• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.340-349
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a hand massage program on anxiety, vital sign and pain in clients with ischemic heart disease. The design utilized for this study was quasi-experimental with a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design The subjects were fifty-four patients, twenty-eight for the experimental and twenty-six for the control group, who were admitted with ischemic heart diease at a cardiac intensive care unit in K medical center of K university. This study was carried out from May, 1999 to March, 2000. The level of anxiety and pain measured by Visual Analogue Scale, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate were measured before and after hand massage, the state of Anxiety was measured by the Spielberger (1970) scale at admission and after hand massage for three days. The collected data were processed by using the SPSS PC program and analyzed using $\chi^2$-test and t-test. The result of this study are as follows : 1. The scores of VAS anxiety and State of anxiety of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group. 2. The degree of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate of the experimental group were lower than that of the control group. 3. The score of VAS pain of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group. The results suggested that hand massage can decrease VAS anxiety, State of anxiety, vital signs and VAS pain of patients who were admitted with ischemic heart disease at cardiac intensive care unit Therefore, it is proposed that hand massage is an appropriate nursing intervention to relieve anxiety of the patients who were admitted with ischemic heart disease at a cardiac intensive care unit.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.465-474
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of hand massage in patients who underwent transradial percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group and non-synchronized design. The study included 30 patients in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. Hand massage was performed 2 times for 5 minutes each in the experimental group and the control group only received usual nursing interventions. Pain, level of discomfort, and vital signs were defined as key outcome measures, and the data were analyzed using the chi-square test, an independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, repeated-measures analysis of variance, and Friedman test. Results: Significant differences were observed between the 2 groups in the pain score (F=7.91, p=.003), discomfort score (F=18.15, p<.001), pulse (F=12.92, p<.001), and respiration rate (${\times}^2=19.35$, p<.001). Conclusion: Hand massage can be a helpful nursing intervention for transradial percutaneous coronary intervention by reducing pain and discomfort to a considerable degree.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.105-111
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of hand massage program on total sleep hours at night and satisfaction of sleep in clients with ischemic heart disease. The design utilized for this study was quasi-experimental with a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The subjects were fifty-four patients, twenty-eight for the experimental and twenty-six for the control group, who were admitted with ischemic heart disease at cardiac intensive care unit in K medical center of K university. This study was carried out from May, 1999 to March, 2000. Hand massage was carried out at $8{\sim}9$ PM, once a day for 3 days. Total sleep hours at night were measured from 9 PM through 6AM next morning. Sleep hours of subjects were observed 30 minutes interval. Satisfaction of sleep was measured by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) at 7 AM next morning. The collected data were processed by using the SPSS PC program and analyzed using $X^2$-test and repeated measures of ANOVA. The result of this study are as follows : 1. The total sleep hours at night of the experimental group were not higher than those of the control group. 2. The satisfaction of sleep of the experimental group was not higher than that of the control group. In conclusion, hand massage did not promoted sleep in ICU clients with ischemic heart disease.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.155-165
• /
• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to understand the hand-on breast massage techniques used by well-known experts in breastfeeding clinics. Methods: A qualitative multiple-case design was applied that involved a feasibility test. Four experts sampling qualitative data collected by observing participants and in individual interviews were analyzed by content analysis, linking data to the propositions, and cross-case pattern matching. This study explored differences within and between cases, and the possibilities of replicating findings across cases. Thirty-nine postpartum women participated voluntarily in the feasibility test, which investigated the usability of four massage techniques. Results: The four techniques showed considerable similarities in terms of the application of stimulation to the breast base and increased flexibility of the wired flexible body, which was the core mechanism underlying the techniques. The breast management strategies were consistent with existing practice guidelines with the exception of using cold cabbage to control engorgement pain. There was insufficient scientific evidence for supporting the massage techniques used by the experts. All of the techniques showed 100% education completeness, but application rates were higher for self-control-oriented techniques. Conclusion: The massage techniques applied by experts in breastfeeding were based on hypotheses and self-control techniques are feasible to apply in practice.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.296-302
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study examined the effectiveness of a hand massage combined with analgesics on pain control in hospice patients with terminal cancer. Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental study with a single group time series design. The study included 25 terminal cancer patients who were admitted to a hospice ward. Each patient's pain level was measured after analgesics use only (control group). When patients complained of pain again, the pain level was assessed after administering a combination of hand massage and analgesics (experimental group). As for the experimental treatment, the participants were provided with oil hand massage on each hand for 5 minutes. Results: The experimental group and the control group showed no significant differences in the changes of pain score (F=0.74, P=0.3939). Conclusion: Although the pain level of the experimental group did not significantly improve compared with the control group, their pain levels tended to be low to begin with. Thus, a complementary utility value of hand massage cannot be completely excluded in terminal cancer patients. Since the pain level significantly changed according to the dosage of analgesic, nurses need more education and research on analgesic drug therapy for terminal cancer patients.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.709-717
