• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 2011

Purpose: This study seeks to assess the educational needs pertaining to staff competency for alcohol prevention services in the workplace. Methods: The subjects were staff in charge of alcohol prevention services in four organizations. A questionnaire was modified pursuant to the IC & RC (International Certification & Reciprocity Consortium) Certified Prevention Specialist role delineation. The questionnaire consisted of five domains with 27 items. Data were collected via the self-administered questionnaire from October to November of 2009. 400 questionnaires were mailed and 144(36.0%) were returned. The collected data were analyzed using the Borich's needs assessment model and with SPSS/WIN 15.0. Results: Overall mean scores for the importance levels of competency ratings were 3.79, while the performance levels of the competency were 2.13 and Borich's need results were 6.32. Public Health and Mental Health Center showed the highest degree of educational needs in terms of education & program development (p=.022). Conclusion: The perceived importance levels pertaining to staff competency for alcohol prevention services in the workplace were higher than those of the current performance levels. Staff working for alcohol prevention services in the workplace showed a different level of educational need as regards these competency levels according to service providers. To promote the effectiveness of alcohol prevention services in the workplace, the development of an educational program to meet the needs of the service providers is necessary.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.674-683
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• 2010

The current study was performed to examine the agricultural suitability of the cultivated upland nearby abandoned mining areas in Korea using three different scientific risk assessment models of Korea, USA and UK. For this, three mining sites DM, MG and KS were selected among 687 abandoned mines through preliminary risk assessment. A wide range of parameters were obtained through analysis of both soil and crop samples from the selected areas for heavy metal concentration and questionnaires to the communities along with the selected mining sites. Heavy metal concentration in soil samples was lower than the values previously reported by the Ministry of Environment (ME, 2002). However, both As and Cd concentration in the soil samples exceeded the concern level for agricultural area of the Soil Environment Conservation Act. Judging from the contaminant criteria for the crops, only Zn level in pepper, soybean and corn from the mining area DM exceeded the criteria whereas As, Cd, $Cr^{6+}$, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb did not exceed the criteria. It was demonstrated that there would be human health risk by Pb accumulated in crops from both mining areas MG and KS when estimated by the risk assessment models of Korea and USA. Against it, results of the risk assessment model of UK showed human health risk by Pb in the crops from all study areas.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.85-95
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• 2001

This study was performed to explore the family support. the quality of marital relationship, and health promoting behaviors of the mature gravidas. and to validate the relationship between them. From November, 1999 to June. 2000. mature gravidas older than 35(N=82) were recruited from K University Hospital located in Seoul and Kyungki Province. Korea. Data was collected using a self-rating method and semi-structured interview. The questionnaires were: Perceived Social Support from Family developed by Procidano & Heller (1983). Quality of Marital Index by Norton (1983). and Health Promoting Life-style Profile by Walker, Sechrist, & Pender (1987), Interviews were conducted using the interview guide with open-ended questions related to health concerns and health promoting behaviors. Data was analyzed using a pc-SAS program for quantitative data. The levels of the perceived family support and the quality of marital relationship were relatively high. The relationship between perceived family support and quality of marital relationship, and health promoting life-style behaviors was statistically significant. Six themes emerged as primary concerns for the mature gravidas during childbearing: 'Concerns related to the fetal wellbeing', 'Concerns related to fetal education', 'Concerns related to the maternal physical health', 'Concerns related to the maternal emotional health', 'Concerns related to safe delivery' and 'Concerns related to child-rearing'. Nursing implications for practice include expanding prenatal assessment inventories to address the concerns and support system of mature gravidas.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.495-504
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• 2000

