• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.399-401
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• 1994

We experienced one case of surgical treatment of A-V fistula between the right common iliac artery and the right common iliac vein after lumbar laminectomy. The average vascular surgeon does not have extensive experience with this disorder owing to its rarity. Arteriovenous fistula of the aorta and its major branches present an unparalleled challenge in patient care. Because of their central location, blood flow through these fistulas may be massive;the associated complications are usually dramatic, resulting in severe refractory congestive heart failure, massive venous hypertension, or extensive hemorrhage during an illfated surgical repair.For this reason, it behooves one to become well acquainted with the problem in order to avoid morbid complications and thus ensure optimal patient care.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.509-512
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• 1994

Congenital coronary arteriovenous fistula is a ~are condition, and with widespread use of cardiac catheterization, angiography and selective coronary arteriography is being recognized with increasing frequency. Surgical correction is strongly recommended to prevent the development of congestive heart failure,angina, subacute bacterial endocarditis, myocardial infarction, and pulmonary hypertension, as well as coronary aneurysm formation with subsequent rupture or embolization. I report a case of congenital coronary arteriovenous fistula of the left main coronary artery to the fight atrium in a 23 year old female, which is associated with bacterial endocarditis with right atrial vegetation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.174-181
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• 1985

From Jun. 1980 to Mar. 1984, 33 cases of atrial septal defect, secundum type, operated at the department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, were analyzed retrospectively. They were 24.3% of all congenital heart diseases operated in the same period. Among the 33 cases, 17 cases were males and 16 cases were females. Their ages were ranged from 4 to 42 years and cases of over 15 years of age were 60.6%. Main symptoms at admission were exertional dyspnea [69.7%], palpitation [63.6%] and frequent upper respiratory infections [51.5%], but 2 cases [6.1%] were asymptomatic. All 33 cases were operated under the direct vision with cardiopulmonary bypass. All cases were secundum type defect of atrial septal defect and single defect were in 29 cases [90.6%], and oval type defect were in 31 cases [96.9%]. In 7 cases [21.9%], other lesions of cardiovascular system were associated, and the most common lesion was pulmonic valvular stenosis [4 cases; 12.5%]. The defects were closed directly in 27 cases and in 6 cases with Dacron patch. Postoperative complications were occurred in 8 cases [24.2%], and they were pleural effusion, congestive heart failure, and alopecia mainly. One case died due to air embolism postoperatively and operative mortality was 3.1%.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.253-259
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• 1990

Between January, 1970 and August, 1989, a total of 81 patients whose age were more than 20 years of life, received total correction for tetralogy of Fallot. This report analyzed 70 patients among them and excluded the remaining 11 patients whose clinical data could not be found. Their mean age was 25.750.39 years[range 20 \ulcorner50]. The clinical manifestations were cyanosis and clubbing [64 pts], frequent URI[40 pts], anoxic spell [19 pts], infective endo-carditis[4 pts], brain abscess[3 pts], pulmonary tuberculosis[3 pts] and CHF, chest tightness, nephrotic syndrome, left hemiplegia, and tamponade. The types of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction were combined[46 pts], pure infundibular [21 pts] and pure valvular[3 pts]. Associated cardiovascular anomalies were PFO [27 pts], ASDi8 pts], LSVC[8 pts], aortic regurgitation [5 pts], right aortic arch, coronary artery anomalies, PDA and dextrocardia. Hospital mortality was 5.7%. The causes of death ware low cardiac output [2 pts], aggravation of CRF[1 pts] and brain damage[1 pts]. There was one late death because of residual intracardiac shunt and congestive heart failure. During the follow-up period, 16 patients were lost and the remaining 49 patients were asymptomatic and leading normal lives. Residual intracardiac shunt was detected in 5 patients with radionuclide single pass study but all of them had Qp / Qs ratio less than 1.5.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 1997

In order to investigate the effect of ANP on surfactant secretion from alveolar type II cell(AT II cell) during circulatory derangement in adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the secretion of surfactant from AT II cells was evaluated in purely isolated AT II cultures from rat lungs. For the simulation of sympathetic stimulation during circulatory derangement, primary AT II cultures were incubatedwith isoproterenol and IBMX. In this isoproterenol stimulated AT II cells, ANP were added in the media for the investigation of effect of ANP on surfactant secretion from AT II cells. For the evaluation of surfactant secretion, $[^3H]-methylcholine$ was incorporated and the level of radiolabelled choline chloride secreted from the cells was determined. As previously reported, isoproterenol and IBMX stimulated surfactant secretion from AT II cells. Isoproterenol showed synergistic increase of surfactant secretion with IBMX in AT II cells. In isoproterenol stimulated AT II cells, physiological level of ANP inhibited the secretion of surfactant in primary cultures of AT II cells. On the basis of these experimental it is suggested that, in association with ciculatory change during ARDS, increased secretion of ANP by the pulmonary edema, hypoxia and congestive heart heart failure might aggravate the symptoms of ARDS by reduction of surfactant secretion from AT II cells.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.64 no.2
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• pp.9.1-9.7
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• 2024

Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is a degenerative disease of the valve leaflets, causing left atrial dilatation and eccentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle by hemodynamic instability. Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a hematologic parameter that indicates the variation of red blood cell volume and size, reflecting anisocytosis. Human studies have found that anisocytosis is associated with poor prognosis in heart disease patients, and recent veterinary studies have also confirmed that the increase in RDW is associated with high mortality in MMVD patients. Medical records of 37 Maltese dogs with MMVD were retrospectively reviewed. When comparing RDW among the MMVD stage groups, there was a significant difference between stage B1, B2 and C. A significant and strong correlation between RDW and the left atrial-to-aortic ratio was identified. RDW was significantly correlated with the reticulocyte count independent of hematocrit, and the reticulocyte count exhibited a significant increase at stage C. This suggests that the congestive heart failure secondary to MMVD could be a contributory factor leading to an elevation in RDW. In conclusion, elevated RDW may associated with left atrial enlargement and progression of MMVD.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1996 no.11
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• pp.368-371
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• 1996

