• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.959-962
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• 2013

Objective: HBV infection may cause damage to the immune system and induce lymphomas as a result. Some scholars have indicated that HBsAg(+) reflecting HBV infection may have a relationship with lymphoma development. This study was designed to find out the specific stage of HBV infection which may be related to lymphoma. Methods: HBV serum markers, including HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb, HBcAb were tested among 100 lymphoma patients and 100 other patients who were diagnosed with non-lymphoma diseases in the First Hospital of Jilin University from 2010.1.1 to 2012.12.31. Three subgroups were established depending on different combinations of HBV serum markers. Subgroup 1 was HBsAg(+) representing the early stage of HBV infection. Subgroup 2 was HbsAb(+) representing convalescence and Subgroup 3 was "HbsAg and HbsAb negative combined with other positive markers" representing the intermediate stage of HBV infection. Chi square tests were used to compare the rates of three subgroups in lymphoma and control groups. Results: The rates of Subgroup were 13% and 5% respectively, an association between HBsAg and lymphoma being found (P<0.05). There was no difference between rate of Subgroup 2 of lymphoma group (15%) and that of control group (16%). In lymphoma group and control group, the rate of Subgroup 3 was different (12% vs 4%). This evidence was not specific to T cell lymphoma, B cell lymphoma or Hodgkin's lymphoma. Conclusions: Among serum markers of HBV, the combination of serum markers representing the early stage and intermediate stage of HBV infection have a relationship with lymphoma. Convalescence from HBV infection appears to have no relationship with lymphoma.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.630-634
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• 2006

목 적 : B형 간염 백신은 접종 후 시간이 경과하면서 항체가는 감소하나, 면역학적 기억은 약 10년 이상 유지되며, 항체가가 감소하더라도 임상적으로 의미있는 감염에 대한 예방효과가 있어 현재 정상 면역 기능을 가진 경우 3회 접종 후 예방 가능한 항체가 형성된 경우는 추가접종을 권장하고 있지 않다. 저자들은 최근 우리나라 중부지역 소아의 B형 간염 항체 보유율과 B형 간염 백신의 면역학적 기억에 대해 연구하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2003년 3월부터 2005년 5월까지 단국대학교병원(병동, 외래)에서 간염 항원, 항체 검사(RIA, 혹은 EIA)를 받은 소아(6개월-18세)를 대상으로 하였고, 측정한 B형 간염 항체가가 10 IU/mL 이상인 경우를 양성으로 하였다. B형 간염 항체가가 음성인 소아 중 B형 간염 백신을 1회($Euvax^{(R)}$ 혹은 $Hepavaxgene^{(R)}$) 추가 접종한 후 1개월 후에 측정한 항체가가 10 mIU/mL 이상의 양전을 보인 경우를 면역기억반응이 있다고 정의하였다. HBsAg, anti-HBs를 검사받은 대상 중에서 $-20^{\circ}C$에 보관된 169명의 혈청에서 EIA로 IgG anti-HBc를 측정하였다. 결 과 : 총 3,448명이 RIA 또는 EIA로 HBsAg/anti-HBs 검사를 받았으며 그 중 3,277명(남아 1,923명, 여아 1,354명)을 연구 대상으로 하였다. 미숙아, 면역기능 저하자, 검사 전 수혈을 받았거나 면역글로불린을 투여 받은 소아를 제외한 3,277명 중에서 1,913명(58.4%)이 anti-HBs가 양성이었고, 그 중에서 남아는 1,115명(58.3%)이었다. HBsAg 양성은 29명(0.9%)였다. 나이에 따른 anti-HBs 양성률은 6-12개월까지는 78.6%(88/112명), 1-3세는 62.7%(455/726명), 4-6세는 51.9%(407/784명), 7-12세는 49.5%(441/890명), 13-15세는 63.4%(220/347명) 그리고 16-18세까지는 72.2%(302/418명)였다. 과거에 기본접종을 받았으나 HBsAg/anti-HBs 모두 음성을 보여 추가 접종을 받은 소아는 80명이었고, 1개월 뒤 측정한 간염 항체 검사 결과 양성률은 88.8%(71/80명), 무반응자는 9명이었다. IgG anti-HBc를 검사한 169명 중에서 5명(3.0%)이 양성을 보였고, 5명 모두 HBsAg이 음성이었다. 5명 중 anti-HBs가 음성인 소아가 4명으로 모두 1회 접종 후 항체 양전을 보였다. 결 론 : 우리나라 중부지역 소아의 B형 간염 항체 양성률이 나이가 들면서 감소를 보이고 있으나 1회 접종으로 10 IU/mL 이상으로 항체가 증가를 보여 이는 B형 간염 백신의 장기간의 면역학적 기억을 보여 주는 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 1997

