• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.201-208
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate hypoacusis due to workplace noise among dental technicians. Pure tone audiometry, impedance audiometry and heart rate variability were measured for 60 dental technicians and office workers in D city from July to November 2013, and a survey on the effects of noise was conducted. SPSS 19.0 was used for statistical analysis. In the result for threshold of pure tone audiometry, the average hearing threshold of left ears in the air conduction (AC) test showed a statistically significant decrease (P=0.019) among dental technicians, who are frequently exposed to workplace noise. The hearing threshold in the AC test for each frequency was significantly different between the two groups at 125 Hz (P=0.012) in right ears and at 1 kHz (P=0.022), 2 kHz (P=0.040), and 8 kHz (P=0.018) in left ears. Dental technicians who had worked for 16 years or longer had a significantly higher incidence of hypoacusis in the right ear (P=0.030) and in the left ear (P=0.010). In impedance audiometry showed a tympanometry result of type A in both the dental technician group and the office worker group.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.728-733
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• 2011

This study was designed to analyze the results of stress index by heart rate variability test. The subjects were workers in the automobile manufacturing industry. The subjects consisted of 23,767 workers who had answered about questionnaires of a job position, age, smoking, drinking, exercise state and sex. The stress index(SI) and stress resistance(SR) were examined by SA3000P. We analyzed the differences of SI and SR according to job positions, ages, the state of smoking, drinking, exercise and sex by T-test or ANOVA with SPSS ver. 17.0. Regarding the differences of SI among job positions, the SI was highest in sales positions. Among ages, the SI was highest in 30s. In smoking, the SI was lower in non-smoking group. In drinking, there was no significant differences in SI. In exercise, the SI was lower in exercise group. In sex, there was no significant difference. The case of SR, SR was lowest in sales positions. Among ages, the SR was lowest in 40s. In smoking, the SR was lower in smoking group. In drinking, there was no significant differences in SR. In exercise, there was no significant difference. In sex, the SR was lowest in male. According to these results, we should establish the methods of controlling stress from the perspective of Korean traditional medicine.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.192-196
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• 2013

We have investigated the changes of electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG) under pulsed magnetic field (PMF) and acupuncture stimulus on acupoint PC9. In order to compare quantitatively the effect of PMF and acupuncture stimulus, the difference of alpha activities are calculated from EEG spectra, and the spectrum curves of ECG were analyzed in the frequency domain of heart rate variability (HRV). The increase of alpha activities after both stimuli could be explained that the impulse of stimulus on PC9 might pass through sensory nerve following meridian and approach the cerebral cortex, causing the central nervous system (CNS) to be activated for pacifying emotion and calming the mind. The decrease in sympathovagal activity of HRV after both stimuli indicates that parasympathetic nerves were activated and the sympathetic nerves were in constrained condition. These findings suggest that PMF could be patient-friendly alternative non-invasive medical treatment for influencing human physiology, in comparison with acupuncture inserting the needle and inducing nervous and anxious state to subject.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2015

Background: We hypothesized that ketamine, when administered as the anesthetic induction agent, may prevent cardiovascular depression during high-dose remifentanil administration, unlike propofol. To test our hypothesis, we retrospectively compared the hemodynamic effects of ketamine, during high-dose remifentanil administration, with those of propofol. Methods: Thirty-eight patients who underwent oral surgery at the Nagasaki University Hospital between April 2014 and June 2015 were included in this study. Anesthesia was induced by the following procedure: First, high-dose remifentanil ($0.3-0.5{\mu}g/kg/min$) was administered 2-3 min before anesthesia induction;next, the anesthetic induction agent, either propofol (Group P) or ketamine (Group K), was administered. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and the heart rate were recorded by the automated anesthesia recording system at four time points: immediately before the administration of high-dose remifentanil (T1);immediately before the administration of propofol or ketamine (T2);2.5 min (T3), and 5 min (T4) after the administration of the anesthetic induction agent. Results: In Group P, the MAP at T3 ($75.7{\pm}15.5mmHg$, P = 0.0015) and T4 ($68.3{\pm}12.5mmHg$, P < 0.001) were significantly lower than those at T1 ($94.0{\pm}12.4mmHg$). However, the MAP values in the K group were very similar (P = 0.133) at all time points. The heart rates in both Groups P (P = 0.254) and K (P = 0.859) remained unchanged over time. Conclusions: We showed that ketamine, when administered as the anesthetic induction agent during high-dose remifentanil administration, prevents cardiovascular depression.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.918-929
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• 2008

