• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.1435-1441
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• 2014

The fire took place in the synthetic heat transfer fluid boiler used in production process of medium density fiberboard. This study investigated pressure distribution of the first, second and third passes and the temperature in the fire burner. The boiler's internal fluid is unsteady due to the out of order inverter. As the operation continues, the flame's flow and speed are unsteady. The synthetic heat transfer fluid leak spouted about 120kg/min in the form of vapor in the early period of the fire. The flame extended to the second and third passes. The highest temperature of the second and third pass is $1059^{\circ}C$ and $1007^{\circ}C$, respectively. The synthetic heat transfer fluid spouted through the cracked part of the fire box in the first pass and accumulated on the turn table. Therefore, it is expected that the temperature of the interior of the fire box is above $1200^{\circ}C$. The temperature of the burner rises to a maximum level several times in a short period. On account of that, several explosions occur in the fire burner. Pressure distribution at steady state in combustion furnace is 2~5mAq and pressure distribution at inverter under fault condition in combustion furnace is 10~-53mAq. The decrement of coil thickness measurement for synthetic heat transfer fluid boiler is 0~5mm.

• 한국초전도저온공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초전도저온공학회 2000년도 KIASC Conference 2000 / 2000년도 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.63-66
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• 2000

A rotating cryogenic system was designed similar to the cooling system for the rotor of a superconducting generator. The experimental rotor has an inner vessel which simulates the winding space of an actual superconducting rotor, and a torque tube of comparable design. This paper describes the evaluation of the total heat leak into the inner vessel that leads to the study of the jheat transfer characteristic of the rotating cryogenic system.

• 한국초전도저온공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초전도저온공학회 2000년도 KIASC Conference 2000 / 2000년도 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.22-25
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• 2000

To improve the performance of high temperature superconducting current leads, variable cross-sectional area is considered. The cross-sectional area is varied as a function of current density to fix the safety factor along lead length. New integration method is devised to find optimum cross-sectional area distribution. New design of current lead has low heat leak into cryostat and less material than constant cross-sectional area leads. Conduction cooled lead is considered. The developed method is applied to Bi2223 current leads sheathed Ag-Au alloy.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2021

반도체 공정 중 PR (Photo Resist) 공정은 여러 인화성 물질을 혼합하여 사용하는 공정으로, 공정 장비가 Clean Room 내 설치되어 인화성 물질이 누출되는 경우 질식, 화재, 폭발 사고로 이어질 위험성이 크므로, 물질 누출시 발생할 수 있는 사고에 대한 영향을 분석하고, 작업자들의 안전을 보장할 수 있는지 평가하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구는 FLACS CFD - Fire Module을 이용하여 10개의 누출, 화재 시나리오에 대한 CFD Simulation을 통해 Clean Room 내부 가상으로 설정한 Monitor Point에서의 복사열 및 온도 변화 값을 확인하였다. Clean Room 내부에서 발생한 화재는 층간 구조물에 높은 복사열을 전달하지만, 그 범위가 상당히 제한적이며, 단일 화재 사고로 인해 붕괴될 가능성이 희박하다. 화재 사고로 인해 탈출구로 이어지는 2 곳의 계단이 동시에 높은 복사열에 노출되는 시나리오는 없어, 화재 발생시 작업자가 탈출 가능하였다. 또한 복사열 및 온도 상승의 수준은 아래층으로 이동하면서 급격하게 낮아지는 것을 확인하였으며, API 520의 기준에 따라 작업자가 30초 동안 버틸 수 있는 복사열인 6.31 kW/m²에 노출된 작업자도 화재가 발생한 Clean Room 내부에서 충분히 탈출할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.435-443
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• 1998

Leak-before-break(LBB) approach has been shown to be both cost effective and risk reductive when applied to high energy Piping in nuclear Power Plants. For the Korean Next Generation Reactor (KNGR) development, LBB application is considered for the Main Steam Line(MSL) piping inside containment. Unlike the primary system leakages, the MSL leak detection systems must be based on principles other than radioactivity measurements. Among humidity, heat and acoustic noise currently being considered as indicators of leakage, we explored humidity as an effective one and developed ceramic-based humidity sensor which can be qualified for LBB applications. The ceramic material, sintered and annealed MgCr$_2$O$_4$-TiO$_2$, is shown to increase its electrical conductivity drastically upon water vapor adsorption over the entire temperature range of interest. With this ceramic sensor specimen, we suggested installation-inside-the-piping method by which we can detect leakage more rapidly and sensitively. In this paper, we describe the progress in the development and characterization of ceramic humidity sensor for the LBB application to the MSL of KNGR.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.77-87
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• 2000

