• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2015

Induction bending is a method that allows the bending of any material that conducts electricity. This technology applies a bending force to a material that has been locally heated by an eddy current induced by a fluctuating electromagnetic field. Induction bending uses an inductor to locally heat steel through induction. This results in a narrow heat band in the shape to be bent. In general, the reduction of thickness attenuation of a large-diameter steel pipe is not allowed to exceed 12.5%. In this paper, in order to meet the standard of thickness attenuation reduction, a non-uniform heating temperature jump-bending process was investigated. As a result, the developed bending technique meets the requirements of thickness attenuation reduction for large-diameter steel pipes.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2024

In this paper, as there are many cases of fires occurring due to the failure or inoperability of the thermostat of electronic products, the purpose is to test and analyze the risks and probabilities through fire cases and reproduction experiments, and suggest countermeasures. Among electronic products, water purifiers are composed of a refrigerant system with a compressor to make cold water, a heating device to make hot water, and an electric device used as an energy source. Due to the nature of the water purifier manufacturing, these devices are subject to a lot of moisture and dust. etc. exist in large quantities and use electrical energy, so there is a possibility of fire due to short circuit in the wire, electrical abnormal overheating (tracking phenomenon) in the thermostat, electronic board, starting relay, etc., and overheating of the heating device (Band Heater). there is. Therefore, in order to prevent fires from these devices, a system to remove foreign substances inside the water purifier is necessary, the use of heat-resistant (fire-resistant) wires for electrical devices is essential, and the use of non-combustible materials (semi-combustible materials) for each part is necessary to prevent fire. The risk must be eliminated through prevention and combustion expansion prevention devices.

• 에너지공학
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.355-361
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 하수슬러지를 이용하여 높은 에너지 밀도와 균일한 품질의 고형연료 생산을 위해 반탄화 기술을 적용하여 반탄화 생성물의 특성과 에너지원으로서의 가치를 확인하였다. 운전인자로 반응온 도($150-230^{\circ}C$)와 반응시간(10-60분)을 달리한 결과, 반응온도가 높고, 반응시간이 길어질수록 반탄화 생성물의 수분함량은 감소하고, 발열량은 증가하였다. 또한 반응온도 조건의 상승과 함께 탄소의 함량 이 초기 시료(하수슬러지 탈수케이크) 대비 최대 60%까지 증가하였고, 산소와 수소의 함량은 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 특히 반응온도 $210^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 반응시간에 관계없이 평균 발열량 약 4,818 kcal/kg를 나타내었으며, 연료비, 석탄밴드 분석 결과 H/C와 O/C의 원자수비가 낮아져 반탄화를 통해 저등급 석탄에 가까운 연료등급으로 개선되었음을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.125-133
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• 1988

The thermal degradation of polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) blend namely polymethyl methacrylate-polycarbonate(PMMA-PC) blend and polymethyl methacrylate-polystyrene(PMMA-PS) blend were carried out by isothermal method under air at several heating temperature from 220 to $270^{\circ}C$. Molecular weight changes during the thermal decomposition were monitored by means of the viscosity average molecular weight($\bar{M}v$). The viscosity average molecular weight was determined by Gel Permeation Chromatography(GPC). The dominant process in the degradation of PMMA-PC and PMMA-PS blend were main chain scission randomly due to weak links that may be distributed along the polymer backbone and the initial rate which the bonds are broken is not sustained. The infra-red spectra of degraded PMMA-PS blend show that the presence of aromatic ketone band at $1685cm^{-1}$. However, the infra-red spectra of degraded PMMA-PC blend show that the presence of hydroperoxide band at $3450cm^{-1}$. Thus indicating that the weak links are attacked by oxygen from the air and produce hydroperoxide or ketone. The activation energies of PMMA-PC blend and PMMA-PS blend were 18.2 and 17.9 Kcal/mol, respectively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.2207-2211
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• 2011

Colloidal cadmium telluride (CdTe) quantum dots (QDs) and their nanoparticles have been synthesized by one pot sonochemical reactions under multibubble sonoluminescence (MBSL) conditions, which are quite mild and facile compared to other typical high temperature solution-based methods. For a typical reaction, $CdCl_2$ and tellurium powder with hexadecylamine and trioctylphosphine/trioctylphosphineoxide (TOP/TOPO) as a dispersant were sonicated in toluene solvent at 20 KHz and a power of 220W for 5-40 min at 60 $^{\circ}C$. The sizes of CdTe particles, in a very wide size range from 2 nm-30 ${\mu}m$, were controllable by varying the sonicating and thermal heating conditions. The prepared CdTe QDs show different colors from pale yellow to dark brown and corresponding photoluminescence properties due mainly to the quantum confinement effect. The CdTe nanoparticles of about 20 nm in average were found to have band gap of 1.53 eV, which is the most optimally matched band gap to solar spectrum.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.724-729
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• 1998

