• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2007

Purpose: To identify the compliance level with therapeutic regimen among patients with hypertension residing in rural communities. Method: A descriptive-retrospective research design was employed. One hundred patients with hypertension using 8 Primary Health Care Posts under W Public Health Center were randomly recruited on the basis of being over 35 years of age. After obtaining written consent, the patients underwent direct interviews with a structured questionnaire carried out by 8 public health practitioners. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were utilized. Results: In a binary logistic regression model adjusted for age, sex, education, income, and occupation, those who were receiving medication (OR=5.34), were undergoing a weight control program (OR=4.45), restricted alcohol (OR=9.93), or smoking cessation (OR=25.59) as recommended by medical or health professionals were more compliant (p<.05) while those under a low salt diet, exercise, and stress management were not significant statistically (p>.05). Conclusions: Further research should be conducted to validate these findings so as to facilitate the development of nursing intervention strategies for improving the compliance of hypertensive patients in respect to medication and life style modification.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권7호
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• pp.965-973
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a self-care program for elders with osteoarthritis managed by primary health care workers, Community Health Practitioners (CHPs), in rural Korea. Methods: The self-care program, consisting of 7 areas, was evaluated with a randomized experimental study for patients over age 60 with osteoarthritis in which 150 participants in the experimental group and 140 in the control group were compared. The self-care program was implemented for six weeks, 2 hours per week, at community health posts by CHPs. Data were collected using an interview questionnaire given by the CHPs and laboratory tests before and after the intervention for both groups. Propensity score matching analysis was done to test effectiveness after controlling for confounding variables. Results: The intervention group showed a significant decrease in the number of painful joints (p<.001) and a significant increase in self-care ability (p<.05) compared to the control group. Conclusion: Study results indicate that training and utilizing primary health care workers in rural areas is valuable in increasing the generalization and continuity of intervention programs. As arthritis should be managed life-long, CHP directed self-care programs are useful interventions for rural elders with arthritis to learn self-care management.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.204-211
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify visiting nurses' occupational satisfaction and their stress who are working at district health centers in Chungnam province. Methods: The subjects of the study were 109 visiting nurses of 16 district health centers in Chungnam province. The data were collected by self report questionnaires from March 1 to 31, 2010. The data were analyzed by Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, t-test, ANOVA (Sheffe's test), and correlation coefficient using the SPSS program. Results: The results of this study were as follows. The occupational stress level of the subjects was 46.7 and the level of subjects' occupational satisfaction was 2.46. There was a significant negative correlation between occupational satisfaction and occupational stress (r=-.627). Conclusion: The occupational stress level of the subjects, and stress levels of 'work environment', 'job insecurity' and 'organizational structure' were higher than those of the Korean women workers' standard. The level of subjects' occupational satisfaction was lower than that of the nurse practitioners. There was a significant correlation among occupational stress and 'burden of workload' and 'visiting nurse career'. The study showed that occupational stress was correlated with occupational satisfaction. The results suggest that further follow-up study on visiting nurse is necessary to relieve their occupational stress and increase occupational satisfaction.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.969-976
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of the study is to investigate the deciding factors of regular scaling checkup in metropolitan adults. Methods : The subjects were 395 adults of 20s to 50s in Seoul and Gyeonggi province from September 25 to October 4, 2012. Data were self-reported questionnaires. Results : Female tried to receive more regular scaling checkup than male. Dental practitioners were acquainted with the dental knowledge and had more scaling checkup. Those who received dental scaling checkup tended to use dental hygiene products and visit the dentists regularly. Those who receiving good dental health services tended to visit the dental clinics more frequently. Higher knowledge and lower fear of dental treatment lead to frequent regular checkup. There were significant positive correlations between satisfaction, kindness, knowledge of scaling and regular scaling checkup. Fear to dental treatment showed the negative correlation. Conclusions : In order to increase intention degree of regular scaling checkup, it is necessary to develop programs for proper oral health behavior and to improve patient care services by dental hygienist.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2015

Background: Health and safety (H&S) on a construction site can either make or break a contractor, if not properly managed. The usage of Building Information Modeling (BIM) for H&S on construction execution has the potential to augment practitioner understanding of their sites, and by so doing reduce the probability of accidents. This research explores BIM usage within the construction industry in relation to H&S communication. Methods: In addition to an extensive literature review, a questionnaire survey was conducted to gather information on the embedment of H&S planning with the BIM environment for site practitioners. Results: The analysis of responses indicated that BIM will enhance the current approach of H&S planning for construction site personnel. Conclusion: From the survey, toolbox talk will have to be integrated with the BIM environment, because it is the predominantly used procedure for enhancing H&S issues within construction sites. The advantage is that personnel can visually understand H&S issues as work progresses during the toolbox talk onsite.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2019

