• 자원환경지질
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2000

Sorption characteristics of Pb, Cu, Cd, and Zn onto Ca- and Na-bentonites were investigated by the batch experiments in the condition of various pHs and concentrations of groundwater major anions (${So_4}^{2-}$ and ($HCO_3$), which can form a complex with heavy metals. The sorption removal of heavy metals steadily increases as pH increases. The sorption capability about heavy metals of both Ca-bentonite and Na-bentonite is in the order of Pb>Cu>Zn>Cd. The effect of pH and selectivity of heavy metals of bentonites were explained by the change of surface charge of bentonite and the speciation of heavy metals. Na-bentonite has a little higher sorption ability about heavy metals than that of Ca-bentonite. A high sorption removal of Pb in 0.1M sulfate solution may be attributed to the precipitation of $PbSo_4$(anglesite). However, sulfate has a slight effect on the sorption of CU, Cd and Zn. More than 99% of heavy metals were removed from the 0.1 M bicarbonate solution. However, the efficiency of sorption removal of heavy metals highly decreases in the bicarbonate solution of $10^{-2}$M to $10^{-4}$M. The speciation and saturation index calculated by the WATEQ4F program indicate that the sorption of anionic complexes such as ${Pb(CO_3)_2}^{2-}$, ${Cd(CO_3)_2}^{2-}$, ${Zn(CO_3)_2}^{2-}$, ${Cu(CO_3)_2}^{2-}$ and the precipitation of the solid phases such as $PbCO_3$(cerrusite), $ZnCO_3$(smithsonite), $CdCO_3$(obtavite) are involved in sorption removal of heavy metals in bicarbonate solution. The sorption capability about heavy metals of bentonites in the presence of anions shows the following order: Pb>Cu Cd>Zn.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.787-798
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 폐광산지역에서 발생되는 폐기물인 광미를 대상으로 토양세척공정을 이용하여 다양한 세척용매와 농도, 그리고 추출시간에 따른 중금속의 추출특성을 파악하였다. 세척용매로는 물, HCl(0.1, 0.3, 1.0 N), EDTA(0.01, 0.05, 0.1 M), SDS(0.1, 0.5, 1.0%)를 이용하였다. 그 결과, 물과 SDS 용매에서 Zn과 Cd이 Pb과 Cu보다 높은 추출효율을 보였지만, 전체적으로는 1%이하로 중금속의 추출에 효과적이지 못하였다. 그러나, SDS에서 Pb과 Cu의 추출효율은 추출시간이 길어질수록 증가하였다. HCl과 EDTA를 이용한 중금속의 추출은 물과 SDS보다 빠른 추출경향을 보였고, 대부분의 중금속이 6시간 이내에 추출되었으며 용매의 농도와 무관하였다. 6시간 이후에는 느린 추출경향을 보였지만 세척용매의 농도에 따라 좌우되었다. 또한, 용매의 농도가 증가할수록 추출경향은 빨라졌고, 추출 효율도 증가하였다. 추출효율은 1.0 N HCl에서 Cd>Pb>Zn>Cu로, 0.1M EDTA에서 Pb>Cd>Zn>Cu 순으로 높았다. 농도증가에 따른 추출효과는 HCl에서 Pb이, EDTA에서 Pb과 Cd이 가장 컸으며, 중금속제거를 위한 6시간이상의 추출은 비효과적이었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.409-416
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• 1994

This study was Performed to evaluate the contents of heavy metals in water, sediment and soil of the 7 different sampling points along the West Nakdong river, The results were as follows: the concentrations of Zn, p, Pb, Cd, Mn, Cu and As in the sediment were 197.48, 551.85, 67.01, 2.54, 491.39, 42.95 and 10.52ppm, respectively. The concentrations of Zn, p, Pb, Cd, Mn, Cu and As in the soil was 83.32, 482.89, 17.15, 1.02, 226.02, 26.15 and 7.29ppm, respectively. The concentration ratios of heavy metals In the water to the sediment were 593 - 12700 (Cd >> Cu > Zn > Mn > As > Pb) and that of the water to the soil were 152 - 5100 (Cu > Cd > Zn > Mn > As >Pb). The correlation coefficients of Cu and Pb weve high among the water, sediment and soil. Because the accumulation amounts of heavy metal in the sediment were high, the concentration of heavy metals in the sediment was higher than in soil. The correlation coefficient of heavy metals among water, sediment and soil was high (0.79 - 0.95). Key Words Distribution Characteristics, heavy metals, West Nakdong River.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제87권4호
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• pp.584-589
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• 1998

