• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 1990

This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of chlorpromazine against the reperfusion injury of myocardium after high potassium cardioplegic arrest. Langendorff`s preparations of rat heart were infused with high potassium cardioplegic solution[St. Thomas Hospital Solution] at 25oC. Chlorpromazine [10-7Ｍ] increased the recovery of myocardial contractility[dp/dt], left ventricular pressure[LVP], and coronary flow rate of the reperfused heart. Both in control and experimental groups, the restoration of myocardial activity could not reach to the level of preplegic control. These results suggest that the etiologic factors of the reperfusion injury include the influence of high potassium cardioplegic solution and/or reperfusion itself, and that chlorpromazine protects myocardium from the reperfusion injury.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.314-317
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• 2007

Ventriculoperitoneal [VP] shunt is a common treatment for hydrocephalic patients. However, complications, such as shunt tube occlusion, infection, intracranial hemorrhage, seizure can occur. Of these, intracranial hemorrhage may occur due to intracranial vascular injury or a rapid decrease of intracranial pressure [ICP]. Most of these hemorrhages are subdural hematomas [SDH] while a few are epidural hematomas [EDH]. It is extremely rare for an intracranial hemorrhage to occur due to an extension of the bleeding from an injured extracranial vessel. We report two cases of EDH due to occipital artery injury following VP shunt and extraventricular drainage [EVD].

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.567-572
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• 2005

An electrical burn used to result in the damage of the skin and underlying deep soft tissue injury. Thus, in order to preserve devitalizing tissues and promote the structural survival free flaps with ample blood supply are frequently employed. However, early unpredictable vascular injury and progressive tissue necrosis may cause the free flaps full of hazards. We applied 50 free flaps upon 41 acute electrical burn cases between 1998 and 2004. Injured areas, timing of operation and causes of flap loss were studied. The victim's ages ranged from 13 to 60 years. (an average 37.8 years) Thirteen out of 50 free flaps were lost totally: three cases were due to arterial insufficiency and ten venous congestion. Total loss of flaps were observed in 5 of 12 cases in the postoperative 3 weeks, 6 of 20 cases between 3 and 6 weeks and 2 of 18 cases after 6 weeks. In three of 12 cases the free flap was lost partially in the postoperative 3 weeks, 4 of 20 cases between 3 and 6 weeks and 1 of 18 cases after 6 weeks. The result was statistically significant by a T-test (p<0.05). This study showed that timing of the operation is accountable for the loss of free flap. It is most important to conduct the free flap procedure on an electrical injury at the time when the recipient vessel is definitely discernible and intact so as to minimize the loss of flap and spare the structures.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.128-132
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• 2005

주5일제 근무의 도입으로 인하여 스포츠 활동에 참여하는 인구가 많이 증가하였으며 그 결과로 스포츠 손상의 빈도가 비례하여 증가하는 추세이다. 겨울 스포츠 중 최근 청소년과 젊은이들 사이에 인기를 얻고 있는 스노우 보드로 인한 척추 관련 손상은 그 문헌 보고가 많지 않은 실정으로 저자들이 스노우 보드 손상에 따른 요추의 압박 골절 환자를 경험하여 이를 보고하고자한다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.283-293
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• 2009

Ginsenosides, one of the most well-known traditional herbal medicines, are used frequently in Korea for the treatment of cardiovascular symptoms. The effects of ginseng saponin on ischemia-induced isolated rat heart were investigated through analyses of hemodynamic changes including perfusion pressure, aortic flow, coronary flow, and cardiac output. Isolated rat hearts were perfused and then subjected to 30 min of global ischemia followed by 60 min of reperfusion with modified Kreb's Henseleit solution. Myocardial contractile function was continuously recorded. Ginseng saponin administered before inducing ischemia significantly prevented decreases in perfusion pressure, aortic flow, coronary flow, and cardiac output. The ginseng saponin administered group significantly recovered all of the hemodynamic parameters, except heart rate, after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) compared with ischemia control. The intracellular calcium ($[Ca^{2+}]_i$) content in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes was quantitatively determined. Administration of ginseng saponin significantly prevented $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ increase that had been induced by simulated I/R in vitro (p<0.01) in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that the cardioprotection of ginseng saponin is mediated by the inhibition of $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ increase. Overall, we found that the administration of ginseng saponin has cardioprotective effects on the isolated rat heart after I/R injury. These results indicate that ginseng saponin has distinct cardioprotective effects in an I/R-induced rat heart.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.98-102
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• 2004

The terrible triad of the shoulder, a combination of anterior shoulder dislocation, massive rotator cuff tear and neurologic injury, is rare. We experienced 4 patients with this condition who were treated with a rotator cuff repair. The mean age was 65 years. Follow-up averaged 27 months. All patients had a history of redislocation after initial traumatic shoulder dislocation and were evaluated with electromyography and magnetic resonance imaging. At the operation, massive rotator cuff tear and hypertrophy of the long head of the biceps were found in all patients. Clinically, 3 patients achieved recovery of their nerve injury by 3 months postoperatively and the final results were fair. In one patient, there was no recovery of deltoid function and this case was rated as a failure. For this injury pattern, the prognosis appears to be dependent on eventual nerve recovery when the rotator cuff has been repaired early.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2011