Objectives : To examine various dimensions of consumer ratings of health care service with factor analysis and to find which factors influence the overall quality of health care service. Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted on outpatients of a general hospital located in Sungnam City. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the consumer's ratings of health care service received. The response rate was 92.8% with a total of 537 persons completing the questionnaire. Factor analysis was performed on 34 items evaluating the quality of health care service. Items were grouped into 5 dimensions as a result of factor analysis and the reliability and validity of influence on patient service assessment were evaluated for each dimension. Results : The 5 dimensions were as follows, 1) physician services, 2) non-physician services, 3) process 4) facilities, and 5) cleanliness A positive correlation with the quality of health care service was found for the dimensions of non-physician services and process, while no significant correlation was found for the dimensions of physician services, facilities, and cleanliness. Conclusions : The result of this study may provide basic information for the development of future self-administered questionnaires of consumer ratings and for the evaluation of quality improvement activities in hospital outpatient settings.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to observe the changes of the pain, fatigue, perceived health status, disability in ADL, and depression after Tai Chi for arthritis. Method: The subjects were 19 osteoarthritis women enrolled at one primary health care post. They have agreed to participate in this study, and participated in the 12-week Tai Chi program from Dec. 2006 to Mar. 2007, and all the measurement processes in right after, 2 months later, and 4 months later after Tai Chi program. The measurement tools of this study were all self-reported questionnaires such as Numerical Rating Scale (0-100) for pain, fatigue, and perceived health status, Korean-WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis) Index for joint stiffness, Korean Health Assessment Questionnaire, and CES-Depression scale. Results: The repeated measure ANOVA revealed the significant differences on pain among the right after, 2 months later, and 4 months later the program. Especially 2 months later after program, pain was significantly increased than right after by t-test. There were no significant differences on fatigue, perceived health status, disability in ADL, and depression. Conclusion: Pain was increased after Tai Chi for arthritis program, but fatigue, perceived health status, disability in ADL, and depression were not changed until 4 months after Tai Chi program.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.636-641
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the oral health recognition and aesthetic interest of flight attendant. The data was collected 314 flight attendant from June to July 2014 in A Airlines. Questionnaires were used to measure the levels of the health & oral health recognition, experience and requirement of oral esthetic therapy. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, T-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, structural equating model by the PASW Statistics 18.0 program. According to the research result, oral health awareness were not healthier than general health. Oral health was an important factor to influence the external image. The flight attendant received aesthetic dental care to improve the external image. However, self-assessment results that oral health condition was significantly lower. Therefore they are required oral care practice with aesthetic dental care.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.159-163
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• 2018

Background: Fatigue and sleepiness are inter-related and common among road transport drivers. In this study, sleep deprivation and fatigue among chemical transportation drivers were examined. Methods: A cross-sectional study surveying 107 drivers from three hazardous types of chemical production and transportation industries (nonflammable gases, flammable gases, and flammable liquids) was conducted. Data on sleep deprivation were collected using questionnaires of the Stanford Sleeping Scale and the Groningen Sleep Quality Scale. Fatigue was assessed using an interview questionnaire and a flicker fusion instrument. Results: Chemical drivers had a mean sleeping scale (Stanford Sleeping Scale) of 1.98 (standard deviation 1.00) and had a mean score of 1.89 (standard deviation 2.06) on the Groningen Sleep Quality Scale. High-risk drivers had higher scores in both the Stanford Sleeping Scale and the Groningen Sleep Quality Scale with a mean score of 2.59 and 4.62, respectively, and those differences reached statistical significance (p < 0.05). The prevalence of fatigue, as assessed through a critical flicker fusion analyzer, subjective fatigue question, and either of the instruments, was 32.32%, 16.16%, and 43.43%, respectively. Drivers who slept <7 hours and had poor sleep quality were found to have more fatigue than those who slept enough and well. Drivers who had a more sleepiness score resulted in significantly more objective fatigue than those who had a less sleepiness score. Conclusion: Sleep quality and sleeping hour can affect a driver's fatigue. Optimization of work-rest model should be considered to improve productivity, driver retention, and road safety.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 2016

