• 화훼연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.28-35
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• 2008

Hedera helix 11계통, Hedera rhombea 3계통, Fatshedera lizei 1계통, 그리고 Fatsia japonica 1계통을 수집하였다. RAPD primer 10개를 이용하여 수집된 3속의 재료들의 유전적 다양성을 측정하였다. 3속을 재료로 사용하여 밴드간 96.9%의 높은 다형성을 보였다. 총 97개의 RAPD 밴드를 이진화하여 UPGMA 방법을 이용하여 계통도를 작성하였다. Hedera helix 계통들은 모두 1개의 그룹에 속하였으며 8계통의 유전적 거리는 극도로 적었으며 나머지 3계통 역시 유전적으로 가까웠다. 하지만 형태적으로는 높은 다형성을 보였다. 따라서 수집된 유전자원을 이용한 돌연변이체 개발이 가능성이 있는 방법으로 제시되었다. Fatsia japonica는 유전적으로 관계성이 적어 다른 종들과 평균 0.63의 유전적 거리를 보였다. Hedera helix와 Fatsia japonica 속간 교배를 통하여 개발된 Fatshedera lizei는 Hedera rhombea 계통들과 함께 계통도에서 위치하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.257-268
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• 2024

This study investigated the growth characteristics of Euonymus japonicus, Hedera helix, and Peperomia puteolata treated with different calcium chloride (CaCl₂) concentrations to evaluate salt tolerance limits in hydroculture cultivation. Six concentrations of CaCl₂ (0, 1, 2, 5, 10, and 15 g·L^-1 referred to as Cont., C1, C2, C5, C10, and C15) were applied to solution - grown plant species. The survival rate, growth index, plant height, plant width, leaf width, leaf length, number of leaves, and relative chlorophyll contents were measured at monthly intervals. Euonymus japonicus, Hedera helix, and Peperomia puteolata survived up to C2, C5, and C10 at each CaCl₂ concentration. The Euonymus japonicus was higher in the C1 treatment than in the Cont. for most growth characteristics. Hedera helix had the highest leaf width, leaf length, and number of leaves in the Cont., a significant difference was observed compared with the C1 treatment. The chlorophyll content did not differ significantly between the C5 and Cont. treatments. The leaf width and length of Peperomia puteolata were greater in the C2 and C1 treatments than in the Cont., whereas the number of leaves and chlorophyll content were the highest in C5. Dry weight analysis revealed that Euonymus japonicus, Hedera helix, and Peperomia puteolata were the lowest in the Cont. treatments. Euonymus japonicus was 74% in C15, and Hedera helix, and Peperomia puteolata were analyzed at approximately 37%- 50% and 9%-14%, respectively, regardless of the concentration in the CaCl₂ treatment groups. In indoor hydroponic cultivation, the salt tolerance limit concentrations of Euonymus japonicus, Hedera helix, and Peperomia puteolata are 2, 5, and 10 g·L^-1, respectively, indicating that hydroculture management techniques should be applied at higher concentrations.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.114-117
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• 2002

Ultraviolet resonance Raman (UVRR) spectroscopy was used to elucidate the dynamic change of the protein structure of bacteriorhodopsin (BR) during the photocycle. The photointermediates minus light- adapted (LA) BR difference spectra show Trp difference signals, which are assigned to Trp189 or Trp182 on helix F by using the mutants, W182F and W189F. The Difference signals of Trp 182 indicates an increase in hydrogen bonding strength at the indole nitrogen and a large change in the side chain conformation (X$\^$2,1/ torsion angle) in the M$_1$ \longrightarrow M$_2$ transition. On the other hand, Trp189 shows an increased hydrophobic interaction. These results suggest that the tilt of helix F occurs in the M$_1$\longrightarrow M$_2$ transition. In the M$_2$ \longrightarrow N transition, the hydrophobic interaction of Trp182 decreases drastically, The decrease in hydrophobic interaction of Trp182 in the N state suggests an invasion of water molecules that promote the proton transfer from Asp96 to the Schiff base. Structural reorganization of the protein after the tilt of helix F may be important for efficient reprotonation of the Schiff base.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제37권10호
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• pp.753-758
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• 2014

Sorting nexin 9 (SNX9) is a member of the sorting nexin family of proteins and plays a critical role in clathrinmediated endocytosis. It has a Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs (BAR) domain which can form a crescent-shaped homodimer structure that induces deformation of the plasma membrane. While other BAR-domain containing proteins such as amphiphysin and endophilin have an amphiphatic helix in front of the BAR domain which plays a critical role in membrane penetration, SNX9 does not. Thus, whether and how SNX9 BAR domain could induce the deformation of the plasma membrane is not clear. The present study identified the internal putative amphiphatic stretch in the $1^{st}$ ${\alpha}$-helix of the SNX9 BAR domain and proved that together with the N-terminal helix ($H_0$) region, this internal putative amphiphatic stretch is critical for inducing membrane tubulation. Therefore, our study shows that SNX9 uses a unique mechanism to induce the tubulation of the plasma membrane which mediates proper membrane deformation during clathrinmediated endocytosis.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.508-513
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• 2015

