• Title/Summary/Keyword: Hazardous materials

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Analysis of Hazardous Microbes on the Processing of Surimi-Based Imitation Crab (Surimi-Based Imitation Crab의 가공공정에 대한 위해미생물 분석)

  • 김창남;천석조;노우섭;오두환
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.346-353
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    • 1997
  • This study was undertaken to find out distribution and contamination sources of hazardous microbes through microbial hazard analysis on the processing steps of surimi-based imitation crab (SBIC). As a results of ananlysis of 9 hazardous microbes for 16 raw materials and 8 processing steps, no Samonella spp. and Escherichia coli were detected in all samples. Level and distribution of hazardous microbes in mixed color were similar to those of surimi. Changes of aerobic plate counts (APC), psychrotropic bacteria, coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus showed similar trends at different processing steps. Thermotrophic bacteria and aerobic sporeformers were not detected until mixing step and feeding step, respectively and not reduced after cooking step. According to the comparison of APC at each step, it was suggested that surimi, workers and silent cutter at mixing step, and mixed color, workers and bundler at packaging step were the major contamination sources of bacteria.

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Analysis on the Legal Control Levels and GHS Classification Information Status for Strongly Acidic Hazardous Materials (강산성 유해화학물질의 법적관리 수준 및 GHS 분류정보 제공 실태분석 연구)

  • Lee, Kwon Seob;Jo, Ji Hoon;Park, Jin Woo;Song, Se Wook
    • Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.384-392
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    • 2013
  • Objective: This study inspected incident cases, legal control levels, and GHS(Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals) classification results of strong acids such as hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid, which have been responsible for many recent chemical accidents. As a result, it is deemed necessary for legal control levels of these strong acids to be revised and GHS classification be managed nation-wide. Methods: This study inspected incident cases and legal control levels for strong acids such as hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid. The study analyzed and compared chemical information status and GHS classification results. Results: There were 76 domestic incidents involving strongly acidic hazardous materials over the five years between 2007 and 2011. They include 37 leakage incidents(46.7%) within a workplace, 30 leakage incidents(39.5%) during transportation, and nine leakage incidents(13.8%) following an explosion. The strongly acidic materials in question are defined and controlled as toxic chemicals according to the classes of Substances Requiring Preparation for Accidents, Managed Hazardous Substance, Hazardous Chemical(corrosive) as set forth under the Enforcement Decree of the Toxic Chemicals Control Act and Rules on Occupational Safety and Health Standards of Occupational Safety and Health Act. Among them, nitric acid is solely controlled as a class 6 hazardous material, oxidizing liquid, under the Hazardous Chemicals Control Act. The classification results of the EU ECHA(European Chemicals Agency) CLP(Commission Regulation(EC) No. 790/2009 of 10 August 2009, for the purposes of its adaptation to technical and scientific progress, Regulation(EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on classification, labeling and packaging of substances and mixtures) and NIER (National Institute of Environmental Research) are almost identical for the three chemicals, with the exception of sulfuric acid. Much of the classification information of NITE (National Institute of Technology and Evaluation) and KOSHA(Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, KOSHA) is the same. NIER provides 12(41.4%) out of 29 classifications, as does KOSHA.

Adsorptive Removal of Hazardous Organics from Water with Metal-organic Frameworks (금속-유기 골격체(Metal-organic Frameworks)를 활용한 물로부터의 유해 유기물의 흡착 제거)

  • Seo, Pill Won;Song, Ji Yoon;Jhung, Sung Hwa
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.358-365
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    • 2016
  • Removing hazardous materials from water resources is very important for efficient utilization of the resources, and adsorptive removal is regarded as a competitive technology when good adsorbents with high capacity/selectivity are available. Metal-organic framework (MOF), composed of both organic and inorganic (metallic) species, have been tried for various adsorptions because of huge surface area/pore volume, well-defined pore structure, and facile functionalization. In this review, we summarized technologies on adsorptive removal of hazardous organics from water mainly using MOFs as adsorbents. Instead of reporting high adsorption capacity or rate, we summarized mechanisms of interaction between adsorbates (organics) and adsorbents (MOFs) and methods to modify or functionalize MOFs for effective adsorptions. We expect for readers of this review to understand needed characteristics of adsorbents for the adsorptive removal, functionalization of MOFs for effective adsorption and so on. Moreover, they might have an idea on storage and delivery of organics via understanding of the mechanism of adsorption and interaction.

