• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.364-368
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• 2015

Purpose: Walking in the dual-task condition is a critical skill for hemiplegic patients to live in real-life situations. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of dual-task gait training and general gait training on gait parameters and cognitive function in patients with chronic stroke during dual-task walking. Methods: The study included 23 patients with chronic hemiparetic stroke who were randomly divided into experimental (dual-task gait training) and control (general walking training) groups. The 11 subjects in the experimental group and nine subjects in the control group received dual-task gait training (walking while handling a ball, crossing obstacles, picking up various objects, and problem solving simple cognitive tasks and general over-ground gait training, respectively, for 30 minutes per day 5 days per week for 4 weeks. Spatiotemporal parameters and cognitive tasks in the dual-task gait condition were measured. Statistical analysis of the changes between the pre- and post-intervention measurement variables was performed using ANCOVA. Results: In the gait condition under cognitive tasks, the changes pre- and post-intervention in gait velocity, stride length, double support limb, and step symmetry were significantly greater in the dual-task gait training group; however, the dual-task gait training group showed no significant improvement compared to the general gait training group in terms of the assessment of cognitive tasks. Conclusion: The findings suggest that dual-task gait training may be beneficial for walking ability in dual-task walking condition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.265-270
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• 2004

Coronary heart disease (CHD) has been the number one killer in western society for a long time, and CHD in most instances is due to atherosclerosis. One of the earliest events in atherogenesis is the intracellular accumulation of lipids, particularly cholesterol esters, in the aortic intima. The lipids presumably came from the uptake of plasma lipoproteins, particularly from LDL. These foam cells were identified as being predominantly as macrophages. Currently, it is believed that oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) might contribute to the generation of foam cells. An outcome of the oxidation hypothesis is that the consumption of antioxidants would be beneficial. In this study, Boldine, an alkaloid of Peumus boldus was tested for their antioxidant potency both in, in vitro oxidation system and in mouse models. Boldine decreased the ex-vivo oxidation of Low-density lipoprotein (LDL). In vivo studies were performed to study the effect of these compounds on the atherosclerotic lesion formation in LDL r-/- mice. Three groups of LDL r-/- mice (N=12 each) were fed an atherogenic diet. Group 1 was given vehicle and group 2 and 3 were given 1 and 5 mg of Boldine/day in addition to the atherogenic diet. The results indicated that there was a decrease in lesion formation reaching a 40% reduction due to Boldine compared to controls. The in vivo tolerance of Boldine in humans (has been used as an herbal medicine in other diseases) should make it an attractive alternative to vitamin E.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.482-489
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• 2020

We previously identified β-sitosterol (BS) as one of the most abundant compounds found in Korean red ginseng oil. BS is a widely prevalent vegetable-derived phytosterol with many known health benefits. Here, we investigated the efficacy of BS against Brucella (B.) abortus infection. BS showed no effect on bacterial growth but attenuated internalization, intracellular survival and MAPKs-linked intracellular signaling in RAW264.7 cells. BS treatment in cells is also associated with increased nitrite concentration during infection at 24 h. Slightly enhanced resistance to B. abortus infection was observed in mice orally given BS, which could be mediated by induced production of proinflammatory cytokines. Taken together, our study demonstrates the contribution of BS treatment against B. abortus infection although further investigation is encouraged to maximize its beneficial effects against intracellular infection.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.23
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• pp.10531-10537
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• 2015

Background: To examine whether offspring improve or reduce quality of life (QOL) among cancer patients and survivors. Materials and Methods: We used data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) from 2008 to 2011. There were 490 research subjects in our study: 245 cancer patients and survivors and 245 controls matched using propensity scores. Results: For cancer patients and survivors with no offspring, the QOL estimate was -2.831 lower (SE: 5.508, p-value: 0.623) than that of those with two offspring, while for those with five or more offspring, the QOL estimate was 7.336 higher (SE: 2.840, p-value: 0.036). For non-cancer patients and survivors with one child, the QOL estimate was -11.258 lower (SE: 2.430, p-value: 0.002) than that of those with two offspring, while for those with five or more offspring, the QOL estimate was -4.881 lower (SE: 2.484, p-value: 0.090). Conclusions: This article provides evidence for a beneficial effect of offspring upon QOL in cancer patients and survivors, indicating that offspring are important for them.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.22 no.3 s.93
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• pp.402-417
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• 2006

Research interest on functional food and phytochemicals has mainly focused on their health effects, mechanism of action and structure-activity relationship for the development of nutraceuticals. Considering the intake of phytochemicals via the normal diet, further information is required on changes in food functionality or individual phytochemicals that occur during the cooking or processing of foods, in order to increase the intake of these bioactive compounds, because many of the unit-operating procedures involved in cooking or food processing may result in physicochemical changes of food constituents. This study reviews the changes of selected phytochemicals, i.e. flavonoids, organosulfur compounds and carotenoids, or food functionality by major cooking or processing procedures such as heating, fermentation, and pH changes. In general, heating has a negative effect on food functionality, although in some cases, mild heating increases bioactive phytochemical contents. Some phytochemicals, including anthocyanins and catechins, are stabilized in lower pH conditions. The structures of phytochemicals, including isoflavones and catechins, are changed by fermentation. The loss of bioactive compounds may be decreased by recently developed cooking or processing methods such as microwave cooking or use of high hydrostatic pressure. However, the effects of cooking and processing procedures on food functionality and phytochemicals are so diverse and dependent on test conditions that further research efforts are needed to form accurate conclusions on the effects of cooking and processing of foods.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.631-640
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• 2011

