• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.280-285
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• 2012

Six polyphenolic compounds, such as chlorogenic acid (CA), rutin (RT), isoquercitrin (IQT), quercetin-3-O-(6-O-malonyl)-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (QMG), astragalin (AG), kaempferol-3-O-(6-O-malonyl)-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (KMG), were isolated from mulberry leaves by a series of isolation procedures, such as Diaion HP-20, silica-gel, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS-A column chromatographies. The chemical structures of the phenolic compounds were identified by UV and NMR spectral analyses. Levels of polyphenols in mulberry leaves from six different mulberry cultivars ranged from 1,042.16 to 1,871.97 mg% per dry weight; Guksang cultivar showed the highest levels of polyphenols, whereas Gaeryangdaehwa contained the least polyphenol contents. Generally, levels of polyphenols in mulberry leaves decreased with increasing harvest time, except for Yoolmok, but increased with heat processing time, except QMG and KMG. These results suggest that the heat processed mulberry leaves of Guksang cultivar harvested in early May can be potentially useful sources for production of high quality mulberry leaf teas.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.160-168
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• 2012

Objectives: Cynanchi wilfordii Radix has commonly been used with or instead of Polygoni multiflori Radix in Korea. The purpose of this study was to investigate their history in the traditional Oriental medical literature and quantitative determination of conduritol F from Cynanchi wilfordii Radix according to various harvest times. Methods: We conducted studies of the traditional Oriental medical literature and analysis of the component, conduritol F, simultaneously. Efficacy and origin of Cynanchi wilfordii Radix in literature study, time of harvest in component research. Chromatographic analysis performed using Silica(2) 100A column (Phenomenex 5 um, 250 mm 4.6 mm) with a mixture of acetonitrile and water (98 : 2)(v/v). The analyses detected at UV (210 nm). Results: Conduritol F was detected in Cynanchi wilfordii Radix, but in Cynanchi auriculati Radix was not. We indicate that conduritol F is as a distinguishable indicator with other materia medica. We think the proper harvesting time is October and November. Conclusions: Measures of trunk control were significantly related with values of dynamic balance and gait. Based on these results, trunk control is an essential core component of balance and gait. Trunk control training programs after stroke should be developed and emphasized.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1983

An investigation was made of the effect of carrot variety and harvest time (DAP) on the composition of carotenoids and the Retinol Equivalent value by column chromatography, and of the relation of the total carotenoid content to the Retinol Equivalent by regression analysis. The results are summarized as follows : 1. There were very significant differences of total carotenoid, ${\alpha}-carotene,\;and\;{\beta}-carotene$ contents among carrot varieties and between two harvest times(90 DAP, 99 DAP). Especially, each component of carotenoids in carrots harvested at 99 DAP attained higher concentrations than 90 DAP. 2. Retinol Equivalent value showed the tendency to increase as the numbers of DAP incr The Shindaehyung-Ochon and Hongshim-Ochon varieties had the highest RE. value. 3. In the composition of carotenoids and Retinol Equivalent value, the Shamgae-Ochon variety had the nearest value to the mean of all variety. Therefore, it is most reasonable to use the Shamgae-Ochon variety for the analysis of vitamin A value in carrots. 4. The regression of the totel carotenoid (x) to the Retinol Equivalent (y) was y = 0.074 + 0.12x $(r^2$ = 0.91). So, if total carotenoid content is determined, R.E. value can be predicted by this regression equations, saving time and labor.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.313-321
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• 2014

Objective: The purpose of this study is to develop products that prevent muscular skeletal disease of farm workers, which would bring improvement for an efficient harvesting work. Background: A pretest for product development and a survey research was carried out to inspect the problems of current harvesting work procedure. The product was developed and assessed based on ideas to supplement and improve these weak points. Method: A total of twenty men were recruited to evaluate the effects of harvest baskets on the upper-limb muscle activity, working hours. For the usability evaluation, electromyogram and working hours of previous working method (disuse of harvest basket, one-hand carriage of the basket) and new working method with the usage of newly-developed harvest basket was examined. The whole anterior deltoid, biceps brachii and erector spinae on both sides, which make a total of six muscle parts, were used for this experiment. The results were analyzed using ANOVA with muscle activity (%MVC) of each three forms of work and required work time from SPSS 18.0. Results: According to the test result, all muscles did not demonstrate any statistically significant difference, with an exception of the backbone erector (right). The muscle activity of backbone erector (right) in the work method that uses the harvest basket developed in this study was detected to be approximately 23% less than that of the previous working method. Moreover, compared to the previous working method, the required work time decreased to a statistically significant degree. Conclusion: As such, the decrease in the amount of waist muscle usage at harvesting work would enable the prevention of muscular skeletal disease and stabilization of lumbar spine. Application: Which in turn would increase the effectiveness and reduce personnel expense (labor costs) while enhancing productivity with a decreased working hours.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.330-339
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• 2016

