• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.766-779
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the burden on families who live with an elderly person suffering from senile dementia, and the degree of their depression. There were 400 participants in this study, staying in the Seoul and Kyonggi areas from August 1, 1997 to February 28, 1998. Among the group, 100 participants took care of their patient at home, and another 300 participants left 100 patient at a day-care center, 100 sanatorium for senile dementia(asylum for helpless elderly people), 100 an infirmary for elderly people. Eventually 242 subjects out of the 400 were selected for the data analysis. The Zarit (1980) tool was employed to measure the degree of burden and Zung's(1965) “Self-Rating Depression Scale” was employed for the data analysis. The data was analyzed, and the percentage, t-test, ANOVA and Person's Correlation Coefficient were calculated. The results are as follows : 1. The average degree of burden that care-giving families felt was 49.13, which is somewhat high. 2. The average degree of depression that care -giving families felt was 51.95, which is relatively high. 3. The degree of burden was directly affected by the relation with the patient(F＝2.48, P＜.05), and the socio-economic status of the family(F＝5.17, P＜.05). Its also affected by the patient's educational status(F＝2.17, P＜.05). 4. The degree of depression of the family was significantly dependent on sex(t＝-2.05, P＜.05), age (F＝2.99, P＜.05), the relationship with the patient(F＝3.65, P＜.01), socio-economic status (F＝7.74, P＜.001), occupation(t＝2.82, P＜.01), health status(F＝4.42, P＜.01), and the place of residence(F＝4.30, P＜.01), The patient characteristics was significantly dependent on his/her educational status(F＝3.85, P＜.01), the period of suffering from senile dementia(F＝2.47, P＜.05), and smoking habit(F＝6.17, P＜.001). 5. The relationship between the degree of burden and that of depression reads r＝0.43, which is statistically positive correlation in the high significant level. Upon analyzing the entire summation, most care-givers for elderly patients suffering from senile dementia lack time in caring for themselves. They also experience chronic fatigue and mental discomfort caused by the isolation from society, curtailment of certain activities, a sense of responsibility for their patients, and limits of their endurance in taking care of their patients over time. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the necessity for the following propositions : 1. In order to measure the degree of burden that Korean care-giving families undergo, a new tool must be developed on the basis of Korean culture. 2. An educational program based on the demands that care-giving families undergo must be developed, and its clinical effect also has to be examined.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.56-62
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• 2017

Objectives : The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychological distress and pain in cancer patients. Methods : 249 patients with cancer who visited National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital between April 2013 and March 2014 were evaluated with National Cancer Center Psychological Symptom Inventory(NCC-PSI) which consisted of Modified Distress Thermometer(MDT) and Modified Impact Thermometer(MIT). Each scale was divided into 3 subscales targeting separate symptoms: insomnia, anxiety, and depression. Psychological distress was defined as positive for those who scored above the cutoff values in at least one of all six subscales. The Numeric Rating Scale for Pain(NRS-Pain) was used to assess the subjective severity of pain. Logistic regression was performed to investigate the association between psychological distress and pain. Results : Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that pain, gender, compliance, and two subscale scores of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS) were significantly associated with psychological distress. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that pain and HADS anxiety subscale score maintained a statistically significant association with psychological distress adjusted for variables including age, gender, years of education, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, cancer stage, Charlson Comorbidity Index, compliance, and HADS depression subscale score. One point increase in pain was 1.31 times more likely to cause psychological distress. In secondary analysis, pain was significantly associated with all subscales of NCC-PSI, except MIT-anxiety subscale. Conclusions : This study suggests that NCC-PSI, a screening tool for psychological distress, reflects pain. We recommend that physicians who treat cancer patients consider the examination of psychological distress which provides comprehensive evaluation of various factors regarding quality of life.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.6 s.220
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• pp.35-45
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate productive activities effect on psychological well-being in the elderly. As people grow older, the level of physical function and psychological well-being is decreased. But We verified maintaining productive activities could make buffering effect on psychological well-being. And We investigate what kind of productive activities could effect on psychological well-being by gender. As a result, there were differences in self efficacy belief, life satisfaction and depression by age, education, absence of spouse, subjective economic status and physical function. Group activity and domestic labor had on affirmative effect on self efficacy belief in male and female elder. Learning activity had on positive effect on life satisfaction in female. Depression was negative influenced by voluntary activity and domestic labor in female and pay work, group activity and domestic labor in male.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.83-91
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was done to examine the differences in the fluid volume deficit according to levels of depression and BMI. The results of this study will provide fundamental information for developing nursing interventions for hydration management. Method: The participants were 51 hospitalized elderly people in K province. Data were collected from September 4 to 30, in 2006. A structured questionnaire was used for the data collection. Frequencies, Percentages, Means, Standard Deviation, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Kruskal-Wallis test were used with the SPSS Program to analyze the data. Results: There were significant differences in the fluid volume deficit between elders in the depressed and normal groups. Participants who had a BMI of less than $21kg/m^2$ had the highest fluid volume deficit. Conclusion: Water is an essential part of the human body although it is least studied in elderly people. Health care providers need to increase awareness of the importance of hydration status among hospitalized elderly people with chronic illnesses.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.226-233
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• 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the subjective level of health-related quality of life of Korean healthcare workers using various quality-of-life instruments. Methods: This study included 992 participants, who were doctors and nurses. A survey was conducted between November 28 and December 4, 2019. Data from 954 participants divided into 3 groups (physicians, residents, and nurses) were analyzed. Four measurement tools (29 questions) were used in the survey to evaluate subjective health status and well-being. Results: In the Mayo Well-being Index, burnout during work (88.5%) and emotional difficulties caused by work (84.0%) were frequently cited by the respondents. Regarding questions on burnout and emotional difficulties, residents and nurses had the highest scores (91.0 and 89.6%, respectively). Emotional problems, such as anxiety, depression, and irritability, accounted for a high percentage (73.1%) of the total, while 82.2% of respondents reported that their work schedules interfered with their leisure and family time. There was no significant difference among the groups in subjective health status. However, 10.1% of the residents experienced very low quality of life, which was a higher proportion than that of physicians (2.7%) and nurses (5.2%). Conclusions: The level of well-being that Korean medical workers experienced in relation to work was lower than the results of the United States healthcare workers surveyed using the same tool. This study was unique in that it conducted a subjective quality-of-life survey on Korean healthcare workers.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.4669-4675
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• 2012

