• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.24-45
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• 2006

In recent years, the labor consciousness is gradually valued. During the process of pursuing sustainable operation, the enterprises treat occupational hazard risk as the waste of cost. The purpose of OHSAS 18000 occupational security and health management system is to systematically establish the business managerial measures in terms of occupational security and calamity prevention. This research proceeded with questionnaire analysis with respect to the relationship between the OHSAS 18000 system implementation and competitiveness in Taiwan's industries. The research result revealed that there was significant relationship between Taiwan firms' execution of OHSAS 18000 system and industry competitiveness. Thus, the enterprises can decide the proper managerial plans according to the result of their own risk evaluation to prevent the happening of accidents and reduce the operational cost. They can thus completely control business occupational hazard risk through "systematic" management.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.46-53
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• 2011

The risk assessment of thermal behavior and runaway reaction cased by an exothermic batch process in manufacture of the vinyl acetate resin are described in the present paper. The aim of the study was to evaluate the risk of runaway reaction with operating parameters such as a reaction inhibitor, reaction temperature and a mount of methanol charged in the vinyl acetate polymerization process. The experiments were performed by a sort of calorimetry with the Multimax reactor system as a screening tool to investigate runaway reaction. From the experimental results, it was found that we could occur the auto acceleration for reaction of raw materials with operating parameters over $65^{\circ}C$ of reaction temperature in the vinyl acetate polymerization process.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.149-156
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• 2002

The detection of many synthetic chemicals used in industry that may pose a genetic hazard in our environment is of great concern at present. Since these substances are not limited to the original products, and enter the environment, they have become widespread environmental pollutants, thus leading to a variety of chemicals that possibly threaten the public health. In this respect, to regulate and to evaluate the chemical hazard will be important to environment and human health. The clastogenicity of 18 synthetic chemicals was evaluated in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells in vitro. 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethyl phenol (CAS No. 88-04-0) induced chromosomal aberrations with significance at the concentration of 15.7 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation system. Phenoxybenzene (CAS No. 101-84-8) which is one of the most cytotoxic chemical among 18 chemicals tested revealed no clastogenicity in the range of 0.11-0.43 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation system. From the results of chromosomal aberration assay with 18 synthetic chemicals in Chinese hamster lung cells in vitro, 4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl phenol (CAS No. 88-04-0) revealed weak positive clastogenic results in this study.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2004

To validate and to estimate the chemical hazard playa very important role to environment and human health. The detection of many synthetic chemicals used in industry that may pose a genetic hazard in our environment is of great concern at present. Since these substances are not limited to the original products, and enter the environment, they have become widespread environmental pollutants, thus leading to a variety of chemicals that possibly threaten the public health. In this resepct, the clastogenicity of 17 synthetic chemicals was evaluated with bone marrow micronucleus assay in mice. The positive control, mitomycin C (2 mg/kg, i.p.) revealed significant induction ratio of percentage of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes/1,000 polychromatic erythrocytes compared to solvent controls. The chemicals with relatively high $LD_{50}$ value such as allyl alcohol (CAS No. 107-18-6), 2,4-pentanedione (CAS No. 123-54-6) and 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol (CAS No. 88-04-0) revealed no significant induction of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in mice. From this results, 17 synthetic chemicals widely used in industry have revealed no significant micronucleus induction of clastogenicity in mice in this experiment.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.244-250
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• 2006

The detection of many synthetic chemicals used in industry that may pose a genetic hazard in our environment is of great concern at present. Since these substances are not limited to the original products, and enter the environment, they have become widespread environmental pollutants, thus leading to a variety of chemicals that possibly threaten the public health. In this respect, to regulate and to evaluate the chemical hazard will be important to environment and human health. The genotoxicity of 3 synthetic chemicals was evaluated in L5178Y $tk^{+/-}$ mouse lymphoma cells in vitro. 9H-carbazole (CAS No. 86-74-8) did not induce significant mutation frequencies both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation system. 1, 3-Dichloro-2-propanol (CAS No. 96-23-1) revealed a significant increase of mutation frequencies in the range of $625-373\;{\mu}g/mL$ in the absence of metabolic activation system and $157-79\;{\mu}g/mL$ in the presence of metabolic activation system. And also, fenpropathrin (CAS No. 64257-84-7) appeared the positive results only in the absence of metabolic activation system. Through the results of MLA tk assay with 3 synthetic chemicals in L5178Y cells in vitro, we may provide the important clues on the genotoxic potentials of these 3 chemicals.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2006

The detection of many synthetic chemicals used in industry that may pose a genetic hazard in our environment is of great concern at present. Since these substances are not limited to the original products, and enter the environment, they have become widespread environmental pollutants, thus leading to a variety of chemicals that possibly threaten the public health. In this respect, to regulate and to evaluate the chemical hazard will be important to environment and human health. The clastogenicity of 11 synthetic chemicals was evaluated in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells in vitro. 1-Chloro-3-bromopropane CAS No. 109-70-6) induced chromosomal aberrations with significance at the concentration of $185.0\;{\mu}g/mL\;and\;1,600\;{\mu}g/mL$ both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation system, respectively. Triphenyl phosphite (CAS No. 101-02-0), which is one of the most cytotoxic chemical among 11 chemicals tested revealed no clastogenicity in the range of $95.0-4.9\;{\mu}g/mL$ both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation system. From the results of chromosomal aberration assay with 11 synthetic chemicals in Chinese hamster lung cells in vitro, 1-chloro-3-bromopropane revealed a positive clastogenic result in this study.

