• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.355-361
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• 1986

Vibrio vulnificus, a halophilic Vibrio has gained worldwide attention as a cause of severe and frequently fatal wound infections and life-threatening septicemia. For this reason V. vulnificus is thought to produce extreme hemoconcentration and rapid death after infection, and because V. vulnificus is thought to be less susceptible to bactericidal activity of normal human serum, the present study was undertaken to assess the susceptibility of V. vulnificus to human serum bactericidal activity with that of V. parahemolyticus and V. cholerae and to assess the effect of Vibrio species, Salmonella typhimurium and E. coli on hematocrit values in experimentally infected mice. Serum bactericidal activity against both V. vulnificus and V. cholerae was higher than against V. parahemoltyicus. Survival of the test strains in heat-inactivated human serum was greater than that in heat-uninactiveted serum. Both V. parahemolyticus and V. cholerae produced slight hemoconcentration within 2 to 6 hr after intraperitoneal injection of $10^7$ viable bacteria into mice. In contrast, V. vulnificus, S. typhimurium and E. coli produced hemodilution rather than hemoconcentration after 4 or 6 hr after infection. With these results the author can conclude that V. vulnificus is more susceptible to serum bactericidal activity than other Vibrio species, and V. vulnificus did not produce hemoconcentration.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.471-474
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• 1994

Five experimental groups with five adult male rats in each, were exposed to 20, 35, 40 and $45^{\circ}C$ air temperature for 50-70 minutes, and to $50^{\circ}C$ for 30-50 minutes, respectively. Food and drinking water were not permitted during the exposure. Blood samples were obtained by heart puncture immediately after the thermal treatment. All the rats were hyperthermic (p<0.01) as compared to the controls ($20^{\circ}C$). Hyperthermia was associated with hypoglycemia which was significant (p<0.01) at 45 and $50^{\circ}C$ exposures. Plasma levels of GOT and GPT declined at 35 and $40^{\circ}C$ reaching the lowest (p<0.05) level at $45^{\circ}C$, while at $50^{\circ}C$ GOT level was elevated by 45% but GPT was normal as compared to the controls. Differences between groups were significant (p<0.01) for GOT and insignificant for GPT. Hematocrit value increased significantly (p<0.01) at 45 and $50^{\circ}C$, indicating hemoconcentration. It could be concluded that severe heat stress (45 and $50^{\circ}C$) resulted in critical hyperthermia, hypoglycemia, disturbed liver function, body dehydration, and hemoconcentration leading to death.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.531-536
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• 2002

We investigated the exercise-induced changes in the serum concentration of several minerals in horses. Four welltrained Thoroughbred horses performed exercise for 5 d. The blood hemoglobin (Hb) concentration increased during exercise, recovered to the pre-exercise level immediately after cooling down and did not change again up till the end of experiment. The changes in serum zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) concentrations were similar to those of blood Hb during the experiment. The serum magnesium (Mg), inorganic phosphorus (Pi) and iron (Fe) concentrations also increased during exercise. Though the serum Pi concentration recovered to the pre-exercise level immediately after the cooling down, it decreased further before the end of the experiment. The serum Mg concentration was lower immediately after cooling down than its pre-exercise level but gradually recovered from the temporal reduction. The recovery of the serum Fe concentration was delayed compared to that of other minerals and recovered 2 h after cooling down. The serum calcium (Ca) concentration did not change during exercise but rapidly decreased after cooling down. As a result, it was lower immediately after cooling down than its pre-exercise level. It recovered, however, to the pre-exercise level 2 h after cooling down. The temporal increase in the serum concentrations of all minerals except Ca is considered to result from hemoconcentration induced by exercise and the stable concentration of the serum Ca during exercise is possibly due to its strict regulation of homeostasis. These results indicate that the serum concentration of each mineral responds differently to exercise in horses, which may be due to the difference in metabolism among these minerals.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.145-149
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• 2012

Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) is an unusual entity characterized by hypovolemic shock, hemoconcentration, and hypo-albuminemia associated with paraproteinemia as a result of marked capillary hyper-permeability. Complications of this syndrome can include compartment syndromes, pulmonary edema, thrombosis, and acute kidney injury. This paper reports a case of severe SCLS accompanied by acute tubular necrosis caused by hypoperfusion and myoglobinuria secondary to rhabdomyolysis, which resulted in chronic kidney disease that necessitated hemodialysis. However, there have been rare data of residual end-organ damage after acute attacks in Korea. Therefore, this paper reports a case of complicated SCLS enough to hemodialysis and that developed into chronic kidney disease.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.105-116
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• 1971