Development of HAZMAT Information System (수송안전정보시스템 개발)

  • 안승범;김시곤;김용진;홍우식
    • Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.49-65
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    • 2004
  • Ministry of Environment developed ‘Emergency Response Information System (ERIS)’ in 2001, which is in operation. As a next step, currently National Emergency Response Information System (NERIS) is being developed. The main difference among ERIS and NERIS is to enhance the system in the national level, including transportation of hazardous materials. This paper introduces concepts and methods applied to NERIS, especially HAZMAT, and the information system, operating strategies. Based on GIS and transportation-network data, the best route can be offered using Risk Analysis. Strategies for reporting and first-response information systems are also designed for emergencies in the paper.

A Comparative Legal Study of Germany, the United Kingdom, Japan and Korea for the Regulations on Special Management Materials (우리나라 산업안전보건법상 특별관리물질 규정에 대한 독일, 영국 및 일본과의 비교법적 고찰)

  • Choi, Sangjun;Phee, Young Gyu;Kim, Shinbum;Kim, Won
    • Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.137-147
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    • 2013
  • Objectives: This study was conducted in order to evaluate the limitations of the regulations on the safety and health standards for special management materials(SMM) under the Industrial Safety and Health Act in Korea. Methods: Hazardous chemicals management systems in Germany(Hazardous Substances Ordinance), the UK(Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations), Japan(Ordinance on Prevention of Hazards due to Specified Chemical Substances) and Korea(Regulation of Occupational Safety and Health Standards, ROSHS) were investigated and compared in terms of 14 items. Results: Among the 14 items, we eventually found seven items which should be amended: 1) definition and scope, 2) general duties clause, 3) principles of management, 4) preventive measures, 5) control measures, 6) risk assessment, and 7) record keeping. The principal limitations of Korean regulations in comparison with those of other countries were that there were no preventive measures such as substitution, and no principles of good practices for the control of exposure to SMM. In terms of control measures, there were no regulations on suitable workplace design, reducing the number of exposed workers, reducing the level and duration of exposure, and reducing the quantity of hazardous substances in ROSHS. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, ROSHS should be complemented with preventive measures and the principles of management related to SMM. According to the suggestions, an employer who deals with SMM should preferably consider the possibility of substitution and perform substitution so far as is reasonably practicable.

Process and Results of Seoul Metropolitan Government's Environmental Health Policy Road Map (서울시 환경보건정책 로드맵 수립)

  • Lim, Ji-Ae;Kwon, Ho-Jang;Kim, Shinbum;Chou, Youngeun;Gu, Seulgi;Jeong, Hoi-Seong;Kim, Myung Han;Choi, Kyungho
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.40 no.5
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    • pp.425-434
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    • 2014
  • Objectives: The purpose of this study is to introduce the establishment process and results of the Seoul Metropolitan Government's road map on environmental health policy. Methods: The process consisted of expert group meetings, civic participation, research, and questionnaire survey for priority environmental health policy agenda items in Seoul. Results: The announced vision for the environmental health policy was "a healthy environment, safety in Seoul". This policy was established in order to define environment health policy initiatives for a period of five years with an aim to protect Seoul citizens' health from hazardous environmental factors. The resulting Seoul environmental health policy consisted of four areas and 16 key agenda items. The four areas were "Protection for children against hazardous materials", "Enhancement of health and safety of all", "Carcinogen-free and endocrine-disrupting chemical-free Seoul (reducing environmental exposure to hazardous materials), and "Establish the foundation of environmental health policy". Sixteen key agenda items include the enhancement of management of spaces for children, certification of environmental health status at schools, establishment of a unit responsible for the environmental health of children, strengthening environmental health management for susceptible populations (children, the aged, and the socioeconomically vulnerable), management of hazardous materials, physical hazardous factors (noise, radiation, etc.), indoor air quality, and the enhancement of monitoring, research, and regulation of environment health. Conclusion: The Seoul Metropolitan Government established an environmental health policy road map for a five-year period (2013-2017). To implement this environmental health policy, budget allocation, and detailed execution plans are required.