Objective : Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is known to reduce the quality of sleep and is associated with various psychiatric disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of PMS with depression, sleep qulity and sleep pattern in Korean female adolescents. Methods : Out of 867 high school female students, 400 female subjects were included in this study. All participants completed self-report questionnaires that included demographic variables, shortened premenstrual assessment form (SPAF), patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), insomnia severity index (ISI) and Korean translation of composite scale (CS). A total of 394 individuals who completed the questionnaires were analyzed. Results : As score of SPAF, 143 subjects was defined PMDD group. They had more prevalence of eveningness, more depressive symptom, poorer sleep quality, and more excessive sleepiness than non-PMDD groups. Although the PMDD groups showed more menstrual dysmenorrhea, no difference was found in bleeding duration and cycle. PMS symptom had correlations with depression, poorer sleep quality and excessive sleepiness during the daytime. There was no difference in sleep duration between two groups, but PMS might have a relationship with eveningness of chronotype. Conclusions : Among Korean female high school students, the PMS might have an association with depression and poor sleep quality, and it might lead to daytime impairment due to excessive sleepiness. An appropriate evaluation of PMS could be helpful in determining the mental health condition of adolescents.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.51-72
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to compar self-reported fatigue and fatigue-regulating behaviors of rheumatoid arthritic patients and normal persons. This study collected the data from 75 rheumatoid arthritic patents visited the departments of internal medicine or orthopedics of four general hospitals T-city and K-city by means of direct interview and questionnaires. in this study also collected data from 75 normal persons who had not been exposed to any other disease in T-city and K-city by means of direct interviews anti questionnaires which were conducted by two trained nurses. This experiment was conducted from August 1, 1998 to October 15, 1998. This study used both MAP(Multi-Dimentional Assessment of Fatigue) developed by Belza(1995) to measure fatigue and the measurement developed by Kwon, Young-Eun to investigate fatigue regulating behaviors. The collected materials were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, t-test, and the ANCOVA according to the SPSS PC+ program. The findings are as follows : 1. There was the statistically significant difference(t =5.07, p=.000), between rheumatoid arthritic patients(32.76 points) and normal persons(25.81 points) in t-test comparison by group about fatigue. A fatigue degree of rheumatoid arthritic patient group was high in five kinds of lower realms such as common fatigue degree, fatigue severity to be experienced, distress due to fatigue, daily fatigue degree, and fatigue timing at the last week by dimension. 2. There was the significant difference in the number of fatigue-regulating behaviors between rheumatoid of fatigue arthritic patients(9.37 times) and normal persons (8.15 times), but there wasn't any significant difference in the efficiency between rheumatoid arthritic patients(2.85 points) and normal persons (2.78 points) This research suggests two kinds of things as follows : 1. It is necessary to develop an educational program for improving efficiency of fatigue-regulating behaviors as well as some nursing arbitration measures for reducing fatigue of rheumatoid arthritic patients. 2. It is necessary for the future studies to continuously grasp characteristics of fatigue by gender variable by selecting more rheumatoid arthritic male patients.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.27-42
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• 2011

Purpose: This study intended to improve quality of prehospital emergency care for trauma patients by figuring out its current situations and problems based on run-sheets and questionnaires of 119 emergency medical technicians (EMTs). Methods: This study conducted a research of 425 trauma patients transferred to the 3rd hospital in G-city by 119 ambulances from July 1, 2008 to June 30, 2009. We aslo utilized 114 copies with questionnaires of 119 EMTs working in J-province. The data were analyzed with SPSS 18.0. Results: There were 425 trauma patients including 272 men and 137 patients with traffic accident. When it comes to types of 119 EMTs who delivered cares to patients, there were 206 (48.5%) advanced EMTs, 101 (23.8%) basic EMTs, 50 (11.8%) nurses and 43 (10.2%) rescue education receivers. The most frequent measured vital sign was pulse rate (54.1%). Regarding assessment of systolic blood pressure, pulse rate and respiration rate, there were some significant differences in accordance with type of 119 EMTs. Among the 317 patients evaluated 'emergency' in field, 137 patients returned to their home. Prehospital emergency cares accounted for 861, around 2.0 treatments per a patient. In view of questionnaire, the 74.6% of 119 EMTs hoped supplement of man power for proper prehospital care to trauma patients. Conclusion: This study suggested that it is necessary to develop detailed guidelines for trauma patients so as to improve quality of trauma patient evaluation and prehospital care. Furthermore, improvement of emergency care systems will reduce mortality of trauma patients and lead to their good outcome.