This study investigated the effects of inverted position on EEG and heart rate variability before and after Bang song gong. BSG is a training method using in qi-gong and meditation to give a convergence of consciousness on body segments in order and take a silent speech of 'song'. The subjects were the 14 university students(n=7 per group) who had not experienced any medical problem and had not practiced BSG. They took a practice of the two way of BSG training program for 30 minutes every other day for two weeks. During practicing BSG, A group took sitting position and lean sitting position by turns, B group took inverted and lean sitting position in the same way. Statistical analysis conducted by two-way ANOVA($2groups^{\ast}2periods$) with p<0.05 for average difference of EEG and HR according to position change in each group before and after BSG. In A group, EEG and HR were changeless irrespective of the change of position and BSG. On the other hand, in B group, significant changes were observed in EEG(p<0.05). ${\alpha}$ wave of inverted position were on the increase, ${\beta}$ and ${\delta}$ wave of inverted position showed smaller power after two weeks training. In the variation of HR, there were smaller variation according to the position change after BSG compared to before BSG(p<0.05). The results suggested that an inverted position may make the depth of meditation deeper, and is likely to be effective for decreasing tension of brain and the sleepiness during qi-gong training. In addition to, an inverted position seemed to promote control of blood pressure of brain. So the application of an inverted position to 'BSG' will be very helpful to achieve deeper relaxation and to obtain the desired effect from qi-gong training.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2020

This study aimed to investigate heart rate variability (HRV) characteristics of cold pattern with repeated measurement data. Participants were taken from a Daejeon University cohort study from 2015 to 2018. Forty-seven of the participants studied displayed cold pattern while 23 showed signs of non-cold pattern. HRV was measured in supine position for 5 minutes at each year, and an 8-item cold pattern questionnaire was used for the diagnosis of cold pattern. SDNN (standard deviation of the NN intervals) and RMSSD (the square root of the mean squared differences of successive NN intervals) were used as time domain analysis, and TP (total power), VLF (power in very low frequency range), LF (power in low frequency range), HF (power in high frequency range), LF norm (LF power in normalized units), HF norm (HF power in normalized units) and LF/HF were used as frequency domain analysis. In the Mann-Whitney U test, LF norm, HF norm, and LF/HF showed differences between the cold pattern group and non-cold pattern group at every measurement, and in the independent t-test, the differences were also observed at three points except for the baseline (2015). In the repeated measures ANOVA, the interaction effects were not observed in all HRV parameters, but the time period effects were observed in SDNN, RMSSD, TP, VLF, LF and HF. There were significant differences between those two groups in LF norm, HF norm and LF/HF. This study suggests that LF norm, HF norm and LF/HF might be a useful indicator of cold pattern properties.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.383-391
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• 1999

This study was carried out to determine whether the effects of an ${\alpha}_2-adrenoceptor$ agonist, clonidine, on mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) are influenced by mild hypothermia. Experiments were performed in respiration-controlled and spontaneously breathing pentobarbital-anesthetized rats. Rectal temperature was maintained at $37.5{\pm}0.3^{circ}C$ for normothermic groups or at $35.2{\pm}0.3^{circ}C$ for mild hypothermic groups. Intravenous injection of clonidine (1 and 2 ${\mu}g/kg)$ produced depressor and bradycardic responses in spontaneously breathing rats under both normothermic and mild hypothermic condition: a decrease in MAP was not altered but bradycardic response was significantly augmented in the mild hypothermic group as compared with the normothermic group. Under the respiration-controlled condition, the hypotensive effect of clonidine $(2\;{\mu}g/kg)$ was reduced, whereas the bradycardic effect was increased in mild hypothermic rats as compared with normothermic rats. Both hypotensive and bradycardic effects of clondine $(2\;{\mu}g/kg)$ were blocked by pretreatment with an ${\alpha}_2-adrenoceptor$ antagonist, yohimbine (0.5 mg/kg), in both thermal conditions. Yohimbine (0.5 mg/kg, i.v.) alone produced signifcantly an increase in heart rate in the mild hypothermic group than in the normothermic group. Pretreatment with a muscarinic receptor antagonist, atropine methylnitrate (1 mg/kg, i.v.), attenuated the bradycardic effect of clonidine in the mild hypothermic group but not in the normothermic group. These results suggest that clonidine- induced bradycardia is amplified by mild hypothermia probably through an increased parasympathetic activity.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.482-487
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• 2006

