• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.669-673
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• 2011

To prevent and treat the osteoporotic fracture, more attention should be paid in old age patients. Osteoclast which has ability to bone resorption is originated from hematopoietic cell line and plays a key role osteoporotic bone loss. Rubi Fructus has been widely used in Oriental medicine. Extracts of the leaves and fruit of Rubus species have been used in various countries as natural remedies to treat diabetes, infections, colic, and burns. However, the effect of extract of Rubi Fructus (fruit of Rubus coreanus Miq.) in osteoclast differentiation remains unknown. Thus, we evaluated the effect of Rubi Fructus on receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation. Here we found that Rubi Fructus significantly inhibited osteoclast differentiation induced by RANKL. Rubi Fructus suppressed the activation of p38 pathway and NFkB in bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) treated with RANKL. Also, Rubi Fructus significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of c-Fos, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR), nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)c1 and cathepsin K in BMMs treated with RANKL. Particularly, Rubi Fructus greatly inhibited the protein expression of c-fos and NFATc1. especially in the case of NFATc1 expression, a master transcription factor of the differentiation of osteoclasts is very important step for osteoclastogenesis. Taken together, our results demonstrated that Rubi Fructus may be useful treatment option of bone-related disease such as osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.379-391
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• 2003

The present study was undertaken to evaluate bone regenerative capacity around titanium screw implants placed in irradiated rat's tibiae. At one week after single 15-Gy dose irradiation, miniaturized titanium screw implants were inserted into anterior aspect of the upper tibia of rats weighing 200-250g. Seventy rats were involved: 35 rats were control and 35 rats radiation group. The rats were killed at different intervals as 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 weeks after implantation for histologic observation, histomorphometric analysis and immunohistochemical study with fibronectin and CD34 antibody. 1. Histologically, various stages of bone maturation and ossification can be seen at 4 weeks and regenerated bone close to edges demonstrates more advanced calcification, and network of new bone are well formed at 12 weeks in non-irradiated group. In contrast, active bone formation with increased contact of newly formed bone to implant surface was noted at 4 weeks and a significant amount of new bone formation and bone-implant contact is oberved at 12 weeks in irradiated group. 2. Histomorphometrical analysis confirmed these histologic findings. A significant difference in implant-bone contact and bone density was measured between the control and radiation group. Mean MBD was 62.2% in control group and 27.5% in radiation group, mean MBIC was 86.6% in control group and 47.7% in radiation group, and mean TBIC was 87.3% in control group and 45.6% in radiation group at 12 weeks after implantation. 3. In immunohistochemical study with fibronectin and CD34, radiation reduced hematopoietic progenitor cells severely and disturbed differentiation of osteoblast in bone marrow. The results of this study revealed bone healing capacity around implant after radiation therapy was severely impaired and irradiation reduces the capacity for osseointegration of titanium implants. Many factors including radiation dose, period between radiation and implantation, bone quality, time elapse between first and second surgery, type of prosthetics and hyperbaric oxygen therapy must be considered carefully in postradiation implantation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.805-813
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• 2005

In our previous study, a novel herb mixture (HIM-I) of Angelim gigas radix, Cnidium officinale rhizoma, and Paeonia japonica radix was developed to protect the intestinal and immune systems and promote its recovery against radiation damage. In this study, a new herbal preparation (HemoHIM) with the high immune modulating activity was developed from HIM-I. HIM-I was fractionated into ethanol fraction (HIM-I-E) and polysaccharide fraction (HIM-I-P). And HemoHIM was prepared by adding HIM-I-P to HIM-I. The protective activities against $\gamma$ -irradiation were compared among HemoHIM, HIM-I and the fractions. HemoHIM and HIM-I significantly decreased the radiation-induced DNA damage in vitro, and scavenged hydroxyl radicals in a dose-dependent manner. HemoHIM showed similar activity to HIM-I. In vitro proliferation assay with mouse lymphocytes and bone marrow cells showed that HIM-I-P was remarkably higher than HIM-I and HIM-I-E in cell proliferating activity. HemoHIM showed higher activity than HIM-I and this might be associated with the higher polysaccharide content. The in vivo protective effects of HemoHIM and HIM-I were investigated in $\gamma$-irradiated mice. HemoHIM increased the surviving intestinal crypts to a similar extent compared with HIM-I. In contrast, HemoHIM appeared to be more effective than HIM-I in endogenous spleen colony formation assay. The recovery of white blood cells and lymphocytes in irradiated mice were significantly enhanced by the administration of HemoHIM. Also HemoHIM administration prolonged the survival of irradiated mice. These results showed that the novel herbal preparation, HemoHIM, effectively protected the self-renewal tissues and immune system, and promoted the survival of irradiated mice. Moreover, in comparison with HIM-I, HemoHIM maintained similar activity in the reduction of oxidative damage of self-renewal tissue but exhibited the higher activity in protection and proliferation of immune and hematopoietic cells. These results suggested that HemoHIM might be more effective than HIM-I in immune modulation as well as radioprotection.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.626-632
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• 2004

