• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.202-209
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• 2018

This study analyzed the effects of the nutrient intake on oral health and chewing difficulty according to the age group. The subjects were 5,855 participants of the third Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES VI), 2015, Korea Centers for Disease Control and prevention and aged 20 years and over. The data were analyzed using SPSS Ver 21.0, classified as the difficulty in chewing group (DC) and no difficulty in chewing group (NDC). As a result, the DC rates were 5 times higher in the 60+ year age group (39.5%) than in the 20-39 year age group (8.1%). The DC group were experience periodontal disease (33.4%), dental caries (30.1%), diabetes (41.8%), myocardial infarction (57.3%), arthritis (44.0%), asthma (48.0%), and depression (41.9%). In addition, 86% of the DC group were experiencing speech problems. The DC group had significantly lower intakes (1446.59g), than the NDC group (1666.62g), and the protein, carbohydrate, dietary fiber and other dietary intake were significantly lower. These findings suggest that the chewing difficulty is related to the nutrient intake, and psychological status in the elderly DC group. Therefore, the care of chewing difficulties is essential for the elderly to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Accordingly, oral care and myofunctional therapy are needed to maintain oral health.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.1-24
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• 2007

The medical fee reimbursement denied by HIRA(Health Insurance Review Agency) amounted to about 1.2% of the total medical fee claim to HIRA for reimbursement. Most of the denials stem from the inappropriate prescriptions of medical staff violating the medical fee review standards issued by HIRA. Considering the significant impacts of the standards observance behavior on the hospitals' financial viability, we attempted to analyze the predisposition factors of medical staffs' review standards observance behavior. The TPB(Theory of Planned Behavior) was adopted as the theoretical framework of the analysis. Data were collected by administrating a survey on the concepts included in TPB model to the 187 medical staff of a tertiary care hospital. Of the 187 questionaries distributed, 150 were responded resulting 80.2% of response rate. The mean differences among the groups classified by age group, years of experience, medical specialty and gender were analysis using ANOVA. The relationships among the TPB concepts were analysed by applying the Structural Equations Modeling method. The TPB model consists of three exogenous concepts (attitude toward the behavior, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control) and two endogenous concepts (intention and the behavior). The results of ANOVA indicated significant mean differences among the groups classified by the medical staff's age, years of experience, and medical specialty. The older and the more experienced had the higher mean of observance behavior score. The results of Structural Equations analysis showed that the subjective norm and perceived behavioral control had statistically significant influences on intention, but the influence of attitude to intention was not statistically significant. The influences of perceived behavioral control and intention on behavior were significant. Based on these results the theoretical and practical implications were discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.275-285
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• 2019

The purpose of the present study was to investigate perceptions of mental health literacy and mental health services of local public officials in Korea. The participants were 273 civil servants working in three Gangwondo provinces. Data were collected from July 1, 2018 to August 15, 2018 using structured questionnaires, and SPSS Ver. 22.0 was used for data analysis. Results showed mental health literacy of public officials was 101.45 points (range 35-160). Mental health literacy level was found to be significantly dependent on occupation and levels of mental health education, mental health treatment experience, and family mental health treatment experience. Only 39.9% of respondents stated they were aware of mental health welfare centers. The most common condition that caused respondents to seek mental health services was depression (35.9%). In addition, 44.7% of the respondents opined that mental health care was improving due to community changes. An analysis of the relationship between perceptions of mental health welfare centers and mental health literacy scores showed a positive relationship between participant prior knowledge about mental health welfare centers and investment in mental health management (p=.012), suggesting a need for further development of educational programs using mental health nurses to improve mental health literacy among community officials.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.454-462
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• 2020

Purpose: Sudden unexplained infant death (SUID) is a major contributor to infant mortality, and pediatric nurses have the responsibility to educate parents on SUID-reducing strategies. This study was conducted to measure pediatric nurses' knowledge of SUID-related safe sleep practices (K-SSSP) and infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation (K-ICPR). Methods: In total, 136 pediatric nurses were administered a survey including K-SSSP (13 items), K-ICPR (5 items), confidence in K-SSSP education (1 item; 5 points), and other factors relating to SUID experiences or education. Results: The correct answer rates of the K-SSSP and K-ICPR were 62.6% and 62.5%, retrospectively. The mean score for confidence in K-SSSP education was 2.6±0.9. Only 18 nurses (13.2%) responded that they educated parents on the content of the K-SSSP, while 76 nurses had received education on SUID. Positive relationships were observed between K-SSSP scores and higher education, between K-ICPR scores and having own child(ren) and clinical experience, and between confidence in K-SSSP education and higher education or having one's own child(ren). Nurses caring for newborns performed more SUID education than nurses working in other units. Conclusion: There is a profound need to implement a systemic educational program on SUID and strategies to reduce SUID for pediatric nurses.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.52-60
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• 2015

Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between cultural competence and empathy of nursing students who can provide appropriate health care to their patients in the future. Methods: All the participants (N=364) were nursing students and completed a survey of the Caffrey Cultural Competence in Health Scale (CCCHS), Cultural Competence Assessment (CCA), and Interpersonal Reactions Index (IRI). Results: The mean of cultural competence and empathy of participants were 2.8 and 3.7, respectively. The cultural competence score in male students was higher than the score of female students (p=.044). In addition, the cultural competence score of nursing students who had an experience with foreigners was higher than the score of students who had not (p=.017). However, the cultural competence score of nursing students who did not take a multicultural education was higher than the score of students who took it. The empathy score of female students was higher than the score of male students (p=.003). The empathy score of students who had a multicultural education was higher than the score of students who did not take it (p=.008). Conclusion: The findings suggest that nursing students need to enhance cultural competence and empathy.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.503-513
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Ethical Sensitivity Questionnaire for Nursing Students (KESQ-NS). Methods: The participants were 138 nursing students who have experience in clinical practice. The Korean version of ESQ-NS (KESQ-NS) was examined using content validity, construct validity, criterion-related validity, and testing of internal consistency reliability. Data were collected from November to December of 2019 through an online-survey. Results: The KESQ-NS that was composed of 13 items was divided into three dimensions: Critical understanding of the patient, patient holistic care, patient privacy, and confidentiality. The instrument explained 67.9% of the total variance for ethical sensitivity. Cronbach's α was .88. Conclusion: The KESQ-NS showed good validity and reliability. This instrument can be used to evaluate ethical sensitivity in nursing students in Korea.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this research was to research on Needs for the Construction of the CSFT(Cluster with a Strongpoint for Field Training) on students and professors of health-related majors. Methods : We investigated 164 students and professors using a self-reporting method with experience of Field Training. A statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 for window version. Results : It showed that educational satisfaction had scored 4.05 in curriculum, 4.00 in environment, 3.52 in schedule, 3.71 in evaluation and 3.71 in teaching and 3.84 in industrial-college systems for Field Training. Needs for the Construction of the CSFT had scored 4.17 in $mean{\pm}standard$ deviation. Conclusion : Characterization of Nursing, Department of Health and local health care environment and conditions, if you think the quality of education for the Department of Health Nursing, gradually, the acquisition and improvement of the base hospital is necessary. Therefore, it is considered to be institutionalized by installing the strongpoint hospital at least one in each region, so that they can contribute to the improvement of people's health.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.498-507
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to survey health requirements of middle-aged women and their families and to provide guidelines for developing nursing interventions by describing the process of family health maintenance experienced by middle-aged women and its conceptual system. Methods: To get saturated data, each of four researchers conducted two or three times of in-depth interview with eight middle-aged women aged between 40-64 years old and living in Seoul and Chuncheon from the 10th to the 30th of October 2004 and each interview was continued one or two hours. The Grounded theory adopted by Strauss & Corbin (1998) is a substantive theory that can explain the experiencing process of middle-aged women. Results: We found that the casual condition of family health maintaining by middle-aged women was 'confidence of health belief', and 'pouring by body moving' was found to be its phenomenon. A textual condition that might respond to the phenomenon was 'fatal roles acceptance', and intervening conditions that promote their family health were 'retracing' and 'gathering health information'. These intervening conditions impacted middle-aged women's confidence in family health and led them to take actions/interactions such as 'being a model of health', 'adapting to circumstances', 'do-it-myself', 'taking-care' 'harmonious mind' and 'the pursuit of cleanness'. These actions/interactions produced results such as 'being stronger', 'being unmanageable' and 'being fruitful'. Conclusions: Health confidence and practical health behaviors were observed in the process that the middle-aged female participants experienced unmanageable circumstances but they accepted their roles and responsibilities and recognized that they must be get stronger. The behaviors of health-together-with were divided into enthusiastic type, adaptation type and self-sacrificing type. Therefore middle-aged woman with the understanding of family health maintaining process as well as the theoretical system and practical principals needs to implement the intervention in acceptable level of family health process of preventing psychological and physical problems.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.333-342
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• 1974

