• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.377-380
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• 2011

A case of intradural extramedullary cavernous angioma is presented with headache, dizziness, and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss caused by an intracranial superficial hemosiderosis. It was incidentally found in a patient with a 3-month history of sustained headache, dizziness and a 3-year history of hearing difficulty. The neurological examination was unremarkable in the lower extremity. MR images showed an intracranial superficial hemosiderosis mostly in the cerebellar region. Myelography and MR images of the thoracolumbar spine revealed an intradural extramedullary mass, which was pathologically proven to be a cavernous angioma. T12 total laminoplastic laminotomy and total tumor removal were performed without any neurologic deficits. The patient's symptoms, including headache and dizziness, have been absent for three years. Intradural extramedullary cavernous angioma can present with an intracranial superficial hemosiderosis as a result of chronic subarachnoid hemorrhage.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.390-394
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• 2019

Hemosiderosis is characterized by the deposition of excess iron in body tissues. The choroid plexus is an important part of the central nervous system that can be the primary site of iron overload. T2*-weighted gradient echo (GRE) sequence provides high sensitivity for demonstrating cerebral microhemorrhagic foci and iron deposition. In the present study, we describe the case of a 15-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, in whom repeated transfusion led to iron accumulation in the brain. GRE sequence effectively demonstrated hemosiderin deposition in the choroid plexus.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.256-260
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• 2009

특발성 폐 혈철 침착증은 반복되는 객혈, 흉부 X-선상 양측성 폐침윤, 철분 결핍성 빈혈을 특징으로 하는 질환으로 주로 소아에서 발생한다. 매우 드문 질환으로 국내에서는 현재까지 6편의 증례가 보고되었다. 유전, 자가면역, 알레르기, 환경, 대사 등과 관련된 병인에 제시되었으나 아직까지 확실히 밝혀지지 않았다. 본 환자는 9세 여아로 2년간 매 봄, 가을에 객혈, 호흡곤란을 주소로 4차례 입원하였다. 청진 시 양폐야에서 나음이 들렸고 흉부 X-선 검사 및 CT에서 양측성 폐포성 침윤이 확인되었으며 혈액 검사에서 철분 결핍성 빈혈이 관찰되었다. Anti-GBM Ab, ANCA, FANA, RF, cow's milk protein에 대한 IgE 등의 항체 검사는 모두 음성이었고 응고 검사, 면역글로불린, 보체는 모두 정상이었다. 세균에 대한 객담과 혈액 배양 및 결핵에 대한 피부반응검사, 객담 도말 및 배양 검사는 모두 음성이었다. 폐생검에서 폐포내 출혈과 혈철소 함유 대식 세포(hemosiderin-laden macrophage) 및 간질의 섬유화 소견을 보여 폐 혈철 침착증을 확진 하였다. 매 악화 시마다 경구용 스테로이드 투여 후 임상 양상이 호전되어 퇴원하였다. 현재 외래에서 유지요법으로 스테로이드 복용 중이며 17개월간 재발 없는 상태이다. 저자들은 이전에 국내에서 보고되었던 환자들과는 달리 학동기에 처음 발병하여 매년 봄과 가을에 뚜렷한 원인 없이 재발하는 양상을 보인 특발성 폐 혈철 침착증 1예를 보고하는 바이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제72권2호
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• pp.223-227
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• 2012

Pulmonary siderosis, or Welder's lung disease is an occupational lung disease caused by iron-inhalation. Diagnosis of pulmonary siderosis is based on occupational history of the patient, radiologic findings, and pathologic findings of iron-laden macrophages within lung tissue or broncho-alveolar lavage fluid. We observed a case of a 43 years-old welder diagnosed with pulmonary siderosis via thoracoscopic lung biopsy. Sputum culture along with pathology also identified a non-tuberculotic mycobacterial infection with a sputum culture and the pathologic findings. The patient was treated with anti-tubercular medication and cessation of iron-exposure. And his condition improved within a few months.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.11-24
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• 2017

The current investigation dealing with the causative agent of mass mortalities in cultured Oreochromis niloticus. The diseased fish showed external hemorrhage, unilateral and bilateral eye opacity, ended by blindness and fish death. The postmortem lesions revealed congested friable kidney and spleen, and liver has yellow nodules. Obtained isolates were identified as Aeromonas hydrophila (the causative agent of Motile Aeromonas Septicemia) and found to be highly pathogenic as they contained hemolysin virulence gene causing mortality reached to 100 and 70% in intraperitoneal and intramuscular infection. The prevalence of MAS was 80% among the surveyed O. niloticus. Blood and serum were collected from naturally diseased, intraperitoneal and intramuscular injected O. niloticus for hematological and biochemical examination. Similarly, gills, musculature, kidney, liver and spleen were collected for histopathological evaluation, and micropathomorphological analysis of spleen was done. Macrocytic hypochromic anemia was recorded in the intraperitoneal infection. Serum protein, albumin and globulin were decrease only in naturally diseased fish. Leucocytosis with heterophilia and lymphocytosis were observed in naturally diseased and intraperitoneal infected fish. There were severe degenerative changes and hemorrhagic necrosis in the examined tissues which were more obvious in intraperitoneal than intramuscular infection. Activation and proliferation of melanocytes macrophages centers with severe hemosiderosis were recorded in spleen of naturally diseased and experimentally infected fish.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제70권1호
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• pp.58-62
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• 2011