To develop a large scale countercurrent single pass heat exchanger for continuous transportation and sterilization of soybean paste, microflora and color value of sterilized soybean paste were examined at various sterile condition. Aerobes, anaerobes, molds, yeasts and lactic acid bacteria were 5.1 x 107 CFU/g, 7.1 x 107 CFU/g, 2.6 x 105 CFU/g, 4.3 x 106 CFU/g, 1.3 x 107 CFU/g, respectively in raw soybean paste. In gold band ampoule test, aerobes and anaerobes of soybean paste were viable up to 90$^{\circ}C$, but become unviable at 100$^{\circ}C$. Molds decreased rapidly and yeasts decreased slowly from 70$^{\circ}C$. Lactic acid bacteria were unviable at 60$^{\circ}C$ within 10 min. In color test, Hunter L, a, and b values of soybean paste were 50.2, +5.6, and +17.8, respectively. After heating in polyethylene film bag at 80$^{\circ}C$, Hunter values were not so much changed and become 50.2, +4.7, and +19.7, respectively. The micorflora and color of soybean paste sterilized in a large scale heat exchanger system resulted in very similar to those of gold band ampoule and polyethylene film bag by effective heat transfer.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.135-141
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• 1990

레이저로 가열된 두께 160$\mu\textrm{m}$의 얇은 Si의 비선형 광학적 성질을 들띄움-탐사방법(pump-probe method)으로 조사하였다. 펄스폭은 180$\mu$sec이고 $TEM_{00}$-mode의 맥동형 Nd-YAG 레이저로 Si을 가열하였고, 발생하는 온도증가는 Si의 band gap 근처의 파장을 갖는 탐사광의 투과도변화를 관찰하여 측정하였다. Si의 온도상승은 입사된 레이저 광도에 비례함을 알 수 있었고, 실험상 최대 광대 25KW/$\textrm{cm}^2$의 레이저 빛살입사에 의해 $16^{\circ}C$의 온도상승을 관찰하였다. 이 결과로부터 Nd:YAG 레이저 파장에서의 온도변화에 따른 Sㅑ의 3차 비선형 광학계수 $\chi{(3)}$은 $6.6\times10^{-5}$로 산출되었다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.400-409
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• 2017

고주파 대역에서 삽입 손실을 최소화 하면서 고출력을 견딜 수 있는 결합기에 대해서 연구하였다. 특히, Ku 대역 이상에서는 단위소자 당 낼 수 있는 출력 전력이 저주파 대역에 비해 매우 낮기 때문에, 고출력 SSPA를 만들기 위해서는 많은 반도체 소자를 결합해야만 한다. 마이크로스트립과 같은 평면 결합기는 결합하는 소자의 개수가 증가하면 비례적으로 삽입 손실이 증가하여 전체 시스템 효율이 떨어지고 발열량도 높아지게 된다. 또한 평면 결합기는 낮은 전력 내구성에 따른 문제도 가지고 있다. 이러한 문제점들을 개선하고자 본 논문에서는 cavity radial combiner를 제안하였다. Ku 대역 16-way cavity radial combiner를 제작하여 측정한 결과, 설계 대역에서 반사손실 14 dB 이하, 94.5 % 이상의 출력결합 효율을 얻었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.640-645
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• 1990

우육에 7.5%의 당을 첨가하고 $121^{\circ}C$에서 가열처리하여 근원섬유단백질의 전기영동 pattern 변화를 알아보았다. 당을 첨가하지 않은 경우 가열처리시간이 길어짐에 따라 myosin heavy chain(MHC) 등의 분자량이 큰 단백질의 band강도는 크게 약화되었지만 actin 등의 분자량이 작은 단백질은 거의 변화가 없었으며 당을 첨가한 처리구에서는 가열처리에 의하여 MHC 등의 band강도가 더욱 약화되었는데 특히 glucose 첨가시 15분간 가열처리구에서는 actin band의 강도도 크게 약해졌다. 시료에 peptidase를 작용시킨 후 추출한 단백질의 전기영동 pattern은 거의 변화가 없었으며 chymotrypsin을 작용시켰을 때 근원섬유를 구성하는 단백질들이 소화된 것을 보여주었으나 갈변반응이 심하게 발생하였던 glucose 첨가구에서는 myosin분자 등의 중합체가 나타났다 Trypsin을 작용시켰을 때 전체적으로 chymotrypsin의 경우보다 더욱 소화된 것을 보여주면서 glucose 첨가구에서는 myosin분자 등의 중합체가 더욱 강하게 나타났으며 peptidase chymotrypsin, trypsin을 동시에 작용시켜도 glucose 첨가구에서는 myosin 분자 등의 중합체가 소화되지 못하며 그 강도도 fructose 첨가구의 것보다 강한 것을 보여 주었다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.235-240
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• 2008

This paper presents results and observations obtained from a study of the optical and thermal properties of alkali tellurite depending on the composition. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra showed evidence of chemical modification from $TeO_4$ trigonal bipyramids (tbp) to $TeO_3$ trigonal pyramids (tp) in tellurite glasses. The optical band gaps of the different glass samples calculated using Tauc's method were found to range from 3.5-3.8 eV. The glass transition temperature (Tg) and glass stability (${\Delta}T$) of alkali tellurite glasses were investigated, as $M_2O$ [M: Li, Na, K] amounted to 25 mol%, through the use of differential thermal analysis (DTA). The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) was measured in a thermo mechanical analysis (TMA) with a slow heating rate after the glass samples were annealed. The results confirm that the optical band gap of alkali tellurite glasses depends on the Te-O-Te structural relaxation related to the ratio of bridging/non bridging oxygen (BO/NBO). In contrast, the thermal properties are related to the ionic field strength of the Te-O-M and M-O-M bonds, and the Te-O-Te breakage depends on the ratio of BO/NBO.