medicine and complementary and alternative medicine on allergic rhinitis are effective. It will be expected to use that various methods for allergic rhinitis and more clinical studies for allergic rhinitis and pediatric patients needed in the future.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aromatherapy on blood pressure, pulse, fatigue and sleep for patients with allergic rhinitis admitted at a hospital specialized in an oriental medicine. Methods: This research was a single-group pretest-posttest design. Data were collected at admission and discharge from May to December, 2009. The patients selected were received an aroma inhalation therapy via nebulizer with a 2% diluted oil mixture of eucalyptus and peppermint with 10 cc of saline solution in the ratio of 1:1 ones a day for 15 min in the period of 2 weeks. The data were analyzed for the descriptive statistics and paired t-test. Results: There was a statistically significant improvement on physical and psychological symptoms of fatigue and sleep with a increase in systolic blood pressure. Conclusion: Eucalyptus and peppermint blended oil aromatherapy as a sleep induction modality is an effective nursing and therapeutic intervention in conjunction with acupuncture and herbal medicine for symptoms of nasal congestion. However, further well designed research is required in evaluating the effectiveness of the types of clinically available essential oil.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.90-100
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Jeokbaekhaogwanjung-tang (JGT) distillate on the immune activity of spleen cells of aged rats. Methods: Spleen cells of 10w, 52w 72w old SD rats were cultured and treated with JGT distillate and the levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-${\gamma}$ were measured. Results: 1. The levels of IL-2 and IFN-${\gamma}$ in the spleen cells of 52w old rats were significantly decreased by JGT treatment. 2. The level of IFN-${\gamma}$ in the spleen cells of 72w old rats were significantly decreased by JGT treatment. Conclusion: These results suggest that Jeokbaekhaogwanjung-tang distillate has an immune regulative effect by way of suppressing the change of immune activity caused by aging in rats.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.241-248
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• 2018

Objectives: Pharmacopuncture is a treatment that medicinal fluid including herbal extract is injected in body under qi/flavor theory and meridian theories. There are a number of studies investigating the efficacy of pharmacopuncture for cervicogenic dizziness but its usage differs in each study. This study aimed to review previous studies of pharmacopuncture treatment for cervicogenic dizziness to navigate the direction of improvement. Methods: Literature review was conducted on studies aimed at pharmacopuncture for cervicogenic dizziness. The randomized controlled studies which assessed the efficacy of pharmacopuncture on cervicogenic dizziness were selected. The studies were searched in Pubmed, RISS, OASIS and CNKI. After selecting eligible studies, the authors read the articles and summarized the points those are necessary in pharmacopuncture treatment for cervicogenic dizziness. Results: Twenty seven studies and 2,709 participants were included. The diverse solutions were used and the most popular were Salvia miltiorrhiza, Angelica gigas, a compound in Gastrodia elata, Panax notoginseng saponins. Some studies investigated the efficacy of conventional medical compounds (lidocaine, vitamin B, dexamethasone) injected in acupoints. Adopting acupoints and combining with body acupuncture have shown the tendency to enhance the cure rate. Pharmacopuncture could improve the efficacy of conventional treatment for cervicogenic dizziness. Conclusion: As the solution and injection method varies, principles of pharmacopuncture for dizziness should be investigated.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.215-225
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• 2005

홍화자약침액(紅花子藥鍼液)의 항암효능(抗癌效能)을 밝히고자 간암세포주(肝癌細胞柱)에 최신 oligonucleotide chip assay 법을 통하여 대양(大量)의 유전자(遺傳子) 발현(發顯)을 분석(分析)한 결과(結果) 다음과 같은 결론(結論)을 얻었다. 1. MTT 분석(分析)에서 간암(肝癌) 및 위암세포주(胃癌細胞柱)는 홍화자약침액(紅花子藥鍼液) 1.5, 10, 20m/$m{\ell}$에서 대조군(對照群)에 비해 유의(有意)한 세포활성(細胞活性) 감소(減少)를 보였다. 2. 간암세포주(肝癌細胞柱)에 홍화자약침액(紅花子藥鍼液) 처치(處置) 시(時) 대조군(對照群)에 비해 발현(發顯)이 2배 이상 증가(增加)된 유전자(遺傳子)는 UCIA PMARARA fusion protein, human oral cancer candidate gene mRNA, EPPIN-3 등 19개였다. 3. 간암세포주(肝癌細胞柱)에 홍화자약침액(紅花子藥鍼液) 처치(處置) 시 (時)대조군(對照群)에 비해 유전자(遺傳子)의 발현(發顯)이 2배 이상 감소(減少)된 것은 BTF3, MMP11, paxillin, villinn 등 13개였다. 이상과 같이 홍화자약침액(紅花子藥鍼液)에 대한 간암세포주(肝癌細胞柱)의 유전자(遺傳子) 발현(發顯)을 oligonucleotide 분석(分析)으로 대량(大量) 검소(儉素)할 수 있었고, 심한 발현(發顯) 차이(差異)를 나타내는 각 유전자(遺傳子)는 암화(癌化) 과정(過程)이나, 홍화자약침액(紅花子藥鍼液)에 반응하는 유전자(遺傳子)로 치료제 개발을 위한 기초 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료(思料)된다.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.183-197
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• 1997

