• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 2017

Previous shape sensors including bend sensors and optic fiber based sensors are widely used in various applications including goniometer and surgical robots. But theses sensors have large nonlinearity, limited in the range of sensing curvature, and sometimes are expensive. This study suggests a new concept of bend sensor using cable-conduit which consists of the outer sheath and the inner wire. The outer sheath is made of helical coil whose length of the central line changes as the sheath bends. This length change of the central line can be measured with the length change of the inner cable. The modeling and the experimental results show that the output signal of the proposed sensor is linearly related with the bend angle of the sheath with root mean square error of 5.3% of $450^{\circ}$ sensing range. Also the polynomial calibration of the sensor can decrease the root mean square error to 2.1% of the full sensing range.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.314-319
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• 2011

The syndiotactic and atactic poly (2-N-carbazoylrnethyl) styrenes were obtained by a half-titanocene catalyst and a radical initiator for the investigation of photophysical properties, especially excimer formation. The atactic polymer exhibited only monomer emission, but the syndiotactic polymer showed both excimer emission and monomer emission resulting from the partial overlapping arrangement of carbazole pendants, The emission band of syndiotactic polymer was considerably dependent on solution concentration and temperature, however atactic polymer was independent because the excimer formation of syndiotactic helical conformation was more favorable than that of the random coil conformation of atactic polymer.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.347-360
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• 2013

This paper presents an experimental investigation of the small-break loss-of-coolant accident (SBLOCA) and the loss-of-feedwater accident (LOFW) in a scaled integral test facility of REX-10. REX-10 is a small integral-type PWR in which the coolant flow is driven by natural circulation, and the RCS is pressurized by the steam-gas pressurizer. The postulated accidents of REX-10 include the system depressurization initiated by the break of a nitrogen injection line connected to the steam-gas pressurizer and the complete loss of normal feedwater flow by the malfunction of control systems. The integral effect tests on SBLOCA and LOFW are conducted at the REX-10 Test Facility (RTF), a full-height full-pressure facility with reduced power by 1/50. The SBLOCA experiment is initiated by opening a flow passage out of the pressurizer vessel, and the LOFW experiment begins with the termination of the feedwater supply into the helical-coil steam generator. The experimental results reveal that the RTF can assure sufficient cooldown capability with the simulated PRHRS flow during these DBAs. In particular, the RTF exhibits faster pressurization during the LOFW test when employing the steam-gas pressurizer than the steam pressurizer. This experimental study can provide unique data to validate the thermal-hydraulic analysis code for REX-10.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 1998

We have synthesized a 17-residue peptide with the amino acid sequence RQMKEDAKGKSEEELAD corresponding to residues 84-100 of chicken skeletal troponin C. This stretch of the protein sequence is in the middle one-third of the 32-residue 9-turn α-helix that connects the two globular domains of the dumbell-shaped molecule and includes the D/E linker helix. We describe here the solution conformation of the helix linker as studied by circular dichroism (CD) and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2-D NMR) spectroscopy. The NOE connectivities together with the vicinal $^3J_{N{\alpha}}$ coupling constants suggest that the peptide exists in a fast conformational equilibrium among several secondary structure: a nascent helix near the N-terminus, a helix, and a substational population of extended and random coil forms. In addition, two interresidue α-α NOEs are observed suggesting a bent structure with a bend that includes the single glycine in position 92. These results are consistent with the ideas that in neutral solution the D/E linker region of the central helix in troponin C can adopt a helical conformation and the central helix may have a segmental flexibility around Gly 92.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.439-458
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• 2013

REX-10 is a fully-passive small modular reactor in which the coolant flow is driven by natural circulation, the RCS is pressurized by a steam-gas pressurizer, and the decay heat is removed by the PRHRS. To confirm design decisions and analyze the transient responses of an integral PWR such as REX-10, a thermal-hydraulic system code named TAPINS (Thermal-hydraulic Analysis Program for INtegral reactor System) is developed in this study. Based on a one-dimensional four-equation drift-flux model, TAPINS incorporates mathematical models for the core, the helical-coil steam generator, and the steam-gas pressurizer. The system of difference equations derived from the semi-implicit finite-difference scheme is numerically solved by the Newton Block Gauss Seidel (NBGS) method. TAPINS is characterized by applicability to transients with non-equilibrium effects, better prediction of the transient behavior of a pressurizer containing non-condensable gas, and code assessment by using the experimental data from the autonomous integral effect tests in the RTF (REX-10 Test Facility). Details on the hydrodynamic models as well as a part of validation results that reveal the features of TAPINS are presented in this paper.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.393-398
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• 2005

An electromechanical type is the most useful mechanism in the various pumping mechanisms. It, however, requires a movement converting system including a ball screw, a helical cam, or a solenoid-beam spring, which makes the device complex and may lessen reliability. Thus, the authors have hypothesized that an electromagnetic actuator mechanism can eliminate the movement converting system and that thereby enhance the mechanical reliability and operative simplicity of an electro­pneumatic pump. The purpose of this study was to show a novel application of electromagnetic actuator mechanism in pulsatile pump and to provide preliminary data for further evaluations. The electromagnetic actuator consists of stators with a single winding excitation coil and movers with a high energy density neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet. A 0.5mm diameter wire was used for the excitation coil, and 1000 turns were wound onto the stators core with parallel. A prototype of extracorporeal electro-pneumatic pump was constructed, and the pump performance tests were performed using a mock system to evaluate the efficiency of the electromagnetic actuator mechanism. When forward and backward electric currents were supplied to the excitation coil, the mover effectively moved back and forth. The nominal stroke length of the actuator was 10mm. The actuator dimension was 120mm in diameter and 65mm in height with a mass of 1.4kg. The prototype pump unit was 150mm in diameter, 150mm in thickness and 4.5kg in weight. The maximum force output was 70N at input current of 4.5A and the maximum pump rate was 150 beats per minute. The maximum output was 2.0 L/minute at a rate of 80bpm when the afterload was 100mmHg. The electromagnetic actuator mechanism was successfully applied to construct the prototype of extracorporeal electro­pneumatic pump. The authors provide the above results as a preliminary data for further studies.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.49-56
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• 2004