The effects of aconite root in rats and rabbits were studied following oral administration of the powder which was prepared by lyophilization of the decoction of the salted aconite roots. The $LD_{50}$ of the powder, the blood picture, total blood volume, uptake rate of ${42}^K$ and ${24}^Na$ in various organs, oxygen consumption, thyroid activity, and histopathological changes in various organs, were observed. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The $LD_{50}$ of the powder of decoction of the aconite root was 4.07g/kg of body weight in mice which is equivalent to approximately 40g/kg of the salted aconite roots. 2. The number of erythrocytes and leukocytes, hematocrit value, and the amount of hemoglobin in blood were increased in the rats administered daily dosages of 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0g/kg respectively. No significant differences were observed in the differential count of leukocytes. A slight tendency of hemoconcentration was recognized. 3. No changes in the erythrocyte volume, plasma volume and total blood volume were observed in the rats after administration of the powder for one, three, and six days. However, those were decreased in rats treated for ten days. 4. Generally, in various organs of rats the uptake rate of ${24}^Na$ showed a tendency of increasing but that of ${42}^K$ slowed a decreasing tendency. 5. The oxygen consumption was markedly decreased in rats administered the powder. 6. Iodine-131 uptake of thyroid gland was markedly decreased in the rabbits following administration of the powder. 7. In rabbits administered 0.5g/kg for 20 days, fatty changes of hepatic cells, cloudy swelling of the epithelial cells of proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney and the dilation of splenic sinuses were observed, however, milder changes were found in rabbits treated with 0.1g/kg for the same period.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제45권10호
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• pp.1298-1301
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• 2002

전신성 모세혈관 누출 증후군(Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome)은 Clarkson 등이 처음 기술한 이래 50여명의 증례가 보고된 매우 드문 질환이며, 소아에서는 1995년 Ivan Foeldvari 등이 보고한 예가 유일하다. 저자들은 빈호흡, 청색증, 부종, 소변량 감소를 주소로 내원한 6세 여아에서 저혈압, 혈액농축, 저알부민혈증의 소견을 확인하고 전신성 모세혈관 누출 증후군으로 진단한 예를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.163-167
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• 2008

난소과자극 증후군 (Ovarian Hyperstimulation, OHSS)은 배란 유도의 가장 심각한 합병증 중의 하나로서 난소 비대, 복수, 흉수, 심막 삼출액, 혈액 농축, 전해질 이상 및 혈전증 등의 증상을 초래하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 특히 난소과자극 증후군 환자에서 혈전 색전증의 발생은 적절한 치료에도 불구하고 발생하고 예측이 어렵고 환자를 사망에 이르게 할 수도 있기에 가장 위험한 합병증 중의 하나로 인식되고 있다. 저자들은 체외수정 시술 후 중증 난소과자극 증후군 환자에서 본원 입원 치료 중 합병된 색전증에 대한 증례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.57-66
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• 1967

Cold $(0^{\circ}C)$ or warm $(25^{\circ}C)$ fresh and sea water were flooded into the lungs of rabbits through tracheal canule. Respiratory arrest ensued in 19.5 minutes in the warm fresh water flooded rabbits and was the longest survival time among the experimental groups. The survival times in the other groups were: 2.32 minutes in cold fresh water group, 2.75 minutes in .warm sea water group, and 4.57 minutes in cold sea water group. Cardiac output was measured by means of T-1824 dilution technique after 2 or 3 minutes of flooding in 27 rabbits. Blood pressure was observed by mercury manometer throughout the survival time in 40 rabbits. The following results were obtained. 1. Cardiac output in the warm fresh water flooded and sea water flooded animal was smaller than that of control rabbits. In the cold fresh water flooded animal cardiac output was greater than that of the control animal. 2. Time constants of T-1824 dilution curve of experimental group were elongated than the normal curve. 3. Central blood volume showed an increase in the fresh water group, a decrease in cold sea water group and no change in warm sea water group. 4. In all of the experimental groups arterial blood Pressure showed an abrupt and great variations after flooding of lungs and lasted about 30 seconds. Thereafter, arterial pressure remained at a plateau level until the sudden fall to zero and this was almost coincided with the time of respiratory arrest. The Plateau level of arterial Pressure in fresh water group was about 10 mmHg higher than the control value, and it was lower than the control value in warm sea water group. In cold sea water group the plateau was made up by fluctuations around the control value. 5. Osmosis of water through the lung alveolar membrane occured in all animals. Fresh water caused hemodilution and sea water caused hemoconcentration. 6. In sea water flooded animal more volume of water was recovered through the tracheal canule than the volume injected into trachea. This was interpreted as the consequence of the shift of water from plasma to alveolar sac. 7. Relative freight of lung was greater in fresh water group than sea water group. In all animal lung edema ensued. 8. The mechanisms of cardiac output variations were discussed.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2008

