• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.201-208
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• 1987

The effects of ginseng on the blood biochemical components of heavy metals poisoning in mice were examined and following results were obtained. Albumin was decreased slightly in the heavy metal administration groups. But Serum Calcium, Glucose were almost the same as that of control group during the period. Heavy metal poisoning mice showed low levels of serum Total protein and A/G ratio. They also showed high levels of serum GOT, GPT, BUN, Cholesterol, Creatinine and Triglycerides. However, the administration of ginseng significantly inhibited the elevation of them.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.168-171
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• 2001

Organobentonite modified with hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA) was used to quantify an adsorption of heavy metals. Based on preliminary experiments, optimal soil/solution ratio, a range of pH, and electrolyte were selected. Adsorption experiments of cadmium and lead were conducted to quantify an adsorption selectivity to bentonite and organobentonite. Adsorption of cadmium and lead to bentonite was increased with increasing a soil/solution ratio. Adsorption of cadmium and lead to bentonite was increased with increasing a soil/solution ratio. Adsorptions of heavy metal to organobentonite were slightly reduced relative to bentonite. This study used the principle of hard-soft-acid-base (HBAB) to interpretate an adsorption mechanism. Because of competition between cadmium and lead. adsorption of cadmium and lead was reduced in mixture of heavy metals. Adsorption selectivity.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 1981

In order to investigate water pollution of heavy metals in the Nagdong Estuary, samples were collected five times from August 1978 to April 1979 every other month, and analyzed for Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results showed no significant heavy metal pollution in most parts of the studied areas, except near the outfalls of the Sasang Industrial Complex. In general, the heavy metal contents were higher in the dry season than in the rainy season due to the dilution effect of river water flow. Distribution of heavy metals in the dissolved and the particulate fractions were also investigated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.431-434
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• 2003

Environmental pollution problems due to the wastes from various industrial facilities and activities have become a serious issue. The specific problem associated with heavy metals in the environment is their accumulation in the food chain and their persistence in nature. Present work investigates the possible uses of by-products for the removal of heavy metal ions. Heavy metals used in these studies were cadmium, lead and copper. Experiments were conducted with by-products such as oyster shell and fly ash to evaluate their sorption characteristics. The results of the study indicate that oyster shell can be properly used as an adsorbent for heavy metals because of its outstanding removal rate.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.110-119
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• 1994

The objective of the this study was to evaluate the effects of heavy metals on the sewage treatment process designed to remove organic material and nutrients using Water- hyacinth ( Eichhornia crassipes ). Batch experiments were carried out using domestic sewage spiked with different level of heavy metal mixtures ( Cd, Pb and Cu ). The specific growth rates of Water- hyacinth ranged from 0.0008 to 0.0015 1/day( operated at water temperatures of 22 ∼30$\circ $c ) and increased as the concentration of heavy metals decreased. The test result showed that the permissible maximum concentrations Cd, Pb and Cu for the growth of Water- hyacinth were 0.5, 1, and 6 mg/ℓ respectively. Under these maximum permissible heavy metal loads, removal rate of organic material, nitrogen and phosphorus were 85%,75% and 75% , respectively, during 40days of the test period.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.253-259
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• 2005

Mine is quickly decline, Nowadays, many of abandoned and closed mines. AMD is abandoned surface water by accumulated yellowboy and caused environmental pollution by amount of heavy metals. The aim of this study waste lime was mixed with the sediment to produce an aggregate far the purpose of neutralizing the acidity and stabilization the heavy metal in the aggregate structure .to pozzolan effect. The result of Waste lime and sediment mixed(5%, 10%, 20%)ration by curing days(3, 7, 38days), After 28 curing days as 5% mixed waste lime leaching solution concentration of all heavy metals is satisfied with regulation limit. Also, the result of fractionate heavy metals to stabilization as 28 curing days very decrease exchangeable and reducible type, and then increase carbonate type. With the above results, waste lime the most effective for the sediment treatment and useful for the recycling waste resource.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigated the contamination levels of harmful heavy metals were sampled from Aug. 1 to Aug. 31, 1997, at 9 areas in Cheonbuk area. The heavy metal contents were determinated by ICPS(Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometer) method. The levels of total lead, cadmium, aluminum, iron and copper were determined and the results were summarized as follows: The minimum and maximum values(ppm) of 9 areas of Carassius auratus were Pb: 2.03~6.19, Cd: 0.06~ 0.76, Al: 8.84~23.5, Zn: 10.68~48.71, Cu: 0.60~1.51ppm. Among the five heavy metals contents, the highest was zinc and the lowest was cadmium. The results showed that the contents of Pb, Cd, Al, Zn and Cu in Carassius auratus were lower than the FAO/WHO maximum allowance.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