To investigate the association between hepatocellular carcinema(HCC) and infection of hepatitis B virus(HBV) and hepatitis C virus(HCV) in an HBV endemic area, a case-control study of 254 patients with HCC and of 1,270 age and sex matched health control subjects was done. Among the 254 HCC patients 166(65.4%) were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg), 49(19.3%) were positive for HCV antibody (anti-HCV Ab). The crude odd ratio of patients with HBsAg was 36.1(95% CI :22.4-58.2) and with anti-HCV Ab was 9.0(95% CI :5.5-14.6). In an analysis, which HBsAg(-), HBcAb(-), anti-HCV Ab(-) group was chosen as referent group, odd ratio of HBsAg(+) group was 14.4(95% CI: 7.2-28.9) and of anti- HCV Ab(+) was 10.7(95% CI: 2.9-40.0). odd ratio of anti-HCV Ab(+), HBsAg(+) group and anti-HCV Ab(+), HBsAg(-), HbcAb(+) group for HCC were elevated to 27.3(95% CI : 9.0-82.9), 15.9(95% CI:7.1-35.8) respectly, The odd ratio of anti-HCV Ab(-), HBsAg(-), HBcAb(+) group was 2.4(95% CI : 1.1-5.0). These result suggested that HBV and HCV were associated with HCC. In HBV endemic area patients with HBcAb alone should be considered risk group for HCC.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.455-460
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• 1986

간염 보균자의 혈액으로부터 Dane 입자를 분리하였다. Dane 입자의 핵으로부터 분리해낸 DNA는 $\alpha$-($^{32}$P) dNTP 존재하의 DNA 폴리머레이즈 반응 후 액체 씬틸레이션 카운터와 한천 전기영동 및 가이거 뮐러 카운터에 의하여 간염의 DNA임이 확인되었다. 간염 바이러스에 의한 감염을 막기 위한 백신으로서의 B형 간염 바이러스 표면항원을 생산하기 위하여 산성포스파테이즈 프로모터를 갖는 재조합 프라스미드를 함유하는 효모균주를 사용하였다. 재조합 프라스미드는 pHBV 130 및 pAM 82로부터 제작되었으며 대장균에 변환되어진 후 효모균주에 전달되었다. 간염 표면항원은 조절된 무기 인산 농도하에서 버크홀더 최소배지에서의 저해 해제로 생산되었다. 간염 표면항원의 생산 속도도 조사하였다. 전체 간염 표면항원 활성은 인산이 없는 배지에 옮겨진 뒤 3시간 내지 6시간에서 급격히 증가하였으며 9시간째에 최대에 도달하였다. 인산이 없는 배지에 옮기는 것은 고농도 인산 배지에서의 세포 배양을 6시간동안 수행한 뒤에 하는 것이 최적의 결과를 나타내었다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.74-83
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• 2015

Objectives: To examine the sex-specific factors associated with being unaware of one's hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) seropositivity status in a large, HBsAg-positive population of Koreans. Methods: In total, 1197 subjects aged 19 years or older who were HBsAg-positive according to data from the 2007-2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included. Subjects were considered unaware of their HBsAg seropositivity status if they answered that they had no knowledge of being previously infected by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) or diagnosed with HBV hepatitis. Multivariate Poisson regression models with robust variance estimate were used to assess the significance of the variables using weighted frequencies. Results: The majority (77.8%) of HbsAg-positive Korean adults (females, 81.9%; males, 74.6%) were unaware of their HBsAg seropositivity status. We found that sex (female: prevalence ratio [PR] 1.19), household income (low: PR, 1.15), marital status (never married: PR, 1.18), self-rated health (moderate: PR, 1.14; good: PR, 1.12), and alcohol use (at least 2-3 times/wk: PR, 1.21) were associated with being unaware. In females, age (50 to 59 years: PR, 1.29; ${\geq}70$ years: PR, 1.30), household income (low: PR, 1.37; middle-low: PR, 1.24), and marital status (never married: PR, 1.33) were associated with being unaware. In males, self-rated health (moderate: PR, 1.14; good: PR, 1.21) and alcohol use (at least 2-3 times/wk: PR, 1.21) were associated with being unaware. Conclusions: Factors related to the socioeconomic status of females and the health-related behaviors of males were found to be associated with being unaware of one's HBsAg seropositivity status.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2002

