• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.37-42
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• 2006

In this study, $20Nm^3/hr$ scale compact hydrogen generator which can be apply to the hydrogen station was tested for hydrogen station application. $20Nm^3/hr$ scale compact hydrogen generator was developed by upgrading concept of stacking plate reactor from former $20Nm^3/hr$ scale plate hydrogen generator. concepts for improving system efficiency and performance include such as idea of heat recovery from the exhaust, exhaust duct which is especially design for plate type reactor reinforcement of insulation, enlargement of heat exchange area of reactor, introduction of desulphurizer reactor and PROX rector in a compact design, introduction of back fire protection structure of plate burner and so on, We can learn that final prototype of scale-up $20Nm^3/hr$ scale compact hydrogen generator can be operated steadily in 100% road at which over 94% of methane conversion(S/C=3.75) was obtained. In case of making up the weak point, we expect that it is possible to apply to hydrogen station by way of showing an example.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.363-370
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• 2000

Experiments have been peformed, using pure refrigerant R134a and a zeotropic refrigerant mixture R290/R600a(60%/40%) and their performances have been analyzed by the first and second laws(exergy method) of thermodynamics. From the experimental results, variations of compressor speed and air temperature have a great effect on the performance of the system. The sum of exergy losses in compressor and evaporator is about 60% of total exergy loss, using refrigerant R134a, so it is necessary to improve the performance of compressor and evaporator. According to the experimental results using refrigerant mixture of R290/R600a(60%/40%), the exergy losses in heat exchange processes are decreased but the exergy loss in throttling process is increased. The performance of the system has been improved by 20∼30% compared with that of R134a and exergy losses have been also reduced.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.105-108
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• 2007

Fuel cell with high electric efficiency has many probabilities of commercial use. Especially, proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) which is a low temperature fuel cell and has less influence on $CO_2$ concentration is considered the power generation system of small building and household. We calculated the optimal operational plans of 1 kW household PEMFC power system based on the daily electricity and heat demand patterns of Japan and Korea. Calculated results show that the economic feasibility of PEMFC power system is very sensitive to the cost policy of electricity and natural gas.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.31-34
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• 2007

Fuel cell with high electric efficiency has many probabilities of commercial use. Especially, polymer electrolyte or proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) which is a low operating temperature and has less influence on $CO_2$ concentration is considered the power generation system of small building and household. We calculated the optimal operational plans of 1 kW household PEMFC power system based on daily electric and heat demand patterns of various size of apartments. Calculated results show that the economic feasibility of PEMFC power system is very sensitive to the cost policy of electricity and natural gas.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제32권5C호
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• pp.177-183
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• 2012

최근 들어 경제적인 에너지 활용을 위하여 지열에너지 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 특히 보편적으로 사용되고 있는 U자형 지중열교환기보다 열교환 면적이 넓어 더 높은 열 교환 효율을 보이는 코일형 지중열교환기의 적용이 확대되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 다양한 피치 간격에 따른 코일형 지중열교환기의 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. $5m{\times}1m{\times}1m$ 크기의 모형 토조 내에 주문진 모래가 균질하게 조성되었으며 열응답 시험이 수행되었다. 코일형 지중열교환기 내를 순환하는 순환수 온도값을 이용하여 선형 열원 이론과 고리-코일 열원 모델을 적용하여 지반의 열전도도를 도출하였다. 또한 모형 토조 내의 코일에서 일정한 거리의 계측 온도값과 이론해를 비교하였으며 고리-코일 열원 모델이 선형 열원 모델과 원통형 열원 모델보다 코일형 지중열교환기가 설치된 지반의 온도값을 보다 정확하게 예측함을 알 수 있다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권7호
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• pp.2184-2194
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• 2021

The Free-Piston Stirling engine (FPSE) is of interest for many research in aerospace due to its advantages of long operating life, higher efficiency, and zero maintenance. In this study, a 1-kW FPSE was proposed by analyzing the requirements of Space Reactor Power Systems (SRPS), of which performance was evaluated by developing a code through the Simple Analysis Method. The results of SAM showed that the critical parameters of FPSE could satisfy the designed requirements. The heater of the FPSE was designed with the copper rectangular fins to enhance heat transfer, and the parametric study of the heater was performed with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software STAR-CCM⁺. The Performance Evaluation Criteria (PEC) was used to evaluate the heat transfer enhancement of the fins in the heater. The numerical results of the CFD program showed that pressure drop and Nusselt number ratio had a linear growth with the height of fins, and PEC number decreased as the height of fins increased, and the optimum height of the fin was set as 4 mm according to the minimum heat exchange surface area. This paper can provide theoretical supports for the design and numerical analysis of an FPSE for SRPSs.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.673-689
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• 2023

To realize the traceability of sustainable textile products, this study presents a low-carbon process through energy savings in the textile material manufacturing process. Traceability is becoming an important element of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), which confirms the eco-friendliness of textile products as well as supply chain information. Textile products with complex manufacturing processes require traceability of each step of the process to calculate carbon emissions and power usage. Additionally, an understanding of the characteristics of the product planning-manufacturing-distribution process and an overall understanding of carbon emissions sources are required. Energy use in the textile material manufacturing stage produces the largest amount of carbon dioxide, and the amount of carbon emitted from processes such as dyeing, weaving and knitting can be calculated. Energy saving methods include efficiency improvement and energy recycling, and carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced through waste heat recovery, sensor-based smart systems, and replacement of old facilities. In the dyeing process, which uses a considerable amount of heat energy, LNG, steam can be saved by using "heat exchangers," "condensate management traps," and "tenter exhaust fan controllers." In weaving and knitting processes, which use a considerable amount of electrical energy, about 10- 20% of energy can be saved by using old compressors and motors.