보조생식술 시행 후 혈전색전증의 발생은 매우 드물기는 하나 치명적인 합병증이다. 과배란 유도시 중증 난소 과자극 증후군은 $0.1{\sim}0.5%$에서 발생하며, 중증 난소 과자극증후군 환자의 128명 중 한 명에서 혈전색전증이 발생하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 발병기전으로는 과배란 유도에 따른 고에스트로젠 혈증에 의한 혈액응고인자의 변화, 혈관 투과성의 증가에 따른 혈액농축 및 순환혈액의 감소 등을 원인으로 추정하고 있으나 그 정확한 기전은 알려진 바가 없다. 또한 thrombophilia나, 혈전색전증의 과거력 및 가족력이 있는 경우 발병율이 증가한다. 혈전증의 발생 부위는 정맥이 67%이나, 33%는 동맥에 발병하며 주로 뇌동맥에 발생된다고 보고되었다. 본 예는 3년간의 이차성 불임을 주소로 내원하여 시험관 아기시술을 시행하였으며 hCG 투여 8일 후 난소 과자극증후군이 중등도로 발생하였다. hCG 투여 후 11일째 갑작스런 의식 소실 및 우측 상지의 운동장애가 발생하여 시행한 MRI상 뇌바닥동맥 (basilar a.) 혈전증으로 진단되었으며, 혈관내 혈전 용해술 및 풍선 확장술 시행후 재관류에 성공하였다. 시술 2일 후 의식 및 운동장애는 완전히 회복되었으며 시술 7일 후 말더듬증 역시 회복되어 후유장애 없이 건강한 상태이다. Thrombophilic study상 Protein S결핍 소견을 보였고, 또한 vWF-associated Ag.이 증가된 양상을 보였다. 지금까지 국내에서 난소 과자극증후군 이후에 발생한 뇌경색은 5예가 보고되었으며, 이중 4예에서 protein S deficiency 소견을 보였으므로 선별 검사로 유용할 것으로 사료된다. 저자 등은 3년간의 이차성 불임을 주소로 내원한 33세 환자에서 시험관 아기시술시 hCG 투여 11일째에 발생한 뇌바닥동맥 혈전증을 간단한 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.518-524
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• 1999

배경: 본 연구에서는 개심술을 시행받은 소아 환아에 대하여 심폐기 이탈 직후 실시한 변형 초여과법의 효과를 임상례의 분석을 통하여 입증하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1997년 1월부터 12월까지 변형 초여과법을 실시한 체중 7 kg 이하의 청색성 심질환을 보이는 50명의 환아들과 변형 초여과법을 실시하지 않은 체중 7 kg 이하의 청색성 심질환을 갖은 50명의 환아들을 대상으로 하여 초여과 전후의 적혈구용적률, 혈역학적 수치와 체중의 변화를 비교하였다. 결과: 평균나이는 변형 초여과군이 4.1개월, 대조군이 3.1개월이었으며, 체중은 변형 초여과군이 4.8 kg, 대조군이 4.6 kg으로 두 군 간에 통계적인 차이가 없었다. 변형 초여과군에서는 평균 7분 동안 매 환아당 60.0$\pm$29.2 cc/kg의 수액을 여과시켰다. 변형 초여과 직후에는 적혈구용적률이 36.1%로 대조군의 26.4%에 비해 유의하게 높았다(p=0.001). 심폐우회술후 흉관을 통한 배액량은 두 군간에 차이가 없었으나(p=0.28), 수혈량은 변형 초여과군이 대조군에 비해 유의하게 적었다(p=0.04). 변형 초여과후 중심정맥압이 감소하였고(p=0.02) 수축기(p=0.0001)와 이완기혈압(p=0.0001)은 증가하였고 맥박수는 감소하였으나(p=0.02), 대조군에서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 변형 초여과후 체중의 증가는 대조군에 비해 유의하게 감소하였다(p=0.04). 결론: 연구자들은 본 연구를 통하여 소아환아의 개심술에 적용된 변형 초여과법이 조작이 간편하고 효과적으로 혈액을 농축시키고, 단시간내에 정상 혈역학으로의 환원을 가능케 하였으며, 술후 체수분 조절에도 탁월하여 수술결과를 보다 양호하게 만들 수 있다는 사실을 입증하였다.