Of hot- water extracts prepared from 30 kinds of herbal medicines, Acanthopanax senticosus (75.6% inhibition of control), Atractylodes macrocephale (71.3%), Panax ginseng (70.0%), Glycyrrhiza uralensis (66.3%) and Angelica acutiloba (63.1%) showed the potent tumor metastasis inhibition activity against colon 26-M3.1 lung carcinoma at 2.5 mg/kg body weight, whereas the other extracts had a little activity, except for Pueraria thunbergiana (58.6%) and C. leticulata (54.9%) having the intermediate activity. We also found that Citrus leticulata (1.80-fold of control), A. macrocephale (1.73-fold), A. senticosus and G. uralensis (1.64-fold) enhanced on Peyer's patch cells mediated-hematopoietic response at 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL. In addition, these active herbal medicines were prepared into steam distillates to improve the food rheology as beverage, and to remove the inactive components. Among these steam distillates, A. macrocephale, G. uralensis and A. senticosus showed the significant tumor metastasis inhibition activity at 2.5 mg/kg body weight (58.7%, 50.3% and 41.9%, respectively), and A. macrocephale had the potent activity even at 0,25 mg/kg body weight (49.7%). In treatments of steam distillates with Peyer's patch cells, A. macrocephale and A. senticosus significantly increased the bone marrow cell proliferation even at 10 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL (1.49- and 1.28-fold of control). Although steam distillates had lower activity than hot-water extracts, herbal medicines, such as A. macrocephale and A. senticosus, showed the high immunostimulating activity in hot-water extracts as well as steam distillates. Therefore, these results assumed the possibility that steam distillates from herbal medicines might be utilized to food industry for beverage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.1178-1184
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of ethanol extract of antler velvet (EAV) on common serum chemistry panels and histopathological change in rats exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Administration of TCDD ($50{\mu}g/kg$ body weight) induced significant decrease in platelet count (p<0.01), creatine phosphokinase (CPK, p<0.01), lactatate dehydrogenase (LDH, p<0.05) and glucose (p<0.05) levels and increase in hemoglobin (p<0.05), aspartate aminotransferase (AST, p<0.01), alanine amino transferase (ALT, p<0.05) and lipase activities (p<0.05), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN, p<0.05), triglyceride (p<0.01) and low density lipoptotein cholesterol (LDL-C, p<0.05) levels. However, pretreatment of EAV at daily dose of 20 mg/kg b.w. from 1 wk before TCDD exposure for 5 wks attenuated the abnormality of the overall serum chemistry panels but statistical difference between TE and TA groups was observed only in testicular weight (p<0.01), LDH activity (p<0.05), glucose (p<0.05) and lipase activity (p<0.01). In addition, TCDD induced significant histopathological changes including swelling, fatty metamorphosis, and vacuolar degeneration in liver; edema in proximal and distal convoluted tubules, and glomerulus in kidney; severe atrophy of red purple and appearance of significant number of macrophage in spleen; prominent atrophy and decrease in immune cells in thymus. On the other hand, administration of EAV attenuated histopathological damage induced by TCDD. These results further suggest that administration of EAV attenuates TCDD induced testicular, liver, pancreatic, hematopoietic and nephrotic toxicities in rats.

• Laboratory Medicine Online
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.163-169
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• 2017

Background: An automated immunohematology analyzer, DAYMATE M (DAY Medical, Switzerland), has been recently developed. The potential of this analyzer to improve test results has been evaluated. Methods: A total of 300 blood samples from Seoul St. Mary's hospital and Incheon St. Mary's hospital were tested for ABO and RhD typing. In addition, 336 antibody screening test (AST) samples and 82 patients treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) were included. AST results by DAYMATE M were compared with those obtained by a manual method using DS-Screening II (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Switzerland) and red blood cells from Selectogen (Ortho-Clinical diagnostics Inc., USA). Results: Of the 300 patients enrolled, 87, 73, 79, and 61 had type A, B, O, and AB blood, respectively. The concordance rate was 99.9% for cell typing and 97.0% for serum typing. One discordant case was classified as type B instead of AB, and six discordant serum-typing cases were type A, but classified as type AB. Among the 336 AST samples, the concordance rate was 93.2%. From 136 positive cases, six were discordant. Within the 82 HSCT-treated patients, the concordance rate for ABO blood typing was 92.2%. Among the six discordant cases, DAYMATE M typed four cases as donor type where the standard method typed them as the recipient blood type. Conclusions: The DAYMATE M automated immunohematology analyzer performs reliably for ABO and RhD typing, as well as for ASTs and on samples from patients treated with HSCT.