The effect of transplanting and harvest timing was evaluated for the production of high quality pigmented rice in the Yeongnam plain area. Rice was transplanted on June $2^{nd}$ and $14^{th}$ and harvested between 35 - 55 days after panicle heading at 5 - day intervals. Three black- and 3 red-pigmented rice cultivars (such as early cultivar : Josengheugchal, Jeogjinju; medium cultivar : Heugseol, Hongjinju; and mid-late cultivar : Sintoheugmi, Geongganghongmi) were studied. Yield components like spikelet number, ripened grain ratio, and 1,000 - grain weight of the black- and red-pigmented rice cultivars were similar for both the June 2 and June 14 transplantings but panicle number per $m^2$ was higher for the June 14 transplanting than for June 2. This contributed to a higher brown rice yield for the June 14 transplanting, by 6 - 19% for black-pigmented rice, and by 10 - 21% for red-pigmented rice than the yield for the June 2 transplanting. Total anthocyanin and polyphenol productions of the pigmented rice were also higher in the June 14 transplanting than that in the June 2 transplanting due to high brown rice yield. Based on the combined pigmented brown rice yield, we concluded that the optimal harvest timing would be 40 - 45 days after panicle heading (DAH) for the black-pigmented rice and 45 - 50 DAH for the red-pigmented rice. This study suggests that optimum transplanting and harvest timings play an important role for production of high quality pigmented rice in the Yeongnam plain area.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제80권4호
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• pp.427-435
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• 1991

삼림수확계획(森林收穫計劃)을 위한 선형계획법(線型計劃法)(LP)의 적용성(適用性)은 이미 널리 알려져 있다. 본 연구(硏究)에서는 삼림경영(森林經營) 계획기간(計劃期間) 10년 동안 보적수확량(保積收穫量)의 시간적(時間的), 공간적(空間的) 최적배분(最適配分)을 위하여 시뮬레이션과 선형계획법(線型計劃法)을 사용하였다. 수확표수치(收穫表數値)를 이용하여 수종별(樹種別) 생장방정식(生長方程式)을 유도했고 시뮬레이션 모형(模型)에 유도된 생장방정식(生長方程式)을 포함시켜 계획기간(計劃期間)동안 잣나무임분(林分)의 축적변동상황(蓄積變動狀況)을 추정(推定)하였다. 이것은 LP모형의 기초 data가 되며 고전적(古典的) 수확조절방법(收穫調節方法)(Paulsen-Hundeshagen 공식법(公式法))에 의해 계산된 분기별(分期別) 수확재적(收穫材積)의 상한치(上限値)등이 LP모형구성에 포함되었다. 2년(年)을 1분기(分期)로 하여 계획기간(計劃期間) 10년(年)을 5분기(分期)로 나누었으며 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서 개발(開發)된 LP모형에 의해 연습림내(演習林內) 잣나무 임분(林分)의 보조소반별(補助小班別) 분기별(分期別) 최적수확(最適收穫) 계획(計劃)을 수립(樹立)하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1547-1550
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• 2015

Fuji apple variety introduced in Japan has excellent storage quality and good taste so it is most commonly cultivated in the Korean Peninsula. Accurate prediction of harvest maturity allows farmers to more efficiently manage their farm, such as working time, fruit storage, market shipment and labor distribution so it is very important. This study was carried out to predict the harvest maturity of 'Fuji' apple using DTS (Days Transformed to Standard temperature) model based on the Arrhenius law in the Gunwi province of the South Korea. Input data are daily average temperature and apple harvest maturity. Predicted the harvest maturity of Fuji apple after estimating the optimal parameters by using the Nelder-Mead method. The differences of observed and predicted harvest maturity day are approximately 1 to 4 days and the RMSE is 2.9.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.286-286
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• 2017