It is reported that the toughness and safety margins of the SA106 Gr.C main steam line piping steel is reduced due to dynamic strain aging (DSA) at the reactor operating temperature for Leak-Before-Break (LBB) application. In this study, intercritical annealing in two-phase ($\alpha$+${\gamma}$）region was performed to investigate the possibility of improving the toughness and reducing DSA susceptibility. The manifestations of DSA were still observed in the tensile tests of the annealed specimens. However, the ductility loss caused by DSA was smaller than that in the as-received material. Furthermore, the intercritical annealing was able to increase the Charpy impact toughness by 1.5 times compared to as-received. With the heat treatment, we could obtain microstructural changes such as the cleaner retained ferrite, increased ferrite content and somewhat finer grain size. It is considered that the reduced DSA was induced by cleaner retained ferrite, which in turn resulted in higher impact toughness in addition to the general toughening due to finer grain sizes and increased ferrite content.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.333-338
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• 2007

The object of this study is to find the optimal insulation design conditions of a HTS power cable cryostat. The optimum condition of a cable cryostat is obtained by varying types of MLIs, cable core weights, spacer diameters, winding pitches and MLI layer numbers. As the weight of cable core is increased, conduction heat transfer from surroundings to cable cryostat is increased. But as the spacer pitch is increased from 120 mm to 200 mm, the heat leak of cable cryostat remains almost constant. The optimal number of MLI layers is suggested. Double ply MLI is more effective than triple ply MLI and the insulation effect is best when the number of MLI layers is 36.

• 한국초전도저온공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초전도저온공학회 2000년도 KIASC Conference 2000 / 2000년도 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.35-38
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• 2000

A preliminary design of gas-gp thermal switch is presented to reduce the cooldown time of superconducting system conduction-cooled by a two-stage refrigerator without liquid cryogens. The switch connects thermally the first and the second stages (ON) to take advantage of the larger refrigeration capacity at the first stage during the beginning period. After the cryogenic temperature is reached, the switch should isolate thermally the two stages (OFF) in order to reduce the heat leak to the cold end. In this paper, a new concept for the performance index is introduced to evaluate the reduction of the cooldown time and the increase of the cooling load at the same time. In addition, the design of a gas-gap switch is discussed as a closed container of several staggered concentric tubes filled with gas, which is frozen at low temperatures for the shut-off of heat without any mechanical actuation. Some of the detailed features in the design is quantitative investigated by the gas convection model in the continuum or the rarefied gas region.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2014

The heavy ion accelerator that will be built in Daejeon, Korea utilizes superconducting cavities operating in 2 K. The cavities are QWR (quarter wave resonator), HWR (half wave resonator), SSR1 (sing spoke resonator1) and SSR2. The main role of the cryomodule is supplying thermal insulation for cryogenic operation of the cavities and maintaining cavities' alignment. Thermal and structural consideration such as thermal load by heat leak and heat generation, cryogenic fluid management, thermal contraction, and so on. This paper describes detailed design considerations and current results have being done including thermal load estimation, cryogenic flow piping, pressure relief system, and so on.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2016

매설배관은 내부 또는 외부의 결함으로 인하여 leak나 rupture가 발생 할 수 있으며, 가스가 누출 시 큰 사고가 발생할 수 있기 때문에 정량적 위험성평가를 통한 분석이 필요하다. 하지만 현재 매설배관에 대한 위험성 평가시 매설을 고려하지 않거나, 매설 깊이를 고려하지 않고 무조건 배관압력의 1/10으로 가정하는 OGP기준을 사용하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 여러 기관의 매설배관 ETA분석자료를 통하여 발생가능 사고 중 Jet fire의 사고피해영향을 분석하였으며, Jet fire의 복사열 계산에 있어서 배관의 매설깊이 인자를 고려한 매설모델을 수립하였다. 사례연구는 New Jersey의 Edison지역에서 발생한 사고를 이용하여 본 모델과 OGP모델을 비교 분석하였다. 연구결과 화염원으로부터 10m거리를 기준으로 매설모델의 복사열 값이 OGP모델에 비해 실제 사례와 비슷한 값을 얻을 수 있었다.