• 에너지공학
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.251-258
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• 2016

연료전지는 전기를 발전하면서 동시에 열도 생산하며, 본 고는 이 두 가지를 함께 이용하는 가정용의 마이크로 연료전지-열병합발전(${\mu}FC$-CHP) 시스템에 관한 조사보고서이다. 열병합발전 시스템을 구성하는 몇 가지 방안 중에서 연료전지는 전기와 열 효율을 합쳐 90%가 넘는 가장 높은 에너지 효율을 갖는 시스템을 구현할 수 있어 유용성이 높다. 연료전지에는 크게 다섯 가지 종류가 있으며, 이 중 가정용 ${\mu}FC$-CHP로 적합한 것은 프로톤교환 막연료전지(PEMFC)와 고체산화물연료전지(SOFC)이다. ${\mu}FC$-CHP시스템은 독립전원으로서 송배전 손실을 줄일 수 있고 전기생산단가를 낮출 수 있으며, 오염물질을 배출하지 않는 친환경 기술이란 점 등의 장점이 많다. 단점은 초기 투자비용이 높다는 점인데, 기술의 발달로 제작 단가를 줄여 이를 해결해나가고 있다. 현재는 일본이 시장을 선점하고 있으나 우리나라도 100만대 보급 계획을 가지고 있고, 정부가 반 정도의 설치보조금을 제공하여 시장을 견인하고 있다. 본 고에서는 이와 함께 연료전지와 열병합발전을 연결하는 기술적 내용 및 각국의 동향을 기술한다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.258-263
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• 1979

알루미늄-아크릴 필름을 사용하여 제작(製作)한 곡면(曲面) 집광장치(集光裝置)에 의(依)한 공기(空氣)의 가열(加熱)과 가열(加熱)된 공기(空氣)를 이용하여 농산물(農産物)의 건조(乾燥)에 이용(利用)하는 실험(實驗)을 통하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 공기(空氣)를 열(熱) 교환(交換) 매체(媒體)로 하고 $1{\;}m^2$의 곡면(曲面) 집광식(集光式) 반사판(反射板)에 의(依)하여 가열(加熱)된 흡광관(吸光管)에 송입(送入)할때의 열(熱) 교환(交換) 효율은 1.39 %이었다. 2. 흡광관(吸光管) 내부(內部)에 baffle을 설치할 경우 baffle의 수(數)에 따라 열(熱) 교환(交換) 효율이 증가(增加) 하였으며 74 cm의 흡광관(吸光管)에 17매(枚)을 설치할 경우 33 %의 효율 증대(增大)를 가져왔다. 3. 본(本) 태양(太陽) 열(熱) 이용(利用) 장치(裝置)에 의(依)하여 가열(加熱)된 공기로 무우를 $70^{\circ}C$에서 열풍 건조(乾燥) 하였을 경우 건조에 필요한 열량중 58 %를 절약(節約)할 수 있었다. 4. 반사판(反射板)을 scale-up할 경우의 가득(可得) 열량(熱量) 및 열(熱) 이용(利用) 효율과의 관계는 대수(對數)-대수(對數) 좌표(座標0에서 직선적(直線的) 관계(關係)를 보였다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.106-119
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• 2023

Due to global decarbonization movement and tightening of maritime emissions restrictions, the shipping industry is going to switch to alternative fuels. Among candidates of alternative fuel, methanol is promising for decreasing SOx and CO2 emissions, resulting in minimum climate change and meeting the goal of green shipping. In this study, a novel combined system of direct methanol solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), gas turbine (GT), and organic Rankine cycle (ORC) targeted for marine vessels was proposed. The SOFC is the main power generator of the system, whereas the GT and PEMFC could recover waste heat from the SOFC to generate useful power and increase waste heat utilizing efficiency of the system. Thermodynamics model of the combined system and each component were established and analyzed. Energy and exergy efficiencies of subsystems and the entire system were estimated with participation of the first and second laws of thermodynamics. The energy and exergy efficiencies of the overall multigeneration system were estimated to be 76.2% and 30.3%, respectively. The combination of GT and PEMFC increased the energy efficiency by 18.91% compared to the SOFC stand-alone system. By changing the methanol distribution ratio from 0.05 to 0.4, energy and exergy efficiencies decreased by 15.49% and 5.41%, respectively. During the starting up and maneuvering period of vessels, a quick response from the power supply system and propulsion plant is necessary. Utilization of PEMFC coupled with SOFC has remarkable meaning and benefits.