We performed a basic experiment for rapid, on-line, real-time measurement of HBsAg by using a surface plasmon resonance biosensor to quantify the recognition and interaction of biomolecules. We immobilized the anti-HBsAg polyclonal antibody to the dextran layer on a CM5 chip surface which was pre-activated by N-hydroxysuccinimide for amine coupling. The binding of the HBsAg to the immobilized antibody was measured by the mass increase detected by the change in the SPR signal. The binding characteristics between HBsAg and its antibody followed typical monolayer adsorption isotherm. When the entire immobilized antibody was interacted, there was no additional, non-specific binding observed, which suggested the biointeraction was very specific as expected and independent of the ligand density. No significant steric hindrance was observed at 17.6 nm/$mm^2$ immobilization density. The relationship between the HBsAg concentration in the sample solution and the antigen bound to the chip surface was linear up to ca. $40\mu\textrm{g}$/mL, which is much wider than that of the ELISA method. It appeared the antigen-antibody binding was increased as the immobilized ligand density increased, but verification is warranted. This study showed the potential of this biosensor-based method as a rapid, simple, multi-sample, on-line assay. Once properly validated, it can serve as a more powerful method for HBsAg quantification replacing the current ELISA method.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.59-66
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• 1981

Serum HBsAg and Anti-HBs obtained by radioimmunoassay were studied in 109 cases of various liver diseases who visited or were admitted to National Medical Center from December, 1980 to July, 1981. The results were as follows; 1) HBsAg was detected in 67.0% of total 109 cases; 71.9% of 32 cases with acute viral hepatitis, 71.4% of 14 cases with chronic hepatitis, 65.2% of 46 cases with liver cirrhosis and 58.8% of 17 cases with hepatoma. 2) Anti-HBs was detected in 32.1% of total 109 cases; 37.0% of 46 cases with liver cirrhosis, 29.4% of 17 cases with hepatoma, 28.6% of 14 cases with chronic hepatitis, 28.1% of 32 cases with acute viral hepatitis. 3) HBsAg or Anti-HBs, the markers of Hepatitis B virus was detected in 89.0% of total 109 cases; 93.6% of 32 cases with acute viral hepatitis, 89.1% of 46 cases with liver cirrhosis, 85.7% of 14 cases with chronic hepatitis and 82.4% of 17 cases with hepatoma, which strongly suggested that the various liver diseases were associated with hepatitis B virus infection.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.153-158
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• 2003

목 적 : B형 간염 바이러스 백신은 1983년부터 국내에서 생산되기 시작하여 1985년부터는 보편적으로 사용되면서 B형 간염 바이러스 감염의 예방에 큰 역할을 하고 있다. 그러나 국내의 B형 간염 바이러스 백신의 항체 생성률이 낮다는 보고가 있어, B형 간염 바이러스 백신의 예방 효과에 대한 평가의 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 저자들은 B형 간염 바이러스 백신이 보편적으로 사용되기 시작한 이후 출생한 연령층을 대상으로 인천지역의 HBsAg 양성률을 조사하여 B형 간염 바이러스 백신의 예방 효과에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 인천시내의 초, 중, 고등학교 학생들을 대상으로 1997, 1998년 2년에 걸쳐 Reversed Passive Hemagglutination(RPHA)법으로 HBsAg을 검사하였으며, 이전에 전국적으로 주로 초, 중, 고등학생을 대상으로 RPHA법으로 조사한 19세 이하 연령군의 HBsAg 검사 결과와 비교하였다. 결 과 : 1) 1997년 초등학생은 0.7%(337/46,861), 중학생은 2.5%(381/15,026), 고등학생은 3.1%(681/21,938)의 HBsAg 양성률을 보였으며 19세 이하의 연령군 전체는 1.7%(1,404/83,984)였다. 2) 1998년 초등학생은 0.6%(257/41,946), 중학생은 2.7%(379/13,652), 고등학생은 2.4%(628/25,277)의 HBsAg 양성률을 보였으며 19세 이하의 연령군 전체는 1.6%(1,266/80,926)였다. 3) 1985년, 1990년과 1995년에 한국건강관리협회에서 RPHA법으로 전국 19세 이하 연령층에서 조사한 HBsAg 양성률은 각각 6.1%, 5.2%, 3.5%였다. 결 론 : 인천지역에서 초, 중, 고등학생의 HBsAg 양성률은 과거의 전국 조사에 비해 낮으며, 특히 초등학생의 경우 현저히 낮은 HBsAg 양성률을 보이고 있다. 이는 1997년도 및 1998년도의 초등학교 6학년 이하에서 많은 수가 출생시 B형 간염 바이러스의 예방 접종을 시작한 연령층으로 이를 HBsAg 양성률의 현저한 감소는 주로 예방 접종의 효과로 생각된다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.7-17
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• 1985