The identification of the exterior-interior pattern and the cold-heat pattern is one of the most frequently used diagnostic methods in Oriental medicine. No systematic studies, however, have yet been conducted to determine the emotional and autonomic factors involved in the exterior-interior and cold-heat. In this study, the relationships between depression, anxiety, and the exterior-interior and cold-heat patterns in 100 healthy female volunteers with a mean age of 42.77 were also investigated. The autonomic nervous system's control of human temperature is a well known fact. Thus, this paper also aimed to investigate the correlationof the autonomic nervous system and patterns of the exterior-interior and cold-heat. The analysis of heart rate variability (HRV), which has become a popular non-invasive tool for assessing the activities of the autonomic nervous system, was conducted in this study. No relationship was found between the exterior-interior and cold-heat pattern scores and the degree-of-depression scores. But there was a significant difference between the exterior-interior and cold-heat pattern scores of the different anxiety types, and between those of the different anxiety levels. The depression and anxiety levels also had an effect on the HRV indices.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.409-415
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• 2015

This study compared the heart rate variability tests of healthy college students and chronic fatigue patients for 2 years. Study subjects were idiopathic chronic fatigue patients who carried out the HRV tests and students conducted HRV test when health screening test. Study subjects were 250 people, 104 people and men (41.6%), women were 146 patients (58.4%). In patient group, the autonomic nervous system activity was decreased, the activity of the sympathetic nerve and the parasympathetic nerve were significantly reduced compared to the control group(Patient:84.17±16.27, Control:98.33±17.28). Regardless of gender, patient group's autonomic nervous system activity was decreased, the activity of the sympathetic nerve and the parasympathetic nerve were significantly reduced, compared to the control group(Patient Female:84.17±16.27, Patient Male:84.07±14.96/Control Female:98.33±17.28, Control Male:96.45±16.92). Even though same ages, patient group's autonomic nervous activity was reduced compared to control group(Patient:89.36±12.43, Control:97.39±16.91). Fatigue patients' activity of the sympathetic nerve and the parasympathetic nerve were significantly reduced, regardless of the fact that activity of the sympathetic nerve is increased and the parasympathetic nerve is decreased in stress state like an impassioned injury(七情傷). Therefore HRV test is useful to diagnose Fatigue from this study.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2002

The frequency of the hypertension is increasing as the life level is improved and an average span of the life is extended since we approached modern stage. The hypertension is also dangerous disease which raises fatal complication for example with the bleeding aproplexy and the ischemic attack. The medicinal treatment about the hypertension is required patients to take continually. The acupuncture have been introduced because a medicine-chemical treatment hasn't good influence on the human body. It recently has been processed that studies acupuncture effect for blood pressure and have been found out that blood pressure go down. The object of this study observe the effect of LR3 acupuncture on hypertension in Renal Hypertension RAT induced by 2K1C. The 2K1C model was based on renin-angiotensin system. We put the silver clip in renal artery to induce renal hypertension. We try to observe that LR3 acupuncture influence on the blood pressure and c-fos expression in CVLM, NTS, RVLM. In results, the blood pressure was decreased during acupuncture than before acupuncture, after acupuncture. The heart rate was also decreased during acupuncture than before acupuncture, after acupuncture. The LR3 acupuncture significantly effects on blood pressure and heart rate (P<0.05). The increased expression of c-fos was shown in CVLM, NTS, but not in RVLM. In conclusion, LR3 was relived the action of control upon the hypertension and related with medulla, particularly CVLM, NTS. It needs to be closely examined pharmacological mechanism and studied combination with other acupoints.