• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제32권2C호
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• pp.141-149
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• 2007

영상에서 사람의 머리위치를 찾는 문제에 있어서 어깨선 정보를 이용하는 것은 아주 유용하다. 영상에서 머리 외곽선과 어깨선의 형태는 일정한 변형을 유지하면서 같이 움직이므로 이를 ASM(Active Shape Model) 기법을 사용해서 통계적으로 모델링 할 수 있다. 그러나 ASM 모델은 국부적인 에지나 그래디언트에 의존하므로 배경 에지나 클러터 성분에 민감하다. 한편 AAM(Active Appearance Model) 모델은 텍스쳐 등을 이용하지만, 사람의 피부색, 머리색깔, 옷 색깔 등의 차이로 인해서 통계적인 학습방법을 쓰기가 어렵고, 전체 비디오에서 외모(Appearance)가 시간적으로 변한다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 외모(Apperance) 모델을 변화에 따라 바꾸는 대신, 영상의 각 화소를 머리, 어깨, 배경으로 구분하는 분별적 외모 모델(discriminative appearance)를 사용한다. 실험을 통해서 제안된 방법이 기존의 기법에 비해서 포즈변화와 가려짐, 조명의 변화 등에 강인함을 보여준다. 또한 제안된 기법은 실시간으로 작동하는 장점 또한 가진다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2020

어깨는 인간의 몸통과 양팔을 연결하는 부위를 말하며, 양팔을 움직이는데 핵심적인 역할을 한다. 특히 양손을 머리의 뒤쪽으로 보내거나 우리 몸으로부터 멀리 보내는데 가장 중요한 역할을 수행한다. 본 논문에서는 어깨에서 팔의 안쪽 돌림과 가쪽 돌림에 대하여 각도를 측정하고, 이상 유무와 관련된 증상을 파악하며, 이러한 증상을 예방하는 방법까지 제시하도록 한다. 어깨에서 팔의 안쪽돌림과 가쪽 돌림의 각도는 70°~90°가 일반적이다. 그리고 각도가 이에 못 미치거나 통증을 느끼면 어깨에 이상이 생긴 것이다. 또한 일반인 남녀 각각 50명씩 총 100명을 대상으로 실험을 수행하여 이상이 있는 환자를 판별하였다.

• 복식
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• 제42권
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• pp.69-90
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• 1999

Mannerism style evolved from the Renaissance style adopting the concept of grace as the ideal beauty, Having its ground on Neoplatonism the main goal of mannerism art was the realization of the invisible beauty over reality. Mannerism style in dress flourished in the sixteenth century court society, when courtly manners and courtly grace became the most important qualities in social relationship. Courtiers thought that courtly grace the ideal of beauty could be realized in the cultured and studied elegance. Mannerism style in dress evolved from the process of transforming and manipulating the Renaissance look for the abstract of beauty. The clothes of Mannerism style were against the natural movement of the human body. There was a tendency of refining and polishing the whole clothing and various technical skills were experim-ented on the mannerism style. The outstanding elements of this tendency can be found in the details like ruffs fathingale padding slashing puffing and etc. Mannerism intended to reconstruct the human body artificially to express courtly grace and novelty. During that process the new pose 'figura serpentinata' which is bizarre convoluted pose with full of flexibility was created. The expression of human body became more slender with elongated legs a torso with a long neck and a tiny head. This tendency of distorting the natural body forms were reflected in the formal characteristics of Mannerism dress style which is geometrical abstr-action unnatural elongation complex disposition and control with perfect ease.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제48호
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• pp.141-153
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• 2003

Researches into robust recognition in noise environments, especially in car environments, are being carried out actively in speech community. In this paper we will report on three types of corpora that SiTEC (Speech Information TEchnology & industry promotion Center) has created for research into speech recognition in car noise environments. The first is the recordings of 900 Korean native speakers, distributed according to gender, age, and region, who uttered application words in car environments. The second is the collections of mixed noise in 3 car types by model while setting up various noise patterns which can be obtained with the car engine on or off, at different driving speed, and in different road conditions with windows open or closed. The third is the recordings of simulated speech by HATS (Head and Torso Simulator) in car environments with the internal and external noise factors added. These three types of recordings were all made through synchronized 8 channel microphones that are fixed in a car. The creation and applications of these corpora will be reported on in detail.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.689-692
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• 2008

Noises from ceiling mounted air-conditioning units were recorded in various actual situations such as offices, classrooms and libraries. Eight specimens of air-conditioners from major domestic and foreign manufacturers' were investigated in this study. A head and torso simulator was located 1.5 m beneath the air-conditioner panel for the measurements and sound pressure levels of the recording sounds were varied from 28 to 55 dBA with 3 dB steps for subjective evaluations. A total of 88 stimuli was randomly presented to subjects using a headphone system in semi-anechoic chamber. Two-categorized (noisiness and amenity) nine-point scale was used as evaluation method. The third scale ('point 3') among the nine-point scale was set as the threshold of allowable level of the air-conditioning sounds in consideration of the real situations. The results indicate that the allowable sound pressure level is around 34 dBA for both noisiness and amenity categories.

