• 제목/요약/키워드: Heavy-metal

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게 껍질을 이용한 수중의 복합 중금속 제거에 관한 연구 (A study on the removal of mixed heavy metal ions using crab shell)

  • 김동석
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제11권7호
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    • pp.729-735
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    • 2002
  • In order to examine the inhibition effect of other heavy metal ions on the removal of heavy metal ions by crab shell in aqueous solution, 10 heavy metal ions $(Cr^{3+},\;Cd^{2+},\;Ni^{2+},\;Zn^{2+},\;Hg^{2+},\;Cu^{2+},\;Mn^{2+],\;Fe^{2+},\;Fe^{3+},\;Pb^{2+})$ were used as single heavy metal ions and mixed heavy metal ions, respectively. In single heavy metal ions, $Pb^{2+},\;Cr^{3+},\;Cu^{2+}$ were well removed by crab shell, however, $Cd^{2+},\;Ni^{2+},\;Zn^{2+},\;Mn^{2+}$ were not. The heavy metal removal increased as the increase of covalent index (Xm$^2$r), and the relationship classified heavy metal ions as 2 heavy metal groups $(Fe^{3+},\;Fe^{2+},\;Cu^{2+},\; Cr^{3+},\;Mn^{2+},\;Ni^{2+},\;Zn^{2+}\;group\;and\;Pb^{2+},\;Hg^{2+},\;Cd^{2+}\;group)$. In mixed heavy metal ions, the removals of $Fe^{2+},\;Fe^{3+},\;Pb^{2+},\;Cu^{2+}$ as 0.49 m㏖/g, regardless of the existence of other heavy metal ions, were similar to the result of single heavy metal ions experiment. The removals of $Mn^{2+},\;Cd^{2+},\;Ni^{2+}$ decreased as the existence of other heavy metal ions, however, the removal of $Zn^{2+},\;Cr^{3+},\;Hg^{2+}$ increased.

Availability of Carboxylated Magnetic Beads for Extracting Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution

  • So, Hyung-Suk;Yoo, Yeong-Seok;Schaeffer Andreas
    • Journal of Magnetics
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.98-102
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    • 2006
  • It was examined in this study that magnetic beads, which are assumed to be environmentally functional, could be effective in processing heavy metals that are water pollutants. For the purpose, magnetic beads containing carboxyl groups, which has strong binding force with heavy metals, are mixed with each Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu and Cr(III) solution, then stirred in pH 6. As a results of the process, it was proven that heavy metals bind quickly with magnetic beads through the reaction. In order to analyze heavy metal concentration, magnetic beads bind with heavy metal were collected by external magnetic force and dissolved in acid. The graphite furnace AAS was used to get heavy metal concentration melted in the acid solution. The results showed that heavy metal extractions by magnetic beads were influenced by the type and the concentration of a heavy metal, and over 90% of a heavy metal can be extracted in ppm level save for Cr(III). It was also examined in the study whether heavy metal extraction is influenced when other ions exist in each heavy metal solution. According to experiment, adding other heavy metals to a solution did have little influence on extracting an intended heavy metal. But in case salt or heavy metal chelate was added, Ni extraction changed sensitively although extracting other heavy metals were influenced only when the concentration of an added substance is high. In conclusion, it was shown that magnetic beads could be used to treat wastewater with relatively high heavy metal concentration.

한강유역 주요지천의 저질내 중금속 분포 (Characteristics of Heavy Metal Distribution in Bottom Sdeiments of Tributaries of the Han River)

  • 허준무;박종안
    • 환경위생공학
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.71-79
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    • 1999
  • The Hg, Cd, Cu, Mn, and Zn in bottom sediments of han river and their tributaries were analyzed to evaluate the seasonal variations of heavy metals. Leaching tests were also performed for estimation of availability of heavy metal retention in sediments. Sediments of Anyang stream showed the highest concentration of heavy metal in the sediment samples. Heavy metal concentration was heavily depended upon the heavy metal source of tributaries of han river and particle distribution. Clay and silt had higher concentration of heavy metals than very fine san and fine sand due to difference of retention capability of heavy metal. The highest concentration of heavy metal was observed in bottom sediments irrespective of sites investigated. Heavy metals and ignition loss showed positive relations, and higher relationships with p-value <0.01 were observed between copper and lead. copper and zinc, and depended on the pH condition of leaching test, and leachated fraction increased with decrease of the pH.