In this study, the effect of the helix angle and rake angle of a flat end-mill in the milling of titanium alloy was investigated. Tool shape parameters such as helix angle and rake angle affect the cutting force, cutting zone temperature, vibration, and chip flow mechanism, which in turn determine tool life, surface integrity, and dimensional accuracy of the milling process. To investigate the effect of the helix and rake angles, a certain range of parameters was selected, and three-dimensional tool models were generated for finite element analysis (FEA) for each case. The cutting force and pressure on the tool flank face and rake face were investigated by FEA. Further, several tool models were proposed for machining tests. The cutting force characteristics were investigated by the machining tests.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.114-121
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• 1997

Helical anchors are foundation structure that designed to resist uplift loads are installed by applying in load to shaft while rotating it into the ground. These can be a cost effective means of proving tension anchorage for foundation where soil conditions permit their installation because of ease of installation. At present time, tapered helical anchors are commonly used to carry uplift loads. The uplift capacity includes the following factors : the height of overburden above the top helix, the resistant along a cylinder, the weight of the soil in the cylinder and suction force. In order to make clear behavior characteristics of helical anchors with pullout, model tests were conducted with respect to various embedment depth, space of helix, shape of helix. Based on the experimental study, the following conclusions are drawn. 1) The uplift capacity of multi helical anchors increase with embedment ratio of anchors The increase is smooth after critical uplift capacity. 2) Critical breakout factors and critical embedment ratio of multi helical anchor exist 7∼8, 4∼6 respectively. 3) Variation of uplift capacity with helix spaces show down after S/D=5. 4) Critical breakout factors of helical anchor in the laboratory test are similar to Das's theory.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2015

Acyl carrier protein is related with fatty acid biosynthesis in which specific enzymes are involved. Especially, acyl carrier protein (ACP) is the key component in the growing of fatty acid chain. ACP is the small, very acidic protein that covalently binds various intermediates of fatty acyl chain. Acylation of ACP is mediated by holo-acyl carrier protein synthase (ACPS), which transfers the 4'PP-moiety of CoA to the 36th residue Ser of apo ACP. Acyl carrier protein P (ACPP) is one of ACPs from Helicobacter plyori. The NMR structure of ACPP consists of four helices, which were reported previously. Here we show how acylation of ACPP can affect the overall structure of ACPP and figured out the contact surface of ACPP to acyl chain attached during expression of ACPP in E. coli. Based on the chemical shift perturbation data, the acylation of ACCP seems to affect the conformation of the long loop connecting helix I and helix II as well as the second short loop connecting helix II and helix III. The significant chemical shift change of Ile 54 upon acylation supports the contact of acyl chain and the second loop.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.334-341
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• 2005

Plants are sessile and rely on a wide variety of growth hormones to adjust growth and development in response to internal and external stimuli. We have identified a gene, designated NAN, encoding a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor that regulates cell elongation and seed germination in plants. NAN has an HLH motif in its C-terminal region but does not have any other discernible homologies to bHLH proteins. A bipartite nuclear localization signal is located close to the HLH motif. An Arabidopsis mutant, nan-1D, in which NAN is activated by the insertion of the 35S enhancer, exhibits growth retardation with short hypocotyls and curled leaves. It is also characterized by reduced seed germination and apical hook formation, symptomatic of GA deficiency or disrupted GA signaling. The phenotypic effects of nan-1D were increased by treatment with paclobutrazol (PAC), an inhibitor of gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis. NAN is constitutively expressed throughout the life cycle. Our observations indicate that NAN has a housekeeping role in plant growth and development, particularly in seed germination and cell elongation, and that it may modulate GA signaling.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2019

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of auricular acupressure on anxiety and sleep among patients undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer. Methods: A nonequivalent control group nonsynchronized design was employed. The experimental group received auricular acupressure on specific acupoints (shenmen, heart, kidney, subcortex), and the control group received auricular acupressure on helix 1, helix 2, helix 3, and helix 4 three times a day for three weeks. A total of 60 women were divided into an experimental (n=30) and control (n=30) group. Patient recruitment occurred between May and August 2019. The collected data were analyzed by a chi-square test, paired t-test, and independent t-tests using the SPSS 21.0 program. Results: There was a significant decrease in anxiety(t=4.61, p=<.001) and increase in sleep(t=3.81, p=<.001) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusions: The findings confirm that auricular acupressure is an effective nursing intervention to decrease anxiety felt by patients undergoing chemotherapy and to increase the quality of their sleep.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2021

High mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) is a highly conserved, non-histone, chromatin associated nuclear protein encoded by HMGB1 gene. HMGB1 proteins may be general co-factors in Hox-mediated transcriptional activation that facilitate the access of Hox proteins to specific DNA targets. It is unclear that the exact binding interface of Hoxc9DBD and HMGB1. To identify the interface and binding affinity of Hoxc9DBD and HMGB1 A-box, the paramagnetic probe, MTSL was used in NMR titration experiment. It is attached to the N-terminal end of HMGB1 A-box by reaction with thiol groups. The backbone assignment of HMGB1 A-box was achieved with 3D NMR techinques. The ¹⁵N-labeled HMGB1 A-box was titrated with MTSL-labeled Hoxc9DBD respectively. Based on the chemical shift changes we can identify the interacting residues and further map out the binding sites on the protein structure. The NMR titration result showed that the binding interface of HMGB1 A-box is around loop-1 between helix-1 and helix-2. In addition, the additional contacts were found in N- and C-terminus. The N-terminal arm region of Hoxc9DBD is the major binding region and the loop between helix1 and helix2 is the minor binding region.