We conducted to compare the characteristics of rice flours according to the different milling processes. Five rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) with different amylose content were prepared by wet and dry milling processes. The moisture contents of wet-milled rice flours (WMR) was mostly three-time higher than those of dry-milled flours (DMR). Water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI) and swelling power (SP) increased in proportion to temperature ($50-90^{\circ}C$). WAI, WSI, SP of DMR showed higher value than those of WMR. Baeokchal (BOC) which is waxy rice cultivar was significantly high level of WSI. Pasting properties of DMR except BOC cultivar resulted in higher peak viscosity, trough viscosity, final viscosity and Setback. The levels of resistant starch in the four cultivars except Dodamssal (DDS) were under 1% irrespective of Milling processes, whereas the resistant starch contents of DMR and WMR in DDS was 9.18 and 6.27, respectively. Damaged starch content of WMR were less than those of DMR, moreover, negative correlation was observed between amylose content and damaged starch of rice cultivars. These results suggest that the properties of rice flour varied depending on the milling methods and varieties, and it could be a reference for selecting the appropriate processing purposes.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.125-135
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• 2019

Late-maturing Dark Horse, and early-maturing High Speed oat varieties were seeded on March 3, 2016 and harvested on three periods: May 31, June 10, and June 20 coded as early, mid, and late-harvest, respectively. Dried and ground samples were subjected to chemical analysis to determine nutritional values such as crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), ether extract (EE), organic matter (OM), and total digestible nutrient (TDN). Effective degradability (ED) of nutrients and fermentation characteristics including volatile fatty acid (VFA) composition, pH, gas production, and ammonia-N concentration were evaluated through an in vitro digestion method. Varieties of oat hays showed significant difference in terms of nutritional value, ED, and fermentation characteristics. Dark Horse showed higher CP and OM, and lower EE contents than High Speed. Dark Horse also showed higher EDDM (dry matter), NDF, ADF, and OM than High Speed, and although High Speed showed higher pH and ammonia-N, it had lower gas and total VFA production than Dark Horse. However, in terms of harvest period, significant difference was only observed in Dark Horse where early-harvest increased the CP, and late-harvest increased the NDF and OM contents. In addition, early-harvest of Dark Horse increased the EDDM and EDNDF of the forage. Therefore, early-harvest of late-maturing Dark Horse would give better nutrient efficiency than High Speed. Allowing Dark Horse to advance in maturity would decrease its nutrient productivity and efficiency.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.517-526
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• 2023

만생종 'Fuji' 사과(Malus × domestica)는 과피 착색에 따라 수확시기가 가변적인 품종이다. Ethephon은 ethylene 발생을 촉진하는 식물생장조절제로 사과나무를 포함한 호흡급등형 과수작물의 과실 성숙과 관련된 생리적 반응을 유도한다. 본 연구는 'Fuji'/M.26 사과의 경제적이고 안정적인 수확기 조절 방법을 제시하고자 과실 비대생장 종료 후 ethephon 단용처리와 ethephon 및 염화칼슘 혼합처리가 과실특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 과실 비대생장이 종료된 만개 후 145일에 100 mg/L ethephon과 100 mg/L ethephon 및 0.5% 염화칼슘 혼합용액을 분무처리 후 10일 주기로 과실특성을 조사하였다. Ethephon 단용처리구와 ethephon 및 염화칼슘 혼합처리구 모두 만개 후 155일부터 전분함량이 감소되어 과실성숙이 촉진되었으며, 수확 10일 전 전분함량은 대조구의 수확기 전분함량과 유사하였다. 과피 착색은 ethephon 및 염화칼슘 혼합처리구에서 ethephon 단용처리구보다 착색률이 낮았으나 대조구보다는 높았다. 과실 평균 경도는 ethephon 단용처리구가 가장 낮았으며, ethephon 및 염화칼슘 혼합처리구는 대조구와 유사하였다. 수확기 당산비는 세 처리구 간에 유의한 차이는 없었으나 수확 10일 전 ethephon 단용처리구와 ethephon 및 염화칼슘 혼합처리구의 적정산도가 대조구보다 유의적으로 낮았다. 특히 2021년 수확 10일 전 ethephon 단용처리구와 ethephon 및 염화칼슘 혼합처리구의 당산비는 수확기 당산비와 유사하였다. 따라서 'Fuji'/M.26의 과실 비대생장이 종료된 시점에 100 mg/L ethephon과 0.5% 염화칼슘 혼합처리를 통해 과실성숙과 과피 착색을 수확기보다 10일 촉진할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.