• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.61-73
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• 2008

Purpose: Several health behavior factors affect the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Especially, obesity, which causes insulin resistance, is the most important determinant of diabetes. Therefore, we expect the risk factors associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are affected by obesity and, additionally, the related factors with diabetes caused by obesity can be controlled. Methods: This study used data collected from the 2001 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). A stratified multistage probability sampling method was applied and the final sample included 5,500 subjects over 30 years old who had completed necessary health examinations and health behaviors survey. Results: The risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes are affected by obesity. According to logistic regression model stratified by body mass index (BMI) and sex, abdominal obesity and age were the significant risk factors of diabetes regardless of sex and BMI. However, drinking, smoking, total energy consumption, and protein consumption were risk factors for women with normal BMI, while carbohydrate consumption was a risk factor for man with normal BMI. Sleeping hours affected diabetes for women with obesity and fiber consumption was a risk factor for both women and men with obesity. In addition, statistically the family history of diabetes was a significant risk factor only in the group with normal weight, not in the group with obesity. Conclusion: The study results will provide information for implementing a regional initiative of type 2 diabetes prevention by BMI.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.87-97
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• 2013

Objectives: Recent movements in urban planning propose a promotion of health condition as one of its emerging topics as growing body of evidence suggests that individual health is correlated with the built environment. The concept of healthy city was introduced in Korea and many local governments were tried to implement relevant policies. However, empirical studies were insufficient for understanding the relationship between health and the built environment. Most studies and policies were viewed and implemented from public health perspective. The purpose of this study is to estimate a value of healthy city as an activity-friendly environment. Methods: The 195-respondent survey data in Seoul Metropolitan Area was used for estimating the perception of healthy cities. Results: Survey results reported that more than 90% of respondents did walking and/or biking regularly. Moreover, they were willing to pay won3,695 per month for creating healthy cities. Conclusions: This study confirmed that the consideration of built environmental factor was necessary in policies of healthy city. This can offer insights into how to manage and develop the policies of healthy city to help promote individual health conditions.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.321-322
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• 1996

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 1998

This study was undertaken in order to examine the relationship of hardiness and health-promoting behavior and the effects of hardiness on stress-related physical symptoms. The subjects were 104 female nursing students of one college in Kongju. The instruments used for this study were a survey of general characteristics, hardiness(25 items), health-promoting behavior(44 items), and physical symptoms(35 items), Analysis of data was done by use of mean, Pearson correlation coefficient, stepwise regression and a hierarchical multiple regression with an SAS program. The results of this study are as follows. 1) Significant correlations between health -promoting behavior and subscales of hardiness, that is, control(r=-.35, P<.00l), commitment(r= -.29, P<.0l), and challenge(r= -.23, p<.05) were found. 2) Control was the highest factor predicting health -promoting behavior. 3) Main and buffering effects of hardiness on current physical symptoms were not found.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.21
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• pp.9475-9478
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• 2014

Cancer is the third highest cause of premature mortality in Iran. We aimed to determine trend of common cancers in Khuzestan province, Iran. Methods: It was a hospital based survey on 4065 subjects from their hospital files, those had registered as cancer case in Shafa hospital which has known as a biggest center of cancer in khuzestan province, Iran during 2005-2011.All data has entered by SPSS (version 19), descriptive statistic and adjusted odds ratio of common cancers for age and sex were calculated from multiple logistic regression model. Results: From all subjects; (51% & 49%) were male and female respectively. The most frequent age group was 60-50 years and common cancers were breast 16%, colorectal 6.3%, blood 2%, lung 8% and stomach 8%. Conclusion: Prevalence of cancers has increased markedly with age in Khuzestan Providence. Therefore, it is essential to prevent through early prevention, using screening and identifying cases in initial stages.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.51-60
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• 2011

Although the comparative advantage of cities is emphasized in the context of transition into an information-oriented society and globalization, it is difficult to define the concept and evaluate the status of each city. There have been many studies and appraisals on urban competitiveness with common features of subjective standards by researchers. This study aims at extracting determinants of competitive advantage of location by not normative but data-based approach, and deals with panel data concerning 21 cities in capital region. Factor Analysis, a kind of multivariate methods, is taken up for the purpose and results in various findings. Time-serial 5-factor models constructed by the analysis show temporal variability in the determinants and have non-exhaustive and overlapped categories. This study also finds that 'educational base' is emphasized as a leading determinant and 'health, welfare and public services' factor is getting more important. The other potential factor explaining variables such as college and museum is also emerging, which is considered as an element to attract people from outside. And the fact that traditionally expected factors regarding industrial or productive basis is not drawn out indicates the other way of thinking on the relationship between the essential function of cities and industrial foundation.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.23-31
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• 2015