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중금속으로 오염된 토양에서 분리한 중금속 내성 미생물의 수용액내 중금속 흡착 (Biosorption of Heavy Metal in Aqueous Solution by Heavy Metal Tolerant Microorganism Isolated from Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil)

  • 김성은;최익원;서동철;한명훈;강병화;허종수;손보균;조주식
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.379-385
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    • 2005
  • 중금속으로 오염된 폐수를 처리하기 위하여 다양한 처리 방법들이 제시되고 있으나, 최근에는 미생물을 이용한 중금속 처리 방법에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 따라서 중금속으로 오염된 토양에서 중금속에 대하여 강한 내성과 우수한 생물흡착능력을 동시에 가지고 있는 미생물 CPB를 분리하여 중금속에 대한 내성, 흡착 능력 및 흡착의 최적조건을 조사하였다. 중금속에 대한 내성은 전체적으로 $400mg{\ell}^{-1}$ 이상의 농도에서도 높은 내성을 보였으며, 생장 저해도는 단일 중금속 보다 중금속이 복합으로 존재 할 경우 더 크게 나타났다. 중금속 흡착 능력은 Pb>Cd>Cu>Zn의 순으로 흡착 능력이 나타났다. 외형적 흡착형태는 중금속의 종류에 따라 세포 표면 및 세포 막 부근에 electron dense particles들이 형성되었으며, 이는 EDS 분석을 통하여 중금속 화합물인 것으로 확인되었다. 중금속을 흡착하는데 있어 전반적인 최적 pH는 $5{\sim}7$범위였고, 최적 온도는 $25{\sim}35^{\circ}C$이다.

중금속내성균의 중금속 축적에 미치는 외부요인의 영향 (Effect of External Factors on Heavy Metal Accumulation in the Cell of Heavy Metal-Tolerant Microorganisms)

  • 조주식;이홍재;이원규;허종수
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.124-129
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    • 1997
  • 중금속오염폐수처리에 미생물 이용 가능성을 검토하기 위하여 중금속에 강한 내성을 지님과 동시에 균체내 중금속 축적능력이 우수한 중금속 내성균을 분리하여 온도, pH, 및 균체 전배양시간 등과 같은 외부 요인에 따른 균체내 중금속 축적변화를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 중금속화하물 종류에 따른 균체내 중금속 축적량은 $-nitrate(NO_3)$ group을 가진 중금속화합물에서 약간 높았으나 화합물 종류에 따라서 큰 차이는 없었다. 균체 전배양시간에 따른 중금속 축적은 24시간 전배양한 균체에서 높게 나타났으나 전반적으로 전배양시간에 따라서 큰 차이는 없었다. 중금속 내성균의 균체내 중금속 축적은 온도, pH등 외부환경요인에 영향을 받았으며, 중금속 내성균의 중금속 최적축적 온도는 전반적으로 $20{\sim}37^{\circ}C$ 범위였고, 중금속 최적축적 pH는 전반적으로 $6{\sim}8$ 범위였다. 중금속을 처리한 용액중 중금속 내성균의 균체량을 증가시킬수록 균체내 축적된 총 중금속양은 증가되었으나 균체 단위 g당 중금속 축적량은 감소되었으며, 균체량의 증가에 비례해서 중금속 축적량이 증가되지는 않았다.

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실내 대기환경과 중금속농도의 분포특성에 관한 연구 - 학교 환경의 중금속농도 (A Study on the Characteristics of Heavy Metal Concentration and Indoor Atmospheric Environments ; Heavy Metal Concentration in School Environments)

  • 박종길;장난심
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제6권5호
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    • pp.451-459
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    • 1997
  • This paper alms to describe the indoor-outdoor air quality in school environment through the analyses of heavy metal concentration by inductively Coupled Plasma(ICPI, which were observed at some school environment, such as traffic area, industrial area seme-industrial area, and residence area. The results are as follows : (1) Regardless Indoor and outdoor, the area with the highest concentration of heavy metal is industrial area followed by traffic area, residence area and semi-industrial area in descending order of magnitude. And the heavy metal concentration of indoor is higher than that of outdoor. (2) The main heavy metal components with more high level concentration of Indoor than those of outdoor are Zn, Al, Ca and these heavy metal concentrations are higher in class than In corridor and outdoor.

