• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.570-575
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• 2021

Since humans live while feeling rich in their five senses, care must be taken not to damage their hearing in order to lead a happy life. Hearing damage suffered in a living environment is common in a partial band where a specific frequency band is first damaged. However, since the initial pain of hearing damage does not appear much, it is difficult to determine the symptoms in the early stages. In this paper, we proposed a high-speed measurement method that can easily and quickly self-measure hearing damage through a simple app. In this method, 9 pure tones compensated for gain for each voice soub-band are alternately heard in both ears, so that one's own hearing damage can be detected at high speed. When 18 tone pulses were heard for 30 seconds per person, 1 out of 12 subjects was identified as suspected of partial hearing damage. And when the test subjects were informed of the hearing determination method for the number of hearings, the participants themselves immediately determined whether their hearing was damaged. This measurement method simply judges the hearing of both ears within 30 seconds with a smart phone, so that hearing measurements that took more than 10 minutes in hospitals are relatively accurate, and it was found that hearing health can be maintained while reducing time and costs.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.11c
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• pp.577-579
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• 2004

Digital hearing aids enclose $6{\sim}8$ tiny components. Those electromechanical components are individually wired by soldering which is a manual labor and sometimes causes components' damage by heating. This paper suggests a PCB design for overcome these problems. Several PCBs are designed and manufactured and circuited to produce ITE(In The Ear) type hearing aids which are inserted in the ear canal. The most optimal size of the PCB design for the ITE hearing aid is presented in this paper.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.1012-1015
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• 2004

Digital hearing aids enclose $6{\sim}8$ tiny components. Those electromechanical components are individually wired by soldering which is a manual labor and sometimes causes components' damage by heating. This paper suggests a PCB design for overcome these problems. Several PCBs are designed and manufactured and circuited to produce ITE(In-the-Ear) type hearing aids which are inserted in the ear canal. The most optimal size of the PCB design for the ITE hearing aid is presented in this paper.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.19-40
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• 2017

A scientific and objective sound exposure criterion for underwater sound damage on fish has been required since there has been many disputes between an underwater sound maker and a fish damage receiver. The existing criteria are still incomplete scientifically owing to a degree of variability of underwater sounds, diversity of fish hearing sensitivity and damage types, etc. This study reviews existing studies on a hearing mechanism of fish species, manmade underwater sound characteristics and sound exposure assessment parameters, and recent sound exposure criteria. A governing equation for damage coverage estimation and damage coverage dependency on sound source level, ambient noise and transmission loss are also reviewed and interpreted based on sound exposure environments. The foreign and Korean (National Environmental Dispute Medication Commission) criteria are reviewed and compared based on scientific aspects. In addition, the deficit and limit of Korean criteria are presented. The objective of this study is to give a direction for related researches and legislation of sound exposure criteria on fish.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.336-341
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• 2010

One mechanism of inner ear damage by noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Because Korean red ginseng (KRG) has an anti-ROS effect in various tissues, KRG may have a role in preventing NIHL. A window period exists in which ROS formations continue after noise exposure, and further damage can be prevented by antioxidants. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of KRG after exposure to noise. KRG (200 mg/kg) was fed to mice for 3 days after noise exposure. The change in hearing level was analyzed by measuring the auditory brainstem response. To induce a temporary threshold shift (TTS) of hearing, mice were exposed to 110 dB white noise for 3 hours. Fast recovery of hearing was observed in mice fed KRG 1 hour and 1 day after noise exposure for 3 days. The expression of 8-oxoguanine was not observed in the inner ears of mice fed KRG 1 hour after noise exposure, but was evident in the stria vascularis of mice in the control group (noise exposure only). From this study, we conclude that KRG acted as an effective inhibitor of NIHL in TTS cases.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.179-186
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• 2012