Objectives : Myocardial infarction is caused by heart cell death in a region where coronary arteries supplying blood to the region are occluded. In the present study, we determined whether ethanol extract of Cortex fraxini (HY5053) could attenuate heart injury by inhibiting apoptosis. Methods : Improvement of survival of HepG2 cells, a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, and reduction of apoptosis under hypoxic conditions (3% $O_2$) were assessed by trypan blue staining and DNA fragmentation assay, respectively. To assess the impact of HY5053 on the heart injury, Sprague-Dawley rats underwent 1 day of the left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion. HY5053 was given by intraperitoneal injection (200 mg/kg) 1 hr prior to the occlusion. Subsequently, the heart were harvested, excised into 4 slices, and the slices were stained with 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride. Finally, the extent of heart injury represented as ischemic index (%) was assessed. Results : Addition of HY5053 (400 ${\mu}g$/mL) into the culture medium for 1 day under ischemic conditions improved the cell survival by 50%, compared with control (0 ${\mu}g$/mL), consequently delayed apoptosis in 6 hr difference. Also, HY5053 (200 mg/kg) reduced the ischemic index by 44%, compared with control (0 mg/kg). Conclusions : These findings suggested that HY5053 attenuated myocardial infarction by inhibiting apoptosis. Thus, Cortex fraxini could be developed as a novel cardioprotectant to complement a currently available treatment, coronary angioplasty.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.286-289
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• 2023

Torso stab injuries near the cardiac box may present unique challenges due to difficulties in hemorrhage control. For a stab injury to the heart, the repair is straightforwardly performed via median sternotomy. In contrast, injuries to the inferior vena cava are challenging to repair, especially when they are close to the diaphragm, and the bleeding can be torrential. Herein, we describe a case of a self-inflicted stab wound within the "cardiac box." The trajectory of the stab injuries went below the diaphragm and injured the infradiaphragmatic inferior vena cava. Successful emergent repair via the thoraco-laparotomy approach revived the young man. In this report, we revisit and discuss previous large series of patients with this rare vena cava injury.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.208-213
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• 2002

목 적 : 수술 중, 후의 심근 손상은 선천성 심질환에 대한 개심술 후 심장 기능 부전의 주원인이다. 이 연구에서는 심근 세포에서만 발견되는 cardiac troponinI를 측정함으로서 수술 중, 후 심근 손상 정도와 회복 여부를 반영할 생화학적 표지자로서의 가치를 확인하고자 하였다. 방 법: 2001년 4월부터 7월까지 선천성 심질환으로 진단받고 개심술을 위해 본원에 입원한 환아 34명을 대상으로 하였다. Cardiac troponin I 치의 측정을 위해 술전 24시간 이내, 술후 1, 2, 3, 7일째에 각각 채혈을 시행했고, CPB 시간, ACC 시간, 기도 삽관시간, 수술 후 입원 기간을 측정하였다. 결 과 : Cardiac troponin I 치는 수술 후 1일째가 수술 전에 비해 유의한 증가가 있었고, 2, 3, 7일째에는 점차적으로 유의한 감소를 보였다. 심질환 별로는 수술 후 1일째 대혈관 전위에서 cardiac troponin I 치가 가장 높았고, 활로씨 4징, 방실중격결손, 심실중격결손, 심방중격결손 순으로 높은 치를 나타내었다. 심장폐 우회술 시간이 길수록, ACC 시간이 길수록 수술 후 1일째 cardiac troponin I 농도가 높았고, cardiac troponin I 농도가 높을수록 기도삽관 시간이 길었으나 입원 기간과는 상관관계가 없었다. 결 론: 개심술 후 시간에 따라, 개심술을 시행한 심질환에 따라 cardiac troponin I 농도의 의미 있는 증가와 점차적인 감소를 보임으로써 cardiac troponinI는 개심술 후 심근 손상의 정도 및 심근 손상에서의 회복 여부를 반영하는 생화학적 표지자로 가치가 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.273-282
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• 2013

The present study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of Korean Red Ginseng extract (KRG) on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac injury in rats, particularly in regards to electrocardiographic changes, hemodynamics, cardiac function, serum cardiac enzymes, components of the myocardial antioxidant defense system, as well as inflammatory markers and histopathological changes in heart tissue. ISO (150 mg/kg, subcutaneous, two doses administered at 24-hour intervals) treatment induced significant decreases in P waves and QRS complexes (p<0.01), as well as a significant increase in ST segments. Moreover, ISO-treated rats exhibited decreases in left-ventricular systolic pressure, maximal rate of developed left ventricular pressure ($+dP/dt_{max}$) and minimal rate of developed left ventricular pressure ($-dP/dt_{max}$), in addition to significant increases in lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and creatine kinase activity. Heart rate, however, was not significantly altered. And the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were decreased, whereas the activity of malondialdehyde was increased in the ISO-treated group. ISO-treated group also showed increased caspase-3 level, release of inflammatory markers and neutrophil infiltration in heart tissue. KRG pretreatment (250 and 500 mg/kg, respectively) significantly ameliorated almost all of the parameters of heart failure and myocardial injury induced by ISO. The protective effect of KRG on ISO-induced cardiac injury was further confirmed by histopathological study. In this regard, ISO treatment induced fewer morphological changes in rats pretreated with 250 or 500 mg/kg of KRG. Compared with the control group, all indexes in rats administered KRG (500 mg/kg) alone were unaltered (p>0.05). Our results suggest that KRG significantly protects against cardiac injury and ISO-induced cardiac infarction by bolstering antioxidant action in myocardial tissue.