The applications of information and communication technology (ICT) into real industrial fields are getting great attentions in recent years. More and more industrial practitioners and scientific researchers are conducting studies and trying to adopt the technologies into diverse industrial fields. The purpose of this study is to review the technologies such as big data and smart sensors and to provide application cases in order to facilitate grafting the 4th industrial revolutionary technologies onto the safety and health systems. Based on the comprehensive reviews on literature, reports, and industrial cases, we found that big data technology has been used in industries for investigating work related disease. In addition, digital image technology and drone have been applied to establish safety system in construction industry. Lastly, some companies have tried to apply the technologies to build their own safety and health system.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.319-326
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• 2007

Coastal marine ecosystems continue to suffer unrelenting pressures from human population growth, increased development, and climate change. Moreover, these systems' capacity for self-repair is declining with such increases in anthropogenic production of various pollutants. What is the present health status or condition of the coastal ecosystem? If our coastal areas are unhealthy, which conditions are considered serious? To answer such questions, the United States, Canada, and Australia are currently assessing coastal ecosystem health using systematic monitoring programs as well as identifying and implementing management plans to improve the health of degraded coastal ecosystems. To evaluate marine environments, Korea is currently using a limited number of factors to estimate water quality. In fact, we are ill-prepared for assessing coastal ecosystem health because no biologically specific criteria are in place to measure the responses to various pollutants. We should select ecosystem-specific indicators from physicochemical stressors and evaluate the subsequent biological responses within each ecosystem. Furthermore, a set of practical indicators should be generated by considering the characteristics and uses of a local coastal area and the key issues at hand. The values of indicators should be presented as indices that allow understanding by the general public as well as by practitioners, policy makers, environmental managers and other stakeholders.

• 한국인구학
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.23-35
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• 1981

Health policy is directed to equity in the provision of primary care for rural people before the year of 2, 000. This study aimed to define and identify the need for physician's care by using empirical data, and suggested an alternative of the primary care delivery system in rural areas to the government. 1. Twenty percent of the study population wanted to obtain any form of medical care services. : 9.3 percent of the population was in need for physician's care; 15 percent of the need was met by physicians, while 85 percent remained unmet at the time of survey in 1979. 2. For meeting all the need for physician's primary care, 2.9 annual physician visits per capita are demanded. An alternative, which was devised in some favourable way at reasonable cost in rural settings, was suggested. It was to deploy the physician extender such as community health practitioner in the infrastructure of the health care delivery system, whose supervision is provided by physician, based on experience of the KHDI health demonstration project. 3. One physician, two community health practitioners and two community health aides should be assigned in distant locations for meeting all the estimated need for physician's primary care for 10, 000 rural underserved residents.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.353-377
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• 2000