Background: Recently, measure of heart rate variability and the nonlinear "complexity" of heart rate dynamics have been used as indicators of cardiovascular health. Several investigators have demonstrated that heart rate variability decreased in aging, congestive heart failure and coronary heart disease. Because hypertensive patients showed alternation of cardiovascular homeostasis, we designed this study to evaluate the effect of anesthesia in hypertensive patients with approximate entropy (ApEn). Methods: With informed consent, eighteen normotensive patients and eighteen hypertensive patients were given no premedication. ECG data were collected from 10 minutes before induction to 15 minutes after induction. Collected ECG data were stored into computer binary files. We calculated ApEn from the collected ECG data. Results: Before induction, ApEn of hypertensive patients was significantly lower than normotensive patients(p<0.05). During induction and maintain of anesthesia, there was no difference of ApEn between two groups. During induction and maintain of anesthesia, in normotensive group, ApEn was significantly lower than that of preinduction(p<0.05). And ApEn during maintain of anesthesia was lower than that of induction(p<0.05). During maintain of anesthesia, in hypertensive group, ApEn was significantly lower than that of preinduction(p<0.05). Conclusions: Before induction, ApTn of hypertensive patients is significantly lower than normotensive patients. As anesthesia was deepened, ApEn of two groups were decreased. Because the baroreflex of hypertensive patients is already decreased, decreasing of ApEn of hypertensive patients during anesthesia is less than that of normotnesive patients.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.119-123
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• 2023

Although various imaging evaluation methods have been developed and utilized, thoracic radiography remains essential and is the top priority for diagnosing and managing cardiac diseases. Thoracic radiographic measurements associated with the vertebral heart scale (VHS) and caudal vena cava (CVC) can objectively diagnose cardiac disease in many animals. In particular, VHS measurement is primarily used to evaluate the dimensions of the heart size on thoracic radiographs and can measure cardiomegaly more objectively. Additionally, the value of the CVC compared with the aorta (Ao) and the length of vertebrae (VL) can be used as valuable parameters in right congestive heart failure. To describe the CVC/Ao and CVC/VL ratios in 10 long-tailed gorals (Naemorhedus caudatus) without subjective radiographic evidence of cardiac diseases. The VHS, CVC, Ao, and VL of gorals were measured in the right lateral (RL) view of the thoracic radiographs. In the RL view of 10 gorals, the VHS was 9.31 ± 0.55 vertebrae (v), the CVC/Ao ratio was 0.84 ± 0.13, and the CVC/VL ratio was 0.67 ± 0.09. Additionally, the thoracic morphology of gorals was determined to be intermediate (thoracic depth-to-width ratio, 1.04 ± 0.09, 0.75-1.25). This study confirmed that VHS was significantly correlated with CVC and Ao, and measuring and comparing each value would help diagnose cardiac diseases in gorals. The radiographic measurements in this study will allow veterinarians to diagnose several cardiac diseases in gorals.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.115-122
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• 1991

From April 1986 to December 1989, 25 infants under the age of 12 months with tetralogy of Fallot were operated on. Age ranged from 3 to 12 months[mean 8.9$\pm$4.9 months] and mean body weight was 7.8$\pm$ 2.6kg. All the patients were deeply cyanotic, 12 of them experienced anoxic spell. Transannular patch was laid down in 19 patients, in 7 of them monocuspid patch was utilized. Postrepair P RV/LV was measured at operation room in 17 patients[mean 0.48$\pm$0. 14]. Hospital mortality was 20Yo. Causes of deaths include right ventricular failure and low cardiac output. The mortality was closely related with patient`s age and body surface area at operation. Also higher mortality was noticed in patients having major associated anomaly or previous palliative operation, preoperative management with propranolol and transannular repair. 18 patients were followed up for 12 to 50 months with a mean follow-up time of 24 months after operation. There were no late deaths and late ventricular arrhythmia or congestive heart failure was not detected as yet. Redo operation was performed in one case because of residual pulmonic stenosis. Considering several advantages of early primary repair, primary repair of symptomatic infants with tetralogy of Fallot should be encouraged despite somewhat high mortality rate as yet and better results could be anticipated along with improvement of myocardial protection method and postoperative care.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.695-705
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• 1987

This report provides follow - up data on 37 patients, aged 7 days to 25 years [median: 6.5 months], who underwent repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection at Seoul national University Hospital between May, 1978 and June, 1987. The patients were 22 males and 17 females and the sex ratio was 1.6 to 1, showing a male predominance. Sixteen patients had supracardiac, 13 cardiac, 3 infracardiac and 5 had a mixed type. The duration of follow up was from 1 month to 60 months [median: 14 months] There were eight early and one late deaths, and the overall mortality was 24%. The deaths during 1 year of life were eight [89%] and only one death [11%] occurred above 1 year of age. The mortality of cardiac type was unusually high, accounting for 56 percent of the total death, which was probably due to the preoperative poor clinical condition such as pulmonary edema and congestive heart failure. The major cause of death was the perioperative myocardial failure, and the survival was closely related to the preoperative clinical status, age and moderately elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, the sign of the elevated pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary venous obstruction. Early diagnosis and early application of surgical intervention is essential to the improved postoperative survival