• International Journal of Safety
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2009

The flash point is the most widely used flammability property for the evaluation of the flammability hazard of combustible liquid mixtures. In this paper, the reported flash points for the the binary systems, ethylbenzene+n-butanol and ethylbenzene+n-hexanol were correlated by the optimization method. The optimization method based on the van Laar and Wilson equations were compared with the Raoult's law. The calculated values based on the optimization method were found to be better than those based on the Raoult's law.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 대상물질을 선점한 후 그에 따른 세 가지 기준 즉 독성, 화재폭발, 환경기준과 각각의 피해예측기법을 설정하고 이 기준들을 알고리즘을 통한 통합한 종합위해등급으로서 선정된 대상물질에 적용하였다. 특히, 환경기준은 포괄적인 개념으로서 USCG 및 MSDS의 환경기준 분류와 NFPA의 건강위해성(Nh) 중 환경관련 부분을 조합하여 환경지수 모델화를 하였다. 또한 각 기준에 따른 피해예측 기법을 선택하여 지역별 인의에 위치한 화학물질 관련업체에 사용 또는 저장 중인 유해화학물질에 대해 적용하여 사용물질에 대한 종합위해등급 설정(단일물질에 대한 가연성, 독성, 반응성, 환경성에 대한 Hazard level 및 표시 모델화) 및 그에 따른 사고시 피해예측 강도산정 (CPQRA, IAEA, VZ eq), Risk contour를 구할 수 있었다. 이 결과 모든 화학공정 및 저장 등에서 발생할 수 있는 독성 누출, 화재폭발의 잠재적 위험성산정을 통한 안전성 평가의 Tool로 활용이 가능하다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.141-158
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• 2019

Objectives: An adverse outcome pathway is a biological pathway that disturbs homeostasis and causes toxicity. It is a conceptual framework for organizing existing biological knowledge and consists of the molecular initiating event, key event, and adverse output. The AOP concept provides intuitive risk identification that can be helpful in evaluating the carcinogenicity of chemicals and in the prevention of cancer through the assessment of chemical carcinogenicity predictions. Methods: We reviewed various papers and books related to the application of AOPs for the prevention of occupational cancer. We mainly used the internet to search for the necessary research data and information, such as via Google scholar(http://scholar.google.com), ScienceDirect(www.sciencedirect.com), Scopus(www.scopus. com), NDSL(http: //www.ndsl.kr/index.do) and PubMed(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed). The key terms searched were "adverse outcome pathway," "toxicology," "risk assessment," "human exposure," "worker," "nanoparticle," "applications," and "occupational safety and health," among others. Results: Since it focused on the current state of AOP for the prediction of toxicity from chemical exposure at work and prospects for industrial health in the context of the AOP concept, respiratory and nanomaterial hazard assessments. AOP provides an intuitive understanding of the toxicity of chemicals as a conceptual means, and it works toward accurately predicting chemical toxicity. The AOP technique has emerged as a future-oriented alternative to the existing paradigm of chemical hazard and risk assessment. AOP can be applied to the assessment of chemical carcinogenicity along with efforts to understand the effects of chronic toxic chemicals in workplaces. Based on these predictive tools, it could be possible to bring about a breakthrough in the prevention of occupational and environmental cancer. Conclusions: The AOP tool has emerged as a future-oriented alternative to the existing paradigm of chemical hazard and risk assessment and has been widely used in the field of chemical risk assessment and the evaluation of carcinogenicity at work. It will be a useful tool for prediction, and it is possible that it can help bring about a breakthrough in the prevention of occupational and environmental cancer.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.91-102
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• 2014

Objectives: This study was performed in order to devise a procedure for supplementing the Special Management Materials in the Occupational Safety and Health Act and recommend candidate materials. The results are expected to be used as fundamental data for classification and criteria necessary to manage Special Management Materials in workplaces. Also, they are expected to be used as a basis for selecting target materials to nominate as additional Special Management Material. Methods: We investigated the selection standards for candidates and review ranges of data sources to nominate Special Management Materials. The substances classified as GHS(Globally Harmonized System of classification and labeling of chemicals) category 1A(known to have carcinogenic potential and reproductive toxicity for humans) or 1B(presumed to have carcinogenic potential and reproductive toxicity for humans) carcinogens and reproductive toxicants among the Controlled Hazardous Substances of the Regulation on Occupational Safety and Health Standards and substances with OELs(Occupational Exposure Limits) were inspected as the candidates for Special Management Materials. Conclusions: A seven-step procedure for selecting candidates to designate as Special Management Materials was suggested, including the setting of target chemicals for evaluation, classification of CMR(Carcinogens, Mutagens or Reproductive toxicants) by GHS classification and criteria, suggestion and selection of the candidates, and more. This study recommends 58 chemicals as qualified candidates to supplement the Special Management Materials.