황금약침제제(黃芩藥鍼製劑)의 안정성(安定性) 및 효능(效能)에 관한 연구(硏究)하기 위해, 약침제제(藥鍼製劑)들은 황금(黃芩)을 원료(原料)로 하여 전탕(煎蕩) 여과(濾過) 희석(稀釋)의 방법으로 제조(製造)하였다. 황금약침제제(黃芩藥鍼製劑)들은 랫트의 족삼리 근육에 반복투여(反復投與)하여 아급성(亞急性) 독성(毒性) 및 효능(效能)을 조사(調査)하였고, 대조군(對照群) 주사용(注射用) 생리식염수(生理食鹽水)와 연유수(燕溜水)의 매체대조군(媒體對照郡) 침자재군(鍼刺栽郡)을 설정하여 비교(比較)하였다. 1. 랫트에 황금약침제제(黃芩藥鍼製劑)들을 0.2cc 근육투여(筋肉投與)한 결과(結果) 대조군(對照群)과 시험군(試驗群)에서 1마리도 사망하지않았고, 일반증상(一般症狀) 및 부검소견(剖檢所見)에서도 특별한 이상이 발견(發見)되지 않았다. 또한 검액(檢液) 황금약침제제(黃芩藥鍼製劑)들 각각을 랫트에 반복 약침(藥鍼) 시술(施術)하여 체중변화(體重變化) 장기중량(臟器重量) 및 혈액생화학적(血液生化學的) 검사등(檢査等)을 실험(實驗)한 결과(結果), 검액(檢液)에 기인한 독성증상(毒性症狀)은 나타나지 않았다. 따라서 시험군(試驗群)에 사용한 황금약침제제(黃芩藥鍼製劑)은 안전성(安全性)에는 문제가 없는 것으로 사료되었다. 2. 경시적(輕視的) 체중변화(體重變化)의 결과(結果)에서 침자재군(鍼刺栽郡)(acupuncture)은 시술(施術) 3일후(日後)부터 p-value가 <0.05, 7일(日)부터는 p-value가 <0.001로 유의성(有意性)이 있는 체중감소(體重減少)가 나타났고, 9일후(日後)에는 모든 시험군(試驗群)이 체중(體重) 증가(增加)가 억제되었다. 3. 장기중량(臟器重量)에 대한 결과(結果)에서 D-2군(群)과 생리식염수군군(生理食鹽水群)은 간장중량(肝臟重量)이 통계적(統計的) 유의성(有意性)을 보이고 있는데 침자재(鍼刺栽)의 경우 간장(肝臟)과 비장(脾臟)에서 유의(有意)한 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 이러한 결과(結果) 효능면(效能面)에서 약침(藥鍼)의 침(鍼)과 약(藥)이 효과(效果)에서 침(鍼)의 효과(效果)가 우선하고 있다고 추측되어진다. 4. 약침(藥鍼) 시술군(施術群)에 대한 혈액생화학적(血液生化學的) 검사(檢査)는 GLU, T.G., CHOL에 대해 조사하였는데, glucose에 대한 영향(影響)은 황금약침제제(黃芩藥鍼製劑) ${\times}$10군(群)에서 대조군(對照群)에 비해 유의성(有意性) 있는 감소를 확인할 수 있었고, 황금약침제제(黃芩藥鍼製劑) ${\times}$100군(群), Distillation-2군(群), 생리식염수군군(生理食鹽水群)에서는 대조군(對照群)에 비해 유의성(有意性) 있는 증가(增加)를 확인할 수 있었고, 모든 시술군(施術群)에서 CHOL의 유의성(有意性)있는 감소(減少)를 보였고, T.G는 황금약침제제(黃芩藥鍼製劑)와 복합주사제군(複合注射劑群)를 제외한 모든 시술군(施術群)에서 통계학적(統計學的) 유의성(有意性)이 있었는데, 황금약침제제(黃芩藥鍼製劑)를 희석(稀釋)한 황금수액희석제제군(黃芩水液稀釋製劑群)에서 유의성(有意性)있는 감소가 일어나는 것을 확인(確認)할 수 있었다. 농도와는 관계없이 황금약침제제(黃芩藥鍼製劑)들이 함유하고 있는 성분상호간(成分相互間)의 작용에 의해서 T.G.가 감소(減少)된다고 생각되어진다. 또한 침자재군(鍼刺栽群)에서도 T.G.를 감소시키는 유의성있는 흥미로운 결과(結果)를 얻을수 있었다. 5. 혈액학적(血液學的) 검사결과(檢査結果)는 과립구(顆粒球)에서 황금수액제제(黃芩水液製劑)만을 제외한 모든 시술군(施術群)에서 유의성(有意性)있는 증가(增加)를 보였으며, 황금수액희석제제군(黃芩水液稀釋製劑群)들에서의 과립구(顆粒球)는 매우 유의적(有意的)인 증가(增加)(p-value가 <0.001)를 보였다. 침자재군(鍼刺栽群)은 과립구(顆粒球)와 평균혈구용적(平均血球容積)에서 통계적(統計的) 유의성(有意性)이 인정되었다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.599-608
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• 2012

Objectives : To report three cases of eye movement impairment: internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) due to pontine infarction, traumatic abducens nerve palsy, and abducens nerve involvement in Miller-Fisher syndrome. Cases Summary : There were three cases. First, a 64-year-old woman, who was given a diagnosis of INO due to pontine infarction, had left gaze palsy of her right eye while the convergence was intact. Second, a 34-year-old man had abduction impairment of his right eye after a traffic accident. Third, a 66-year-old man, who was diagnosed with Miller-Fisher syndrome, had left gaze palsy of his left eye. Their symptoms improved substantially and their anxieties were relieved after treatment with herbal medicine and acupuncture. Conclusions : There has been no certain cure for eye movement impairment yet. In this report, we present three successful cases of patients with eye movement impairment and show that Korean medical treatment could be a solution for this incurable disease.