In September 1974, a survey was conducted towards 900 women respondents, each representing a household, residing in 18 selected Myuns(townships) of 18 Guns(counties) in Kyunggi-Do. Fifty households were selected randomly in each Myun and the sample Myuns were also randomly selected from the 18 Guns home-visiting interviews were carried out by Myun level maternal and child health workers with questionnair forms designed to measure the maternal and child health status at each household. Major findings obtained from this survey can be summarized as follows: 1. Of the women responents who were investigated in this survey, 13.1% of them were comprised in the illiterates, indicating no difference in literacy rate from that in most urban areas. 2. Most(93.8%) of the respondents were found to have married at ages of 20-24 years old. 3. Most(85.8%) of the respondents were found to have delivered their first babies at ages of 20-24, while only 13.4% had their first babies at 25-29. 4. About 22% of the respondents had 2 children, while 19% and another 19% had 2 and 4 children, respectively. 5. A great majority of the respondents (78%) experienced not a single death of a child within the family, while about 17% experienced death of one child. 0.7% of the women experienced deaths of 4 or more children. 6. 18% and 17% of the women experienced 4 and 3 pregnancies, respectively, and 12% of them experienced 7 or more pregnancies. 7. About 29% of the women experienced an induced abortion at least once. Nearly 2% of them were found to have experience of 4 or more induced abortions. 8. One half (51%) of the women were found to have received prenatal guidances in the latest pregnancies by (Ub(town) and Myun (township) level maternal and child health workers at least once or more times. 9. 52% women received professional prenatal care in the latest pregnancies: 24% at hospitals or clinics and 20% at health centers. 10. Most (89%) of the last-born children were delivered at home, while only 8.7% were delivered at hospital or clinics. 11. Materials used at delivery comprise vinyl (40%), cement bags (32%) ana gauzed or absorbent cottons (19%). 12. The largest preportion of the attendants at delivery comprises mothers in-law (48). Only 24% were found to be attended by either doctors, midwives or maternal and child health workers. 13. In most (90%) of the deliveries scissors were used to cut the umbilicus. But most (7%) of them used unsterilized scissors, 6 while only 20% of them used sterilized ones. 14. About 68% of the last-born babies were breast-fed for 12 months or more. Those who weaned during 6-12 months were 21%. 15. During 12 months after birth, 65% of the last-born babies were breast-fed, while 24% were given a combination of breast milk and cooked rice. 16. About nine out of the 10 births were found to be registered. 17. 71% of babies received BCG vaccination, while 79% and 56% received samllpox and DPT vaccinations, respectively within a year after birth. Those who were vaccinated against poliomyelitis were about 50%. 18. About 87% of the respondents recogninized the existence of government-sponsored maternal and child health guidance program.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.1083-1093
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• 2010

Objective : The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of the oral health behavior of oral prophylaxis clients and some residents in a community to their simplified oral environment index. Methods : The subjects in this study were 520 people who had their teeth cleaned in the oral prophylaxis practice lab in the department of dental hygiene at J health college. A survey was conducted from March 23 to June 3, 2010, by way of the self-reported questionnaire. The data materials are analyzed by general characteristics frequency and ratio, the relationship of oral health behavior and sex, age, scaling experience, simplified oral hygiene index $x^{2}$ test analysis. Results : 1. Concerning links between gender and oral health behavior including daily toothbrushing frequency, the largest group of the respondents brushed their teeth three times a day(p<0.05). As to educational experiences on toothbrushing method and the use of oral hygiene supplies, the women had more educational experiences than the men(p<0.05). 2. Regarding connections between age and oral health behavior involving daily toothbrushing frequency, the largest number of the respondents brushed their teeth three times a day in every age group (p <0.001). As for educational experiences on toothbrushing method, those who were in their 50s and up(64.7%) learned about that, and they had more educational experiences with age(p<0.05). As for scaling experiences, the older respondents had their teeth scaled more often (p<0.001). 3. As to relationship between scaling experiences and oral health behavior, there were differences in toothbrushing frequency according to scaling experiences(p <0.05). Regarding educational experiences on toothbrushing method, those who had their teeth cleaned received more toothbrushing education(p<0.001). Concerning smoking, the nonsmokers had more experiences to get their teeth cleaned (p<0.001). 4. As for links between simplified oral environment index and oral health behavior including a time for toothbrushing, the respondents who did toothbrushing after every meal(80.4%) had good simplified oral environment indexes(p<0.05). 5. In regard to relationship between simplified oral environment index and oral health behavior, oral environment index had a positive correlation to the use of oral hygiene supplies( r=0.129**), toothbrushing time(r=0.116**) and educational experiences on toothbrushing method (r=0.099**). Smoking(r=-0.092**) had a negative correlation to that. Conclusion : The above-mentioned findings illustrate that oral health behavior is one of crucial factors to affect oral health status and oral environment care. Therefore oral prophylaxis practice lab visitors should receive education on the right toothbrushing method and the use of oral hygiene supplies to promote their oral health, and an incremental oral health care system that involves regular scaling should be introduced.