Pulmonary siderosis is a pneumoconiosis caused by chronic iron inhalation. A diagnosis of pulmonary siderosis is based on a patient history of iron inhalation, on chest radiographic findings, and on accumulation of iron oxide in macrophages within the lung. A typical radiographic finding of pulmonary siderosis includes ill-defined micronodules that are diffusely distributed in the lung. We experienced a 52-year-woman with a $1.3{\times}1.5$-cm mass in the left upper lobe with multiple nodules in both lungs. Because the radiographic findings were atypical, we conducted a video-assisted thorascopic lung biopsy procedure to exclude the diagnosis of metastatic lung cancer. After confirming iron deposition in the lung tissue and knowing the patient's occupational history of welding iron, we concluded that this was a case of pulmonary siderosis.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.82-93
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• 1994

1992년 12월부터 1993년 7월까지 8개월동안 영남대학교 의과대학 부속병원 내과에서 치료중인 혈액투석환자 64명을 대상으로 erythropoietin 치료 유무와 간기능 검사 이상 유무에 따라 군을 나누어 각 군간의 혈색소, 적혈구 용적, 적혈구 지수, 망상 적혈구수, 혈청철, TIBC, ferritin, transferrin saturation을 비교하여, 이들 값과 수혈양의 관계를 조사한 성적은 다음과 같다. 대상환자의 MCH는 $28.8{\pm}2.0pg$, MCV $92.4{\pm}4.7fl$로 정색소성 정구성 빈혈의 소견을 나타냈다. Ferritin치는 남자 $657.4{\pm}292.0ng/ml$, 여자 $511.5{\pm}370.7ng/ml$, serum iron치는 남자 $145.5{\pm}63.7{\mu}g/dl$, 여자 $125.6{\pm}57.1{\mu}g/dl$, transferin saturation은 $61.6{\pm}28.4%$로 ferritin, serum iron, transferrin saturation 모두 정상인보다 높았으며 EPO 치료 유무에 따른 환자비교에서, EPO치료를 받는 환자(20례)의 혈색소, 적혈구 용적은 비 EPO치료군 보다 유의하게 높았고, 1달간 평균 수혈량은 비 EPO치료군에서 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 간기능 이상이 있는 군(10례)과 간기능이 정상인 군 (54례)간의 비교에서, 혈청 철 및 transferrin saturation은 간기능 이상이 있는 군에서 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 수혈횟수는 ferritin(r=0.4675), transferrin saturation(r=0.3823), iron(r=3386)과 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 결론적으로 빈혈의 교정을 수혈에 의존하는 환자는 철분 과부하, 즉 hemosiderosis, hemochromatosis 등의 위험이 있으며, erythropoietin치료는 철분 과부하를 포함한 수혈과 관련된 여러 가지 위험성을 감소시킬 것으로 생각된다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2008

The present study was designed to explore the immunotoxic effects of orally administered aluminum (AI) on pregnant rats (n = 60) and their growing fetuses and consequently on the animal wealth. The animals were randomly allocated into three equal groups of 20 rats each. The first group has no treatment and kept as a control (G1). The second and third groups of pregnant rats were treated orally with aluminum chloride at 345 mg/Kg b.wt. The second group (G2) received the tested compound from the $6^{th}$ day of gestation to the end of weaning, whereas the third group (G3) received the tested compound from the $15^{th}$h day of gestation to the end of weaning. Control and treated animals (dams and offspring) were immunized ip with (0.5 ml) 20% sheep red blood cell (SRBC) suspension seven days before the end of experiments. At the end of exposure, ten dams and ten offspring from each group were used for assessment of cell-mediated immunity and a similar number of animals were sacrificed for evaluating the humoral immune response and serum protein profile. Aluminum chloride exposure of dams ($G_2&G_3$) caused significant suppression of both cell mediated and humoral immune responses in the obtained offsprings compared to the control group ($G_1$) without any significant effect on the immune responses of these dams. Moreover, the serum total globulins, albumin/ globulin (A/G) ratio and gamma globulin fraction were significantly decreased in the treated dam's offsprings compared to the corresponding controls while the serum total protein and all serum protein fractions showed non significant difference between the control and treated dams and between the two treated dam groups themselves. There were no histopathological changes observed in thymus, spleen and liver of the control and treated dams. Thymus of treated dam's offsprings (G2) showed lymphoid depletion in both cortex and medulla. Their spleens showed lymphoid depletion in the white pulps and congestion with hemosiderosis in the red pulps. Liver of treated dam's offsprings showed dilation and congestion of its central vein with degenerative changes in the hepatocytes. These histopathological changes were more severe in G2 than in G3 offsprings. It can be concluded that gestational and/ or lactation exposure of pregnant dams to AI chloride caused suppression of both cellular and humoral immune responses of their offsprings.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.217-233
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• 1992