A heated and expanded helium is used to pressurize liquid propellants in propellant tanks of propulsion system of liquid propellant launch vehicles. To produce a heated and expanded helium, an hot-gas heat exchanger is used by utilizing heat source from an exhausted gas, which was generated in a gas generator to operate turbine of turbo-pump and dumped out through an exhaust duct of engine. Both experimental and numerical approaches of hot-gas heat exchanger design were conducted in the present study. Experimentally, siliconites - electrical resistance types - were used to simulate the full heat condition instead of an exhausted gas. Cryogenic heat exchangers, which were immersed in a liquid nitrogen pool, were used to feed cryogenic gaseous helium in a hot-gas heat exchanger. Numerical simulation was made using commercially utilized solver - Fluent V.6.0 - to validate experimental results. Helically coiled stainless steel pipe and stainless steel exhausted duct were consisted of tetrahedron unstructured mesh. Helium was a working fluid Inside helical heat coil and regarded as an ideal gas. Realizable k-』 turbulent modeling was adopted to take turbulent mixing effects in consideration. Comparisons between experimental results and numerical solutions are Presented. It is observed that a resulted hot-gas heat exchanger design is reliable based on the comparison of both results.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.246-251
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• 2016

This paper has optimized WPT (wireless power transfer) antenna, and compared EM (electromagnetic) simulation result with measurement for the magnetic resonant type standard of A4WP (alliance for wireless power) using 6.78MHz frequency and 1m distance. Power transmission distance is affected by various factors such as system shape, antenna size, and resonator coil pitch etc, which were confirmed by the EM simulation. By simulation an optimized WPT antenna was designed for a fixed distance, and the transmission loss ${\mid}S_{21}{\mid}$ has been calculated with changing distance. Measurement was carried for the fabricated antenna, and the measured transmission loss is 1.5dB with 70% efficiency at maximum 1.3m distance compared to the simulated loss of 1.6dB with 69% efficiency

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.699-708
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• 2000

To make compact evaporator, experiments that show characteristics of evaporating heat transfer and pressure drop in the helically coiled small diameter tube were taken in this research. The experiments were performed with HCFC-22 in the helically coiled small diameter tube; inner diameter=1.0(mm), tube length=2.0(m), and curvature diameter=31, 34, 46.2(mm). The experiments were also carried out with the following test conditions; saturation pressure=0.588(MPa), mass velocity=$150{\sim}500(kg/m^2s)$, and heat flux=$1{\sim}5(kW/m^2)$. The experiment results are that the empirical correlation to predict heat transfer coefficient for single phase flow in helically coiled small diameter tube was obtained. It was found that dry-out is occurred at low-quality region for evaporation heat transfer because of breaking of annular liquid film. The friction factor of single phase flow of helically coiled tube was agreed with Prandtl's correlation. Finally, It was proposed for correlation that can precisely predict the friction factor of two phase flow of helically coiled tube.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.33-39
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• 2003

Purpose : Be aware of clinical possibilities on image quality by comparison of contrast-enhanced dynamic CT and MR imaging applied of MIP technique after the experimentally induced clonorchasis infection in dogs. Materials and Method : Twenty mongrel dogs prepared in zoo-laboratory were followed up with serial CT scans and MR imaging for 13 weeks after the experimental infection in liver. Two-phase helical CT was acquired in the supine position with the following scanning parameters. After the injection of contrast material, the arterial phase was initiated using a bolus-racking method. The portal phase scan was started 15 seconds after the arterial phase scan. CT protocol was determined after single level dynamic scans. MR imaging used the CP body coil and images get a 2D image using HASTE, FLASH, TSE pulse sequence. Bile duct MR imaging were obtained in three plans. Then each image was post processed by using target MIP algorithm. Two experimentation above, as a method of evaluation, one pathologist, three radiologist and five radiological technologist were analyzed visually for evaluation of following findings, enhancement of the bile duct wall, dilatation of bile duct tip, liver parenchyma, background suppression. Results : Five dogs was died of a disease after the infection, the rest one else shows the chronic dilatation of the intrahepatic bile duct with CT and MR imaging. Contrast administration of CT shows the contrast-enhanced of the bile duct walls with live parenchyma. MR imaging calculated of CNR and CR from pulse sequence for comparative evaluation and shows the pattern of the intrahepatic bile duct, dilatation of bile duct tip using MIP technique. CNR of the clonorchiasis, HASTE was $16{\pm}0.83$, TSE $7.06{\pm}3.0$, FLASH $1.19{\pm}0.2$ and CR, HASTE was 73.3%, TSE 62.3%, FLASH 6.4%. Conclusion : CT and MR imaging is very usefulness in diagnosis of dog clonorchiasis.