• 아동학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.133-156
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• 1988

This study investigated developmental change with reference to continuity theory in the acquisition of concepts of kin relation, task difficulty with reference to cognitive complexity, and interrelationships in the performance of cognitive tasks of kinship concepts with reference to cognitive parallelism. The subjects consisted of 6-, 8-, 10, and 12-year-old randomly selected children attending kindergartens or elementary schools in Seoul. The schools were located in various residental areas regarded as either middle or lower class. The 81 boys and 80 girls participated in 3 experiments on classification, seriation, and grouping. The instrument for the classification, seriation, and grouping tasks was composed of 10 10cm black on white line drawings of the head and upper torso area of persons in kin relationship. The data was analyzed with MANOVA. A significant age effect was found in the 3 quasi- experiments. There were significant effects on task difficulty. The biosocial power distribution indirectly influenced children's acquisition of kin relational concepts; that is, children performed better in male-kin than in female-kin tasks. There was a high correlation in performance between the 3 cognitive tasks. These findings support the continuity theory (except for seriation), a model which arranges kin-names in order of cognitive load, the centric status of men in society, and the theory of cognitive developmental parallelism.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.283-291
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• 2017

가상현실 경험에서 높은 감각적 몰입으로 시각으로 지각되는 정보와 전정기관, 체성감각 등 감각기가 지각하는 정보 간에 불일치가 생기면서 가상현실 멀미가 일어나 기기의 보급에 장애가 되고 있다. 본 연구는 기존의 감각의 충돌 이론에 착안하여 모션 컨트롤러로 대표되는 새로운 전반적인 신체의 움직임이 각성 정도와 현존감에 영향을 끼치며, 가상현실 멀미를 촉발할 수 있고 각성 정도는 감각적 몰입, 현존감과 깊은 관계가 있다는 가설을 세우고 실험을 통해 검증하였다. 특히 컨트롤을 위한 전체적인 신체의 움직임에 집중하여, 몸-머리 움직임과 대조하여 연구하였다. 실험의 결과로 신체 움직임과 각성 정도 간에 유의한 상관관계를 확인할 수 있었고, 현존감에 대해서도 일정 정도 유의한 상관 관계가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또, 신체의 움직임이 있을 때, 안경의 착용 유무가 관측되는 가상현실 멀미에 중재변수로 역할을 하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1097-1115
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• 2015

ICT in the IOT era is the core basis of modern society. This study investigated and analyzed the recent commercialization trends of smart fashion products internationally and domestically, to utilize them as the basis of data for developing user-friendly smart fashion products that can meet the needs of consumers. Keyword research using the most representative search engines, Google and Naver was conducted for searching for various wearable items commercialized actively since 2010. The final 78 products were classified by the physical area, and the key features and benefits were analyzed. Smart fashion products were classified as four physical types for the head and face, torso, arms and hands, and ankles and feet. Smart fashion products for each body part were developed in various ways, such as hats, glasses, lenses, virtual screens, earphones, headsets, clothing, watches, wrist bands, gloves, rings, wallets, bags, anklets, shoes, socks, and insoles. The main features were music playback, bluetooth, a camera based on NFC, virtual effects, health and safety protection through measuring heartbeat and momentum, and social network sharing of all kinds of information, based on inter-working with a smartphone. These functions represent the physical, social, and emotional interactions among users and their surroundings, as well as the users, themselves. The research results are expected to be used in future studies on planning user-friendly and marketable products through in-depth analysis of the design characteristics of smart fashion products as well as consumer responses.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2022

This paper is an architectural historical study on Chimi of Hwangnyongsa Temple. In this research, the shape and cross-section of the chimi are reviewed. The results of the study are as follows. The chimi is a form in which the head part facing the maru is omitted, and the upper and lower body are separated. The upper and lower bonds are assembled into a two types of joint throughout the side of the torso, and then bound with an iron strap. Because of the absence of ridge line in the front, and the narrow curved surface which makes the side plate close to the plane, the entire cross-section is triangular, and the rear plate maintains the shape of the chimi. The naerimmaru connected to the side of the chimi has a slope, so it is clear that the chimi was used on the woojingak-jibung(hipped-roof), and the wing part and back of the chimi are erected on the side roof. The height of the yongmaru and chunyeomaru is about the same and the roofing tiles of those are in contact. The roofing tiles of chunyemaru should be cut to fit the angle of the contacting part. The maru is 30 stories high of roofing tiles as a result of the on-board survey. Based on reference on the shape and timing of the production of chimi, the height of chimi, and the maru is believed to have been built before the Unified Silla Period and used in buildings with at least seven-kan frontage. Buildings corresponding to these construction conditions can be seen as Central hall and East hall in Hwangnyongsa temple.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.413-416
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• 2010

Fleischmann et al. first described the concept of using sub-atmospheric pressure to treat open or infected wounds in 1993. Since then, Argenta and Morykwas developed subatmospheric, or negative pressure dressings in 1997 as a means of managing complicated wounds. Since its introduction in 1997, the vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) system has been used widely in general plastic surgery, general surgery, and orthopedic surgery to manage complicated wounds of the torso and extremities. However, there is a paucity of literature describing its use in the head and neck region, particularly in oral and maxillofacial surgery. We report a successful case of postoperative orocutaneous fistula closure using a VAC system in a 59-year male with a review of the relevant literature.