대기중의 오염물질의 영향에 의한 산림내 강우와 토양의 중금속 분석을 공단지역, 도시지역, 일반지역으로 구분하여, 강우와 토양 중금속의 관련성을 평가하기 위한 목적으로 수행하였다. 해송림과 참나무림에 있어서 임의우, 수관통과우, 수간류의 중금속 함량은 공단지역이 Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd 순이었고, 도시지역이 Zn>Pb>Cu>Cd 순으로 분석되었다. 공단지역은 모든 중금속이 높게 검출되었고, 강우별로 수간류에서 높게 조사되었다. 수간으로부터 거리별 토양의 중금속은 수간으로부터 20cm 이내의 토양에서 가장 높았고, 지역별로 공단지역이 Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd 순이었고, 도시지역은 Zn>Pb>Cu>Cd 순으로 검출되었다. 강우와 토양의 성분은 정의 상관이었고, 회귀식은 Zn이 Y=7.79+4.78X($r=0.8685^{**}$), Pb은 Y=7.90+4.53X($r=0.7242^*$)였고, 그리고 Cu는 Y=3.89+3.91X($r=0.8658^{**}$)로 추정되었다.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• 제10권S_3호
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• pp.139-148
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• 2001

Heavy metals such as Cu, Ni, Cd, and Pb were chemically extract from the contaminated soils using the chelating agents, EDTA and DTPA. These chemical extraction have been focused on its applicability to a wide range of soils. Results of extractive efficiency for heavy metal follow the order : Cu-EDTA $\geq$ Ni-EDTA > Pb-EDTA > Cd-EDTA > Cu-DTPA> Pb-DTPA. This result is coincided with order of conditional formation constants(Kr) of metal-chelate agent. The second study involved the recovery of the metals and EDTA from complex solutions by an electromembrane process. The overall processes of regeneration, recovery, and reuse were evaluated. The electrochemical studies showed that copper could be chosen as an electrode to plate Cd, Cu, and Pb. At least 95% of 75 of EDTA and associated Cu or Pb could be recovered by the electromembrane process. Recovery of Cd by electodeposition was not possible with the copper electrode. The percent EDTA recovery is equal to the percentage of metal electroplated from the chelates.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.275-281
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• 1996

중금속으로 오염된 토양에 콩을 재배하였을 때 토양 중 중금속함량이 콩의 생육 및 중금속흡수에 미치는 영향을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 중금속 오염지역의 콩 생육은 현저히 불량하였고, 토양 중 중금속함량도 월등히 많았다. 2. 중금속 오염지역내에 재배되고 있는 작물별 잎중의 Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, As 등 중금속함량은 콩에서 가장 많았고 다음은 옥수수, 벼 순이었다. 3. 콩의 부위별 중금속함량은 Pb외에 줄기보다 잎에서 많았으며, 원소별로는 Zn > As > Cd > Cu > Pb순이었다. 4. 콩 생육과 토양 중 Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, As함량과는 유의한 부의 상관이 인정되었다. 5. 토양 중 Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, As함량과 콩잎의 Zn, Cd, As함량과 콩줄기의 Pb, Cd, As함량과는 고도의 유의성이 있는것으로 보아 중금속 오염지에서는 식물체에 흡수 축적되는 것으로 생각되었다.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2007년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.27-33
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• 2007

진해만 표층수 중의 중금속은 육지에 가까운 정점에서 높은 분포를 나타내었으며, 이들의 분포에는 조사 해역의 염분에 근거한 물리적 혼합은 크게 작용하지 않았다. 그리고 Pb은 제외한 다른 중금속은 과거와 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 표층 퇴적물의 중금속 함량은 거제도 혹은 가덕도에 인접한 정점에서 높게 나타났으며, 이들 해역의 Zn, Cu 와 Pb 함량은 과거에 비해 약간 상승하여 인위적인 영향이 있는 것으로 판단된다. Hg과 Pb을 제외한 중금속은 상호간에 양호한 상관성을 보였으며, Co, Ni, Zn, Cu, As와 Cd 는 IL 및 COD와도 좋은 상관성을 보였다. 농축계수는 As>Cd>Pb>Zn>Co>Cu>Hg>Ni의 순이었으며, As, Cd, Pb, Zn 은 1이상이었다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.299-302
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• 2010