Many investigators have been pursuing various attempts so far to produce hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) vaccines using the techniques such as isolation from plasma of chronic HBsAg carrier, recombinant DNA technique or preparation of synthetic peptides specific for immunogenic determinants. Hepatitis B virus can not grow on any cell lines by the tissue culture technique at the present time. The plasma of chronic HBsAg carrier is expensive and its source is limited. The HBsAg from the recombinant DNA technique gave still very low yield. Another approach, therefore, has been initiated to develop a synthetic hepatitis B virus vaccine. The possible use of several distinct synthetic vaccines in prophylaxis can be facilitated by availability of full synthetic immunogens. Peptides synthesized for potential application as antiviral vaccines have been mostly tested in the form of conjugates with carrier proteins, although the free synthetic peptide can be immunogenic. To understand basic knowledges on the antigenicity and immunogenicity of a synthetic peptide specific for major immunogenic determinant of HBsAg, a nonapeptide, $H_2N^{139}Cys-Thr-Lys-Pro-Thr-Asp-Gly-^{146}Asn-Aba$ COOH, which corresponds to HBsAg amino acid residues 139 to 147, was synthesized by the Merrifield's solid-phase method with a slight modification. The antigenicity and immunogenicity of this specific synthetic peptide were examined comparing with purified plasma-derived natural HBsAg. The results obtained are as follows; 1. The peptide synthesized showed the identical amino acid composition to the theoretical value. The degree of purification and molecular weight were acertained by methods of high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. 2. Using m-maleimidobenzoyl-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester as a conjugating agent, the synthetic peptide was conjugated to rabbit albumin and ${\gamma}$-globulin, tetanus and diphtheria toxoids, and keyhole limpet hemocyanin. Their conjugation yields were 8.3, 9.5, 15.8, 13.5, and 11.2%, respectively. 3. The natural HBsAg was purified from plasma of chronic HBsAg carrier. By the electron microscopic observation of the purified natural HBsAg preparation, no Dane particles were observed and the preparation showed negative DNA polymerase activity. 4. Antigenicity of the synthetic peptide and the plasma-derived natural HBsAg was determined by competition radioimmunoassay using $^{125}I$-natural HBsAg. Their 50% inhibitions appeared as $90{\mu}g/ml$ and $0.12{\mu}g/ml$ for the synthetic peptide and the natural HBsAg, respectively. This indicates that the former was about 750-fold less antigenic than the latter. 5. Immunogenicity of the synthetic peptide was determined by administering the peptide-carrier conjugates into rabbits with and without Freund's complete adjuvant. Regardless the carrier proteins and adjuvant, positive immune responses to the synthetic peptide were observed. The higher antibody titers, however, were shown in the groups administered with Freund's complete adjuvant. 6. Immunizing dose 50% in mice of the various peptide-carrier conjugates was 5.47, 6.00, 65.16, 31.25 and $13.03{\mu}g/dose$ for rabbit albumin and ${\gamma}$-globulin, tetanus and diphtheria toxoids, and keyhole limpet hemocyanin, respectively, while the natural HBsAg showed $0.65{\mu}g/dose$. 7. It was postulated that homologous proteins prefer to heterologous ones as the carriers.

• 대한수혈학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.301-309
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• 2018

배경: HBsAg 검사에서 양성 또는 grey zone 결과를 보여 헌혈이 보류된 헌혈자가 이후 헌혈을 하기 원할 경우, 헌혈 보류 해제 검사에서 적합한 결과를 얻어야 한다. 그러나 헌혈 보류 해제 검사대상이 된 헌혈자의 약 절반이 해제 불가 결과를 보였다. 본 연구에서는 HBsAg 검사의 S/Co값과 헌혈 보류 해제 검사의 최종 결과의 연관성을 조사하였다. 방법: 대한적십자사 혈액정보관리시스템에 저장된 데이터베이스를 활용하여 2008년 1월부터 2017년 12월까지 3,947명의 헌혈자에 대한 HBsAg의 S/Co 값과 헌혈 보류 해제 검사 최종 결과를 분석하였다. 결과: 3,947명의 헌혈유보군 중 1,764명(44.8%)의 헌혈자가 해제 불가 결과를 보였다. HBsAg S/Co 값이 10 이상의 결과를 보인 1,585명의 헌혈자 중 1,542명(97.3%)은 해제 불가 결과를 보였다. 첫 헌혈 보류 해제 검사에서 해제 불가 결과를 보인 120명의 헌혈자에 대해서는 이후 추가적인 헌혈 보류 해제 검사가 실시되었으며, 98명(81.7%)은 여전히 해제 불가 결과를 보였다. HBsAg 검사에서 grey zone 결과를 보인 헌혈자에서는 4.6%가 해제 불가 결과를 보였다. 결론: HBsAg 선별검사에서 S/Co 값이 10이상을 보인 헌혈유보군에 대해서는 헌혈 보류 해제 검사를 제한하는 것이 효율적일 것으로 판단되었다. HBV 관련 혈액안전성의 강화를 위해 현행 HBsAg 검사에서의 grey zone 포함 적용을 지속할 필요가 있다고 판단되었다.