This study was performed to determine the toxic effects of graded dose levels of SKI 2053R after repeated administration. Three groups of Sprague-Dawley rats(10M and 10F per group) were given a total of 25 i.v. injections of SKI 2053R (1.50,3.75,9.38mg/kg/day). In order to compare the toxic effects of SKI 2053R with those of cisplatin, one group of Sprague-Dawley rats (10M and 10F per group) were given a total of 25 i.v.injections of cisplatin (1.70mg/kg/day). The dosing schedule was divided into five courses of 5 consecutive days with 16-day dose-free intervals between each course. No drug-related toxicity occurred in low dose level group (1.50mg/kg/day) of SKI2053R. From the results of hematological examination, peripheral WBC counts, RBC counts and hemoglobin of high dose level group(9.38mg/kg/day)of SKI 2053R were significantly lower than those of no-treated group. Other toxicities including reduced final body weight, proteinuria and hematuria were observed in high dose level group of SKI 2053R. But, no change was detected in serum biochemical values of SKI 2053R treated groups. All of the rats in cisplatin treated group were died between 3 and 13 weeks, while rats treated with SKI2053R survived to the end except one rat of middle dose level group(3.75mg/kg/day). In histopathological examinations, rats that received cisplatin manifested severe tubular damage in kidney and hemosiderosis in spleen, but no critical pathological lesion was observed in rats of other groups. Considering the results of this study, it was concluded that non-toxic dose of SKI 2053R in this treatment schedule was estimated to be 3.75 mg/kg/day and the maximum tolerated dose was to be higher than 9.38mg/kg/day. The toxic profiles fo SKI 2053R were different from those of cisplatin, and its toxicity was considerably lower than that of cisplatin.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1991

가온(加溫) 양어장(養魚場)에서 자란 참장어(뱀장어) Anguilla japonica의 병리조직학적(病理組織學的) 변화(變化)와 Methemoglobin증(症)에 대(對)해서 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 양어장(養魚場)의 수질(水質)은 수온(水溫) $22.0{\sim}29.0^{\circ}C$, DO 4.33~7.33ppm, pH 6.1~8.2, $NO_2$ - N 0.03~10.1ppm의 범위(範圍)였다. 2. 조사(調査) 대상(對象)인 참상어는 외관상(外觀狀)으로는 활력(活力)이나 체색(體色) 및 혈액(血液)에 이상(異常)이 없었고, pH 6.0 정도(程度)로 낮은 양어장(養魚場)이 참상어는 체표면(體表面)에 점액질(粘液質)이 많았으며 점착력(粘着力)이 컸었다. 3. Methemoglobin양(量)은 12월(月)에 총(總) 적혈구(赤血球)의 1.03~9.86%, 6월(月)에 5.05~25.69%였으며, 변형적혈구(變形赤血球)의 양(量)은 12월(月)에 5.83~30.17%, 6월(月)에 8.67~74.45%로서 Methemoglobin이나 변형적혈구(變形赤血球)의 출현량(出現量)이 다 같이 하계(夏季)에 많은 증가(增加)를 보인 것은 양어장(養魚場)의 물 관리(管理)가 겨울철에도 좋지 못했지만 여름철에 더 좋지못했다는 결과(結果)인 것 같다. 4. 아가미, 간(肝) 및 신장(腎臟) 조직(組織)은 조사(調査)한 양어장(養魚場) 전체(全體)에서 중급(中級) 이상(以上)의 부종증상(浮腫症狀)을 보였고, 3월(月)과 6월(月)에 아가미는 2차새변 상피세포(上皮細胞)(호흡세포((呼吸細胞))의 박리(剝離)가 일어나는 심(甚)한 변성(變性)을 보인 양어장(養魚場)에 많아졌으며 간장(肝臟)은 핵농축(核濃縮)이나 동공화(洞空化)된 세포(細胞)가 많아졌고 신장(腎臟)은 대다수(大多數)의 양어장(養魚場)에서 혈철증(血鐵症)이 생겼다. 5. 아질산(亞窒酸) 농도(濃度)가 높은 양어장(養魚場)에서 Methemoglobin이 증가(增加)하는 경향(傾向)은 있었으나 반드시 일치(一致)하지는 않았고, pH가 6.0 정도(程度)로 낮은 양어지(養魚池)에서는 아질산(亞窒酸) 농도(濃度)에 관계(關係)없이 Methemoglobin과 변형적혈구(變形赤血球)의 출현량(出現量)이 대체(大體)로 증가(增加)했으며 아가미, 간(肝) 및 신장(腎臟) 조직(組織)의 퇴행성(退行性) 변성(變性)이 심(甚)했다.