보건진료소의 보건의료환경 및 근무여건, 업무현황과 개선에 대한 보건진료원의 의견을 파악하여 향후 보건진료소의 발전 방안을 제시하는데 도움을 주고자 경상북도 소재 보건진료소(1996년 330개소, 1999년 313개소)의 운영상황보고서에 의한 업무 변화량을 분석하였으며, 보건진료원 280명의 설문자료를 분석하였다. 운영상황보고서에 의한 보건진료소의 관할인구 추이는 1996년에 비해 1999년에 전반적으로 감소하였으나 노인인구는 증가하였다. 운영상황보고서에 의한 보건진료소의 업무 활동상황은 1996년도에 비해 전반적으로 증가하였고, 진찰 및 투약관리, 검사, 성인병 및 만성질환관리, 노인건강, 가정방문이 특히 증가하였으며, 전염병 관리와 결핵관리에서 부분적인 감소를 보였다. 재정운영상태는 50.4%가 운영이 잘된다고 하였고, 1.4%만이 운영하기 곤란하다고 하였는데, 현 근무지 근무연수가 많을수록(p<0.05), 그리고 도시근교일수확, 인구가 많을수록, 진찰 및 투약건수가 많을수록(p<0.01) 운영이 잘 된다고 하였다. 보건진료원의 직업적 긍지는 전반적으로 긍정적이었는데, 그 중 하는 일의 중요함이 94.6%로 가장 긍정적이었고, 역할과 임무에 대한 만족정도는 현 근무지 근무연수에 따라 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 보건진료원들의 보건기관과 민간의료기관과의 협조정도는 대체로 긍정적이었는데, 보건소와 협조정도는 연령이 많을수록, 근무 경력이 길수록 긍정적인 응답률이 유의하게 높았으며(p<0.01), 현 근무지 근무연수에 따라 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 보건진료원들은 운영협의회, 마을건강원, 지역사회조직과도 협조적이다는 응답이 모두 70% 이상이었다. 보건진료소 사업계획서는 96.4%가 적성하였으며, 제2기 지역보건의료계획서 작성에는 11.4%만이 참여하였다. 관할지역주민의 혈압과 흡연여부를 70% 이상 파악하고 있는 보건 진료원은 각각 88.2%, 63.9% 였는데, 혈압파악률은 보건진료원의 연령이 많을수록(p<0.01), 교육정도가 전문대학 이하인 경우(p<0.05)에서 높았다. 보건진료원의 지난 3년 동안에 보수교육외 교육 참여율, 연구사업 참여율은 각각 27.5%로 저조했으며, 보건진료소 수입으로 주민환원 사업을 실시한 경우는 65.4%였다. 보건진료원들이 생각하는 보건진료소의 필요 정도는 국가적 측면, 소속시군 측면, 관할지역 측면에서 모두 95% 이상이 매우 필요 또는 필요하다고 하였으며, 53.9%가 보건진료소의 역할이 증대되어야 한다고 하였다. 지금까지 폐쇄 및 폐쇄 예정된 보건진료소에 대하여 보건진료원은 담당 부서의 보건진료소 업무에 대한 인식부족 및 행정편의, 보건진료원의 신분이 법률로 보장되지 않은 별정직이어서, 단체장의 의지 등을 주된 이유로 제시하였다. 보건진료원은 향후 보건진료소에 대한 평가기준에 대해 노인 및 만성질환자 등의 보건의료서비스 대상자수, 주민의 의견, 인구 규모, 일상생활권을 고려한 교통상황 등의 순으로 제시하였으며, 보건진료원에 대한 평가기준으로는 보건사업실적, 주민과의 유대정도, 진료실적, 행정 및 업무처리 능력 등의 순으로 제시하였다. 객관적인 평가 후 일정기준이하의 보건진료소에 대한 향후 대처 방안에 대해서 보건진료원은 현 구조 유지하면서 업무개선, 도시 의료취약지역으로의 보건진료소 위치 조정 등을 많이 제시하였다. 보건진료소의 가장 필요한 개선부문으로는 절반 이상인 52.5%가 보건진료원의 업무조정이라고 하였으며, 향후 보건진료소가 중점적으로 추진하여야 한 사업으로는 당뇨 및 고혈압 관리, 방문보건사업, 노인보건사업 등이 중요하다고 하였다. 향후 보건진료소가 일차보건의료의 가치체계를 잘 반영하는 조직이 되기 위하여는 지역사회 보건의료요구에 부합하는 업무개선이 이루어져야 하겠으며, 만성질환관리사업, 방문보건사업, 노인보건사업 등이 활성화 되어야 하겠다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.95-108
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• 1991

The World Health Organization and its member states, in 1978, declared that primary health care is a key to attain the goal of Health for All by the goal of Health for All by the yeas 2000. As a member state of WHO, the Republic of Korea has participated in the declaration of ALMA-ATA and committed to put national efforts for devedoping and implementing primary health care approach with the spirit and content of this Declaration. Since 1978, to translate the spirit of the Declaration into realization, Korean goverment has developed a new category of health manpower such as Community Health Practitioners serving people living in remote rural areas and Village Health Workers serving voluntarily their own village, strengthened the function of Health Centers and Health Subcenters through their reorientation and improved the infrastructure by their new construction or renovation. While primary health care is viewed as an essential health care in Korea, there are some circles who follow a narrow definition in referring to the health care at the periphey of a health system, which is erroneous. Considering the PHC is accepted as the best alternative approach to health care to solve problems that modern health systems are facing, we propose the followings as desirable health policy directions that modern health systems are facing, we propose the followings as desirable health policy directions which might translate the persopective into action at the national level after reviewing past and current PHC approach in Korea : 1. To improve the equity through the reduction of gaps between those who have access to health care and those who have not. 2. To reinforce multisectoral approach and intersectoral coordination through the re- establishment of the National Health Council or establishment of equivalent organization at the central level. 3. To stengthen community participation through lacal people's empowerment by leadership training, changing planning process from the top-down approach to bottom-up and giving the priority to human resources rater than technology, 4. To reinforce the Ministries of Health and Social Affairs through upgrading its role and function to Coordinate Ministries which involve human welfare policies, and creating a Division which is in charge of PHC in the Ministry.