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천연 및 전처리 제올라이트에 의한 2가 중금속 이온 제거능의 비교.검토 (Comparions of Removal Performances of Divalent Heavy Metals by Natural and Pretreated Zeolites)

  • 감상규;김덕수;이민규
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제8권3호
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    • pp.399-409
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    • 1999
  • The three domestic natural zeolites(Yong dong-ri (Y), Daesin-ri (D), Seogdong-ri (S)) harvested in Kyeongju-shi and Pohang-shi, Kyungsangbug-Do, were pretreatd with each of the NaOH, $Ca(OH)_2$ and NaOH following HCl solutions, and the removal performances of divalent haevy metals(Cu, Mn, Pb, and Sr) for natural and pretreated zeolites were investigated and compared in the single and mixed solutions. The natural zeolite-heavy metal system attained the final equilibrium plateau within 20 min, irrespective of initial heavy metal concentration. The heavy metal uptakes increased with increasing initial heavy metal concentration and pH. The heavy metal uptakes for natural zeolites decreased in the following sequences : D>Y>S among the natural zeolites; Pb>Cu>Sr>Mn among the heavy metals. The pretreated zeolites showed higher heavy metal removal performances than natural zeolites and decreased in the order of NaOH, NaOH following HCl, $Ca(OH)_2$ treatment among the pretreatment methods. The heavy metal ion exchange capacity by natural and pretreated zeolites was described either by Freundlich equation or Langmuir equation, but it followed the former better than the latter. The heavy metal uptakes for natural zeolites decreased in the mixed solution, in comparing with those in the single solution and especially, the manganese uptake decreased greatly in the mixed solution. The pretreated zeolites showed the improved removal performances of heavy metals in the mixed solution than in the single solution and the heavy metal uptakes by those in the mixed solution showed the same trends in the single solution among the chemical treatment methods and heavy metals.

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DSP 시멘트를 이용한 중금속 이온의 고화 (The Solidification of the Heavy Metal Ion by Using DSP Cement)

  • 소정섭;최상홀
    • 한국세라믹학회지
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    • 제33권8호
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    • pp.889-894
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    • 1996
  • This study was subjected to the stabilization of heavy metals using DSp cement. Heavy metal Cr and Pb ions were mixed with cement paste and hydration behavior and leaching property by heavy metal were exami-ned. It was found that, Cr ion accelerated the early hydration of the cement and has no accelerating effect in later hydration period. However Pb ion retarded the hydration of the cement for a early hydration periods. As a result of leaching test the quantity of leachant has a very low value and the influence of leached heavy metal effected on the environments is very weak.

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Saccharomyces uvarum에 의한 중금속 생체흡착에 관한 연구 (Biosorption of Heavy Metals by Saccharomyces uvarum)

  • 안갑환;서근학
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제4권5호
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    • pp.141-141
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    • 1995
  • The waste biomass of Sacchromyces uvarum, used in fermentation industries to produce ethanol, were studied for their ability to absorb various heavy metal ions. Heavy metal ions studied in this research were Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb. The order of the sorption capacity was Pb>Cu>Co=Cr=Cd>Ni. The living Sacchromyces uvarum exhibited higher metal-uptake capacity than the dead Sacchromyces uvarum. After we compare the uptake capacity of the Sacchromyces uvarum for individual metal ions with for a mixture of them, the following was observed: in the mixed heavy metal solution the uptake capacity was decreased than the one heavy metal solution. The selective uptake was observed when all . the heavy metal ions were dissolved in a mixed solution. The adsorption isotherm modelling was decribed with the Langmuir and Freundlich model. The results were in good agreement with the Langmuir model.

Saccharomyces uvarum에 의한 중금속 생체흡착에 관한 연구 (Biosorption of Heavy Metals by Saccharomyces uvarum)

  • 안갑환;서근학
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제4권5호
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    • pp.527-534
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    • 1995
  • The waste biomass of Sacchromyces uvarum, used in fermentation industries to produce ethanol, were studied for their ability to absorb various heavy metal ions. Heavy metal ions studied in this research were Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb. The order of the sorption capacity was Pb>Cu>Co=Cr=Cd>Ni. The living Sacchromyces uvarum exhibited higher metal-uptake capacity than the dead Sacchromyces uvarum. After we compare the uptake capacity of the Sacchromyces uvarum for individual metal ions with for a mixture of them, the following was observed: in the mixed heavy metal solution the uptake capacity was decreased than the one heavy metal solution. The selective uptake was observed when all . the heavy metal ions were dissolved in a mixed solution. The adsorption isotherm modelling was decribed with the Langmuir and Freundlich model. The results were in good agreement with the Langmuir model.

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