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to determine consumers' awareness of hygiene and the perceived risks in the service areas of coffee shops and diners, or simply coffee shops. Research design, data, and methodology - A literature review was conducted on related publications, essays, and periodicals to find correlations among the variables. We developed a research model and hypothesis, and conducted empirical research for statistical data analysis. Results - The results satisfied adequacy standards, with GFI=0.926, AGFI=0.901, RMR=0.020, NFI=0.941, X²=403.197, and p-value=0.120. The results also displayed satisfied adequacy standards for the moderating effects of shop types, with GFI=0.998 (≥0.9 desirable), AGFI=0.998 (≥0.9 desirable), RMR=0.004 (≤0.05 desirable), NFI=0.999 (≥0.9 desirable), X²=1.572, and p-value=0.814 (≥0.05 desirable). Conclusions - A higher consumer hygienic awareness results in a better brand image. Moreover, greater perceived risk results in a worse brand image. Perceived risk is a vital determinant of brand image and it deeply influences customers' decisions to visit. Therefore, perceived risk is a vital determinant of forming a brand image and must be incorporated when devising strategies.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.352-358
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Nutrition is a determinant factor of health in elderly people. Independent living in elderly people can be maintained or enhanced by improvement of nutritional behavior. Hence, the present study was conducted to determine the impact of Health Belief Model (HBM)-based intervention on the nutritional behavior of elderly women. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Cluster-random sampling was used to assess the sample of this clinical trial study. The participants of this study attended a 12-week nutrition education program consisting of two (2) sessions per week. There was also a follow-up for another three (3) months. Smart PLS 3.5 and SPSS 19 were used for structural equation modeling, determination of model fitness, and hypotheses testing. RESULTS: The findings indicate that intervention had a significant effect on knowledge improvement as well as the behavior of elderly women. The model explained 5 to 70% of the variance in nutritional behavior. In addition, nutritional behavior was positively affected by the HBM constructs comprised of perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, perceived benefits, and barriers after the intervention program. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that HBM-based educational intervention has a significant effect in improving nutritional knowledge and behavior among elderly women.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.608-614
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative importance among various biological and environmental factors on refractive errors. Various factors such as diseases, health related behavior such as drinking, smoking and exercise, as well as dietary factors were considered as a possible determinant. Surveys of 492 residents over 20 years of age in Kuri city were conducted during 1998. The survey included a refractive error test adopting a autokerato-refractometer, dietary survey using a 24 hour recall method, disease survey including blood and other diagnosis tests, and a health behavior survey using questionnaires with variables of smoking, drinking, and exercise. A stepwise logistic regression analysis was adopted to analyse the relative importance among independent variables of health behaviors, disease, and dietary factors on ametropias. As a result, in the case of myopia, liver dysfunction appeared to be the most important factors followed by the health related behavior of smoking and exercise as the second most important factors. Nutrient factors such as carotene and protein appeared to be the third most important factors. Similar results had been shown in the case of the hyperopia. In summary, liver dysfunction and the health related behaviors of drinking and smoking appeared to be more influential factors on abnormal eye sight of myopia and hyperopia than dietary factors.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.2983-2988
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• 2016

Recognizing cancer patients' preferences to obtain health information can help improve and reform the methods of communicating and providing proper services and consequently lead to effective patient education. The present cross-sectional study to prioritize the preferences of cancer patients regarding the acquisition of health informationwas conducted on cancer patients referred to hospitals affiliated to Semnan University of Medical Sciences in 2015. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was developed. In the field of side effects of medications, 50 (46.7%) reported knowing about weight change, in the area of achieving relative health, 62(57.9%) announced awareness about diet, and 45 (42.1%) reported physical complications as a first regarding information needs. In the area of obtaining information, 50 (46.7%) tended to take their information through means outside of the hospital setting. These results can help with design of clinical information systems, as they inform the most relevant and useful coverage designed for cancer patients. Providing useful information through healthcare providers, the media and clinical information systems can act as a major source of social support for cancer patients.