Milk oligosaccharides are the complex mixture of six monosaccharides namely, D-glucose, D-galactose, N-acetyl-glucosamine, N-acetyl-galactosamine, L-fucose, and N-acetyl-neuraminic acid. The mixture is categorized as neutral and acidic classes. Previously, 25 oligosaccharides in bovine milk and 115 oligosaccharides in human milk have been characterized. Because human intestine lacks the enzyme to hydrolyze the oligosaccharide structures, these substances can reach the colon without degradation and are known to have many health beneficial functions. It has been shown that this fraction of carbohydrate can increase the bifidobacterial population in the intestine and colon, resulting in a significant reduction of pathogenic bacteria. The role of milk oligosaccharides as a barrier against pathogens binding to the cell surface has recently been demonstrated. Milk oligosaccharides have the potential to produce immuno-modulation effects. It is also well known that oligosaccharides in milk have a significant influence on intestinal mineral absorption and in the formation of the brain and central nervous system. Due to its structural resemblance, bovine milk is considered to be the most potential source of oligosaccharides to produce the same effect of oligosaccharides present in human milk. This review describes the characteristics and potential health benefits of milk oligosaccharides as well as the prospects of oligosaccharides in bovine milk for use in functional foods.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.153-157
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• 1999

The effececl of levanoclaose produced by levanase Croni Pseuc/olol~~o!!n.s sp. K-52 on pnnciple inlesimal microflorawas investigated. The reaction product, levanoctaose, was used as a carbon source for various intestinalmicroflora. Especially. Bijidobacteriulolr~ adolescentis and Lnctohaciilrrs ocidophilus grew effectively in vitroexpeiiments, whereas Clostridiunz per.frilol~gerzs, Bactetvid,~ngilis, Eschericlzin. coli, and Stnplzylococcus nureirsdid not. Therefore, levanoctdose seemed to proinole selectively the growth ol" B. ndo1escenti.r and L. acidol~hi-/us. In Lhe in viva experiments, the effects of levanoctaose on inlestinal nucroflora were examined on heirgrowth. $\beta$-fri~ctosidase acliviiy. and butyrate concenuation in rats. Appuently, die number of fecal Bifidobacteria.the amount of bulyrate, and $\beta$-hctosidase activity were increased, whereas total aerobes 'and pH werereduced in rals Eed leviu~octaose diets, cornpxed with hose of the control diets. We concluded hat those effecismay be beneficial in improving gastrointestinal health.astrointestinal health.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to examine the association between egg consumption and the risk of chronic disease in Korean adult females using the 2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 1,230 subjects aged 40~64 were classified into the 4 groups according to the number of egg consumed per week: <1, 1~2.9, 3~5, ${\geq}5.1$ As egg consumption increased, the intake of energy, protein, fiber, cholesterol, calcium, potassium, riboflavin, and vitamin C increased. The percentage of the subjects with lower intake of energy, protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin C than the estimated average requirement in the <1 group were the highest among the groups. The blood lipid profile including total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol was not significantly different among the 4 egg groups. The higher egg consumption was inversely related to a lower odds ratio of metabolic syndrome, hypertriglycemia, hyperglycemia, hypoHDL-cholesterolemia, and hypertension. This result indicates that egg consumption does not elevate the plasma cholesterol level and has a beneficial effect of decreasing the risk of chronic disease. (175)

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.145-152
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• 2011

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of Optimal humidification during Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (nCPAP) for Extremely Low Birth Weight Infant (ELBWI). Methods: The study design was a pre-test-post-test nonequivalent nonsynchronized quasi-experimental design. The participants were 218 ELBWI on nCPAP (experimental group: 102 and control group: 116). Data collection was conducted from January 2005 to April 2010. In order to measure and analyze the nCPAP duration, reintubation and nasal condition, Chi-square test and t-test were used. Results: Hypothesis 1, that the duration with nCPAP in the experimental group is longer than that of the control group and hypothesis 2-3, that the rate of reintubation and nasal problems in the experimental group are lower than the control group, were all supported as there were statistically significant differences between two groups. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the Optimal humidification in this study is an efficient intervention because it helps increase the last time of nCPAP with ELBWI and minimize complications. It is expected that Optimal humidification is beneficial and helpful in preventing and caring for respiratory problems in these infants.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.396-404
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of group art therapy on the withdrawn behavior, social behavior, social problems, anxiousness/depression, internalizing problems, total behavior problems and self-esteem in children who are withdrawn. Method: A randomized controlled pre-post test design was used. The participants were 31 children who were withdrawn attending J. P. Elementary School in Pohang City. Sixteen were assigned to the experimental group and 15 to the control group. The program consisted of 20 sessions of 80 minutes per session, 2 days a week, for 10 weeks. Instruments used for this study were the Children's Behavior Check List -Korean version (K-CBCL) and a self-esteem inventory. The data were analyzed using fisher exact test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Thescores for withdrawn behavior, social problems, anxiousness/depression, internalizing problems and total behavior problems decreased significantly in the experimental group as compare to the control group. Social behavior and self-esteem increased significantly in the experimental group as compared to the control group. Conclusions: This study provides evidence for the pontential and beneficial effects of group art therapy in children who are withdrawn. The program could be adequately used to improve problem behavior in withdrawn children.