A Study on Assesment of Aalidity of Introducing of Design·Construction·Supervision Register Criteria Measures for Hazardous Materials Facilities (위험물시설의 설계·시공·감리업 등록제 도입에 대한 타당성 검토에 관한 연구)

  • Cha, Jung-Min;Lee, Yong-Jae;Kim, In-Beom;Hyun, Seong-Ho
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.27-37
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    • 2015
  • This study is to analyze current inadequate status of installing hazardous materials facilities, and to propose rational standards by researching validity for implementing registration for design, construction, supervision for installing fire safety facilities. By studying installation of registering designing, constructing, supervising industry on hazardous material facilities, professional and higher level of stability measures for national hazardous material facility was provided. For above reasons, necessity of institutionalizing of registering standards for construction and supervising industry became clear. Much more gradual institutionalization is needed for construction industry. Moreover, new national qualification should be reconsidered, in order to rebuttal the above and also to cultivate and acquire technical power.

Crystallization of the Fly Ash from Municipal Incinerator (도시쓰레기 소각로 비산재 용융결정화 및 용출특성)

  • Lee, Hye-Mun;Kim, U-Hyeon;Lee, Jeong-Gyu
    • 연구논문집
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    • s.31
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    • pp.5-14
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    • 2001
  • These days, interest in the leaching of hazardous heavy metals to consist of incinerator fly ash is increasing, because the heavy metals that leach from the incinerator fly ash pollute the soil and ground water. Therefore this study was undertaken to crystallize the fly ash and prevent the leaching of hazardous heavy metals from fly ash. The concentrations and the leaching concentration of hazardous heavy metals(Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Zn) in the law incinerator fly ash have been measured. The fly ash was melted with two kinds of flux($Na_2CO_3, CaCO_3$) and its add quantity(0, 1, 2, 3 wt%). The crystal structure of melting materials was analyzed by SEM(Scaning Electron Microscope) and X-RD(X-Ray Diffractometer). The leaching test of melting materials was undertaken. And the relation between crystallization of melting materials and flux and leaching concentration. These experiments indicate that the concentration and leaching concentration of heavy metals in incinerator fly ash was much higher than the regulatory standard for leachates in Korea and U.S.A and average concentration of heavy metals in soil. And the crystal structure was better.

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Monitoring of Raw Materials for Commercial Home Meal Replacement Products Using DNA Barcode Information (DNA 바코드를 이용한 가정간편식 제품의 원재료 모니터링 연구)

  • Yu, Yeon-Cheol;Hong, Yewon;Kim, Jung Ju;Lee, Dong Ho;Kim, Hyung Soo;Moon, Guiim;Park, Eun Mi
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.234-242
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    • 2020
  • In this study, we monitored the raw materials in home-meal replacement (HMR) products, which have shown more than 63% growth in market size for two years. A total of 89 HMR products were purchased and the DNA barcodes of 112 raw materials in the product samples were analyzed. In order to identify the raw material species, a primer set specific for the 16S ribosomal RNA region of each raw material species was amplified. The amplicon was purified and sequenced, and then used to perform a BLAST search provided by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The species of the raw material was determined by comparing the nucleotide sequences of the species registered in GenBank with identity and match score. Twenty-four species and three genera were identified from 112 raw materials. Three genera were identified at the genus level because a large number of species belonging to the same genus exist within 98% of the identity criteria. The results of the determination were compared with the available raw materials suggested in the Korea Food Code to determine the Korean name and availability of the foods. Six non-listed species were determined to be edible according to information provided by influential domestic and foreign organizations.

FT-NMR as an analytical tool for identification of inert materials in crop protection products (농약제품분석의 정성분석도구로서 FT-NMR)

  • Choi, Dal-Soon;Kyung, Suk-Hun;Hong, Su-Myeong;Jin, Yong-Duk;Lee, Hea-Keun;Kim, Jin-Hwa;Ryu, Gab-Hee
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.88-94
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    • 2004
  • In order to evaluate NMR spectrometer as the analytical tool for identification of individual adjuvant in crop protection products, the standard sample of individual adjuvant was analyzed by NMR spectrometer and then the formulation of crop protection products was also analyzed. Almost polymer system of surfactant was a co-polymer and there was an excess of ethylene. The most intense signal comes from long polyethylene blocks, 70.5 ppm. The carbonyl groups of ester group resonate at 173.5 ppm. Analytical sample was prepared in NMR tube without extraction, cleanup, concentration, or chromatographic separation. Identification of individual adjuvant in crop protection products was conducted by comparison of sample and reference spectra. NMR spectrometer was useful to analyze adjuvant in crop protection products without preparation process.