Smoking among adolescents is a major public health problem. This study was performed to determine the association between cigarette smoking and depression Symptoms of high school students. Data were drawn from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey 2009. Subjects were 36,657 high school students living in the community. Adjusting for covariates (sex, school year, school education, economics, school record, hours of sleep per day, self-reported stress, self reported happiness, self-reported health status, suicidal thinking), smoker(OR=1.43, 95% CI: 1.35-1.50), 10~19 cigarettes per day(OR=1.48, 95% CI: 1.22-1.79) and more than 20 cigarettes per day(OR=2.05, 95% CI: 1.59-2.64) were independent risk factors for depression Symptoms. It was found that cigarette smoking is a independent factor related to adolescent depression. Adolescent smoking cessation is needed to management of adolescent depression.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.79-86
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine levels of self-care behavior according to levels of depression among patients with heart failure (HF). Methods: Participants in this descriptive research were 169 outpatients with HF who being seen in three university hospitals and one general hospital located in B, Y, and D cities. Data were collected using the Korean version of the Center for Epidemiologic Depression Scale and European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale. Data collection period was from April 25, 2012 to September 26, 2013. Data were analyzed using Chi-square tests and ANOVAs with SPSS WIN 21.0. Results: A higher proportion of patients who were female, without a spouse, with lower household income, not employed, and having lower functional status with serious symptoms of HF tended to be clinically depressed. HF patients with depression tended not to report symptom changes to their health care providers. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate the need to screen for depression in patients with HF and to develop strategies to improve self-care behaviors in these patients in order to promote reporting of symptom changes to health care providers.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.635-643
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• 2017

This study examines the relationship between emotional labor and depression in dental hygienists. Data were collected from 186 dental hygienists working in dental clinics in Daegu from early March to early April 2016. The survey was composed of questionnaires related to general characteristics, work-related characteristics, emotional labor, and depression. As a result of analyzing the subordinate factors of emotional labor, 57.0% of the factors of 'organization support and protection system' were the highest, and the effect of emotional labor on depression was 'emotionaldisharmony and damage', 'Organizational support and protection system', and especially, the ' emotionaldisharmany and damage' factors were 4.042 times higher than normal. The dental hygienist's degree of emotional labor risk is high, and education, prevention and management measures for emotional labor will be prepared. In addition, emotional labor affects the depression of dental hygienists as well, and comprehensive mental health measures are needed to take into consideration general and occupational characteristics that affect depression.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.1721-1731
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• 2011

This study was performed to determine the levels of depression symptoms among community elderlies and to reveal its related factors, specifically aimed at revealing social and family supports. The interviews were performed, during the period from July 1, to August 31, 2010, to 412 elderlies in urban areas. As a results, significantly higher level of depression symptoms was laid on those with lower social supports and family supports(p=0.000), and the subjects' depression was a negative correlation with social and family support. On multiple regression analysis, the level of depression symptoms was influenced by the variables of social and family support, with or without disability of visual acuity, sense of satisfaction in daily life, number of friends, educational level, with or without spouse, activity of hobbies and urinary incontinence. In conclusion, the level of depression symptoms was so complicatedly influenced by variable factors as well as socio-demographic characteristics, health-related behaviors, health status, social support net-work and social activities. Especially, the level of depression symptoms was more influenced by social supports and family supports.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.82-92
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• 2010

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors of suicidal ideation among the elderly in Korea. Methods: This cross-sectional study used secondary data of the 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The participants were 1,097 elderly Koreans who responded to the health survey. Sociodemographics, health related characteristics, and the prevalence of suicidal ideation were obtained through face-to-face interviews. Risk factors of the suicidal ideation were also examined. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results: Of the 1,097 respondents, 30.5% had suicidal ideation during the past year. Depression and stress were the important risk factors; others included mobility, pain/discomfort, chronic illness, smoking, sleep, and leisure time physical activity. Sociodemographic characteristics such as gender, education, and marital status affected suicidal ideation. Conclusion: The high frequency of suicidal ideation in the elderly suggests the necessity of community-based interventions directed at depression and stress.