The aims of this study are to consider auditory physiological characteristics and to confirm audiological evaluation and interpretation in regards to cases of sensorineural hearing loss that observe an abnormal AB gap. Vestibulosaccular hearing occurs when there is an abnormally large air-bone gap (AB gap) in sensorineural hearing loss, also known as pure cochlear conductive hearing loss. Generally, an AB gap is caused by damage to the external and/or middle ear. In conductive hearing loss, loss of air condition hearing occurs due to a loss of resonance in the outer ear and/or impedance mismatching in the middle ear. Most of these types of hearing loss can be treated medically and surgically. However, there is no medical treatment for an AB gap in sensorineural hearing loss and hearing loss can worsen gradually or suddenly. In addition, many studies have reported that head trauma makes hearing loss even more serious. Therefore, in order to differentiate between conductive hearing losses, it is important to check whether or not there is an enlarged vestibular aqueduct by means of temporal bone computerized tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.21-35
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• 1995

Nowadays aviation noise significantly affects a number of people over the world. This paper is mainly focused on the effect of temporary and permanent hearing loss of cockpit crew, flight attendants, passengers, persons in communities exposed to aircraft overflight. Also this paper describes the human hearing mechanism and the processes of temporary and permanent hearing loss. The results of research are presented and the potential for hearing loss in aviation noise environments evaluated. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) hearing protection criteria are also addressed.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.217-225
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• 1998

In this paper, the analysis of the relation between noise induced hearing loss and noise exposure is described for the A-weighted noise levels and exposure duration. The hearing loss and sensitivity threshold shift is investigated by changing the various parameters such as the effects of aging and noise exposure. Total hearing loss is proportional to a function of exposure level based upon the integral of pressure with time. If the noise exposure term is large so that the presbycusis may be neglected, the hearing loss due to aging and noise exposure becomes the noise induced hearing loss. It is shown that exposure to excessive noise can cause temporary loss of hearing that may become permanent if the exposure is prolonged or intense. An audiogram taken from a person suffering from noise induced hearing loss will usually show the greatest loss of hearing sensitivity in the 4kHz region, which is typically the region most sensitive to damage resulting from many types of industrial noise.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.227-232
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• 2022

Disasters are now becoming commonplace and especially the vulnerable group such as the disabled, the elderly, children and foreigners are in a state of overlapping disasters. In this situation, ATSC 3.0-based UHDTV disaster information service for the visually and hearing impaired has been developing. This study focuses on the demand data collected through in-depth interview with the impaired. The demand analysis data is very important to development process of technology. The results of the interview show that it is essential to link the UHDTV disaster signals with home-network, IoT, wearable devices, and various assistive devices for the impaired (hearing aid, smart light bulbs, warning light, etc.). In outdoor space, UHDTV disaster information must be connected to public display media, digital signage, kiosk, screens in bus or taxi. If communication aids for the visually and hearing impaired are equipped with a function that can transmit and receive disaster information, it will help to minimize disaster damage.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.267-272
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• 2012

Dental professionals are exposed to various occupational risks, among which the problem of hearing damage has been newly revealed. There have been some researches reporting that noise occurring in a dental office exceeds the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) Standards. Especially, the pediatric dentists are repeatedly exposed to an additional noise source called the crying sound of children in addition to all kinds of noises from dental instruments. Accordingly, this study intended to investigate the noise environment likely to affect pediatric dentists and to examine the possibility of resultant hearing damages. The level of noise was measured respectively, when various dental instruments (ultrasonic scaler, high-speed handpiece, low-speed handpiece) are operated, when children are crying, and when both occasions take place simultaneously (from the distance of 30 cm) with a portable noise meter. And the daily duration of pediatric dentists exposed to the noise environment was surveyed. The results were compared with the standard value of noise threshold of NIOSH, OSHA, and that of hearing damage of CRA News letter respectively. Considering the intensity and exposure time, the noise environment of pediatric dentists exceeds the allowable noise threshold values. Even only one exposure to crying child was likely to lead to permanent hearing damage. Comparatively, pediatric dentists have a higher risk for occupational hearing damages, and some active measures are thought highly desirable to minimize it.