This study was conducted to determine the content of heavy metals in meats available on the Korean markets. Trace metals (Pb, As and Cd) were detected in 4 kinds, 172 samples by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The values of heavy metals in meats were as follows; In beef, mean (minimum~maximum) values of the heavy metals were Pb: 0.075 (0.020~0.190)mg/kg, As: 0.010 (0.001~0.050)mg/kg and Cd: 0.43(0.07~2.11)${\mu}g/kg$. In pork, mean (minimum~maximum) values of the heavy metals were Pb: 0.065 (0.012~0.171)mg/kg, As: 0.004 (ND~0.021)mg/kg and Cd: 0.43(0.08~1.09)${\mu}g/kg$. In chiken, mean (minimum~maximum) values of the heavy metals were Pb: 0.060(0.016~0.211)mg/kg, As: 0.008 (ND~0.042)mg/kg and Cd: 0.42 (0.02~3.80)${\mu}g/kg$. In duck, mean (minimum~maximum) values of the heavy metals were Pb: 0.070 (0.011~0.157)mg/kg, As: 0.005 (0.001~0.011)mg/kg and Cd: 0.87 (0.15~3.75)${\mu}g/kg$. This results will be used as a basic data for the future legislation on the regulation and control of heavy metal in meats.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.177-189
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• 2013

Studies were carried out on the speciation of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni, Pb, Cd, and Cr) during rotary drum composting of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) for a period of 20 days. Five different proportions of cattle manure, water hyacinth and sawdust were prepared for composting. This study concluded that, rotary drum was very efficient for the degradation of organic matter as well as for the reduction of mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals during water hyacinth composting. The results from the sequential extraction procedure of heavy metals shows that rotary drum composting changed the distribution of five fractions of Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni, Pb, Cd, and Cr. The highest reduction in the bioavailability factors of Pb and Cd was observed during the process. The total concentration of Cu, Cr, and Cd was very low compared to the other metals (Zn, Mn, Fe, Ni, and Pb); however, the percentage of exchangeable and carbonate fractions of these metals was similar to other metals. These results confirmed that the bioavailability of metals does not depend on the total concentration of metals. From this study, it can be concluded that the addition of an appropriate proportion of cattle manure significantly reduced the mobile and easily available fractions (exchangeable and carbonate fractions) during water hyacinth composting in rotary drum.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigate the contents of the heavy metals such as cadmium(Cd), copper(Cu), iron(Fe), lead(Pb) and zinc(Zn) in meat and meat products. For this experiment, each 20 samples of beef and pork were collected at slaughterhouse in Seoul areas and 45 samples of meat products(ham, sausage, processed meat and seasoned meat) were purchased from commercial food markets. The contents of the heavy metals was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry from Jan. to Nov. In 1998. The results obtained were summarized as follows ; 1. In Korean native beef, mean values of the heavy metals(mg/kg) were Pb : 0.14$\pm$0.10, Cd : 0.07$\pm$0.02, Cu : 1.73$\pm$0.95, Zn : 42.82$\pm$8.17 and Fe : 67.43$\pm$24.18, respectively. 2. In imported beef, mean values of the heavy metals(mg/kg) were Pb : 0.03$\pm$0.08, Cd : 0.06$\pm$0.02, Cu : 1.41$\pm$0.62, Zn : 42.93$\pm$4.95 and Fe : 40.06$\pm$12.77, respectively. 3. In pork, mean values of the heavy metals(mg/kg) were Pb : not detected, Cd : 0.09$\pm$0.02, Cu : 1.08$\pm$0.23, Zn : 19.49$\pm$6.02 and Fe : 30.21$\pm$10.51, respectively. 4. In ham, mean values of the heavy metals(mg/kg) were Pb : trace, Cd : trace, Cu . 1.19$\pm$0.46, Zn : 13.58$\pm$4.99 and Fe : 31.43$\pm$11.74, respectively. 5. In sausage, mean values of the heavy metals(mg/kg) were Pb : 0.15$\pm$0.34, Cd : 0.08$\pm$0.05, Cu : 1.15$\pm$0.46, Zn : 13.70$\pm$7.13 and Fe . 27.28$\pm$15.05, respectively. 6. In processed meat, mean values of the heavy metals(mg/kg) were Pb : 0.08$\pm$0.13, Cd : 0.09$\pm$0.04, Cu : 1.28$\pm$0.60, Zn : 14.72$\pm$7.09 and Fe : 24.04$\pm$10.33, respectively. 7 In seasoned meat, mean values of the heavy metals(mg/kg) were Pb : 1.05$\pm$2.21, Cd : 0.13$\pm$0.03, Cu : 1.06$\pm$0.16, Zn : 17.53$\pm$8.72 and Fe : 26.76$\pm$9.02, respectively.