Most of the herb residue producing from oriental medical clinics(OMC) and hospitals(OMH) is wasted in Korea. To develop of adsorbent for removing heavy metal from wastewater, the various pre-treatment methods of the herb residue were evaluated by potentiometric titration, Freundlich isotherm adsorption test and the kinetic adsorption test. The herb residue was pre-treated for increasing the adsorption capacity by cleaning with distilled water, 0.1 N HCl and 0.1 N NaOH and by heating at $370^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. It showed a typical weak acid-weak base titration curve and a short pH break like commercial activated carbon during photentiometric titration of pre-treated herb residue. The log-log plots in the Freundlich isotherm test were linear on the herb residue pre-treated with NaOH or HCl like commercial activated carbon. The adsorption capacity(qe) in the Freundlich isotherm test for $Cr^{6+}$ was 1.5 times higher in the pre-treated herb residue with HCl than in activated carbon. On the other hand the herb residue pre-treated with NaOH showed the good adsorption capacities for $Pb^{2+}$, $Cu^{2+}$ and $Cd^{2+}$ even though those adsorption capacities were lower than that of activated carbon. In kinetic test, most of heavy metals removed within the first 10 min of contact and then approached to equilibrium with increasing contact time. The removal rate of heavy metals increased with an increase of the amount of adsorbent. Likewise, the removal rates of heavy metals were higher in the herb residue pre-treated with NaOH than in that pre-treated with HCl. The adsorption preference of herb residues pre-treated with NaOH or HCl was $Pb^{2+}>Cu^{2+}$ or $Cd^{2+}>Cr^{6+}$ in the order. Conclusively, the herb residue can be used as an alternative adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals depending on pr-treatment methods.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.271-281
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• 2014

BACKGROUND: Application of the transfer functions derived from local soil data is necessary in order to develop proper management protocols for agricultural soils contaminated with heavy metals through phytoavailability control of the heavy metals. The aim of this study was to derive the transfer functions of Korean agricultural soils affected by the abandoned mining sites and evaluate suitability of the derived transfer functions. METHODS AND RESULTS: 142 agricultural soils affected by the abandoned mining sites were collected and analyzed. Two extraction methods, including 1 M $NH_4NO_3$ extraction and 0.01 M $Ca(NO_3)_2$ extraction were applied to determine phytoavailable metal pools in soils. Multiple stepwise regression of phytoavailable metal pools against the corresponding total metal concentration and soil properties was conducted to derive suitable transfer functions for estimating phytoavailable heavy metal pools. Applicability of the derived transfer functions was examined by calculating NME and NRMSE. CONCLUSION: Soil pH and organic matter were valid variables for derivation of the transfer functions which were applicable for estimating phytoavailable metal concentrations in the soils being contaminated by heavy metals. In addition, it was confirmed that transfer functions need to be developed based on local soil conditions to accurately estimate heavy metal-phytoavailability.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.491-495
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• 2014

Phytoremediation is a technology using plants and associated soil microbes to reduce the concentrations or toxic effects of contaminants in the environments. It is regarded as a cost-effective, efficient, eco-friendly, and solar-driven technology with good public acceptance. This study was conducted to find the plants accumulating heavy metals in soils contaminated with Cd and Pb. Experimental plots (plot size: $0.81m^2$) was artificially contaminated using a contaminated soil collected from a field in vicinity of Wondong mine (WD). Sunflower, corn and castor were tested for their potential to remove heavy metals from the contaminated soils. The results indicated that sunflower was most effective in accumulating heavy metals and thus remedying the soils among the three crops. Dry weight and heavy metal uptake of sunflower shoot differed with growth period. For example, the Cd content of shoots including leaf and stem were 0.31mg, 2.23 mg, and 0.96 mg per plot at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after planting in Cd4-WD treatment; in addition, the dry weight of the shoots in Cd8-WD treatment was reduced due to heavy metal toxicity. This experiment showed that sunflower absorbed Cd, Pb and Zn in their shoots up to 8 weeks of planting; thereafter heavy metals uptake was diminished. This implies that the efficiency of these plants in cleaning the contaminated soils may be high at the early stage of plant growth.