• /
• 2006

Purpose: The Purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of aromatherapy massage on the preoperative anxiety of stomach cancer patients. Method: The research design was a nonequivalent control group non synchronized design. The data were collected during the period of October 2 to December 30, 2005 at H Hospital in Seoul. The subjects were 40 patients who were operated under general anesthesia for stomach cancer. State anxiety, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate were measured on the day before surgery and the preoperative period. Data were analyzed by ${\chi}^2$ test, independent t-test, paired t-test. Results: Hypothesis 1 that the level of preoperative state anxiety of the experimental group who received aromatherapy massage is lower than that of the control group who did not received aromatherapy was supported(p=.004). Hypothesis 2 the physiological index of the preoperative anxiety of the experimental group who received aromatherapy is lower than that of the control group who did not received aromatherapy. Conclusion: According to these results, aromatherapy hand massage can be regarded as a partially effective nursing intervention that relives anxiety of surgical patients and decreases the blood pressure level.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.469-479
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of nursing intervention of aromatherapy hand massage. Method: In order to conduct a meta-analysis, a total of 124 studies were retrieved. From these studies, fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria with a total of 733 participants. And these studies published from January 2004 to July 2013 were included in the journal articles published in Korea. Results: In fifteen studies, Random effect model for the aromatherapy hand massage that 95% confidence level, significant level of p-valve on less than 0.001. Standardized Mean Difference reported systolic blood pressure(d=-9.5320), diastolic pressure(d=-8.8730), pulse(d=-9.1241), anxiety(d=-0.1469), and depression(d=-0.4489) All measurement variables were significantly decreased in the negative direction. Conclusion: This study suggests that aromatherapy hand massage can reduce the level of blood pressure(systolic, diastolic), pulse, anxiety and depression.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.608-616
• /
• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of smoking cessation program applying aromatherapy massage on female college students' quitting of smoking. Methods: Forty-eight female college students were assigned to a smoking cessation program applying aromatherapy massage or a control group. The treatment group was taught to conduct a self hand massage with aroma essence oil. Lavender extra, Camomile roman and Bergamotte aroma essence oil were used for massage. The results of this study showed that the smoking cessation program applying aromatherapy massage resulted in significant effects on the number of cigarettes smoked per day, anxiety, smoking cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Conclusions: The findings presented above suggest that the smoking cessation program applying aromatherapy massage may be an effective intervention for female college students attempting to quit smoking to alleviate smoking-related anxiety and to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked, smoking cravings and withdrawal symptoms.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.36-42
• /
• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of aromatherapy hand massage on the anxiety of gastroscopy clients. Method: The data were collected during the period from March 10 to May 20, 2004 at S-Hospital in Kyungi-Do. There were sixty subjects, 30 for the experimental and 30 for the control group. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, $X^2$-test and paired t-test with SPSS program. Result: The pulse rate was reduced significantly, but there were no significant differences in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure between two groups. The status anxiety of experimental group was lower than the control group, but there was no significant difference statistically. Conclusion: Aromatherapy could be useful in the nursing practice, and be utilized as a way of nursing intervention to reduce anxiety of the client in specific clinical situations.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.168-181
• /
• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identified patterns of studies and to analyze the nursing research related to the massage intervention in Korea and to improve direction of nursing research in massage intervention in Korea. Methods: The research studies related to the massage were selected from the Korean Nurses Academic Society Journal and dissertation which were conducted experimental research design the last 7 years in Korea. The total numbers of the studies were 58. Result: The study subjects were post operational state in 34.5%, healthy adult in 17.2% studies. The others dealt with infant, cancer, dementia, hypertension, preterm neonates, elderly. Types of massage were whole body in 31.1%, foot in 22.6%, hand in 17.2%, back in 13.8% studies. And Meridian massage in 17.2%. Length of massage was below 5 minutes in 17.2%, 6~10 minutes in 29.4% and 11~20 minutes in 32.8% studies. Frequency of massage was only 1 time in 25.9%, 2~5 times in 31.1% studies. Massage produced psychological and physiological effects. Positive psychologic effects were anxiety relief, pain relief, mood enhancement and fatigue relief. Positive physiologic effects on body systems were blood pressure, heart rate, edema, skin temperature, immune system, blood glucose, excretion, PMS syndrome and growth and development. Conclusion: As a result, effects of massage were almost positive. Therefore massage is useful alternative nursing intervention. But more attention research is needed to identify the objectivity instrument to measure and repeat research.