• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.1314-1319
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• 2018

현재 우리 사회는 아동의 성장발달에 대한 관심이 증가한데 비해 대한성장의학회에서 사용되고 있는 TW3 기반의 최대신장예측 기법은 수동으로 이루어지고 있어 주관적이며, 진료에 있어 다소 많은 시간과 노력을 필요로 한다는 단점이 있다. 또한 현재 딥러닝, 특히 컨볼루션 신경망을 활용해 영상을 분류하는 기술은 인간의 눈보다 더 정확한 수준으로 다양한 분야에 활용되고 있으며 의료분야 또한 예외는 아니다. 따라서 성장 예측의 신뢰도를 높이고, 진단자의 편의성을 증대하기 위해 본 논문에서는 컨볼루션 신경망을 이용해 좌측 수골의 발달 수준을 예측하고 소아청소년의 최대신장예측에 활용되는 딥러닝을 이용한 TW3 알고리즘을 제안한다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.279-287
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• 2023

Background Hypothenar free flaps (HTFFs) have been widely used for reconstructing palmar defects. Although previous anatomical and clinical studies of HTFF have been conducted, this technique still has some limitations. In this study, we describe some tips for large flap design that allows for easy harvesting of HTFFs with minimal donor site morbidity. Methods A total of 14 HTFF for hand defect reconstruction were recorded. The oblique flap was designed in the proximal HT area following relaxed skin tension line along the axis between fourth web space and 10 mm ulnar side of pisiform. A flap pedicle includes one or two perforators with ulnar digital artery and HT branch of basilic vein. In addition, innervated HTFF can be harvested with a branch of ulnar digital nerve. Electronic medical records were reviewed to obtain data on patients' information, operative details, and follow-up period. In addition, surgical outcome score was obtained from the patient, up to 10 points, at the last follow-up. Results Mean harvest time was 46 minutes, and two perforators were included in 10 cases. The mean flap area was 10.84 cm². There were no problems such as donor site depression, scar contracture, keloids, wound dehiscence, numbness or neuroma pain at donor sites, and hypersensitivity or cold intolerance at flap site, either functionally or aesthetically. Conclusion Palmar defect reconstruction is challenging for hand surgeons. However, large HTFF can be harvested without complications using the oblique axis HTFF technique. We believe our surgical tips increase utility of HTFF for palmar defect reconstruction.

• Archives of Hand and Microsurgery
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.248-253
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• 2018

목적: 변형-내초점 핀 고정술을 통한 골성 망치 수지의 해부학적인 직접 정복에 대한 임상적 결과를 알아보고자 한다. 방법: 2014년 3월부터 2017년 10월까지 18명의 골성 망치 수지 환자를 대상으로 K-강선을 이용하여 골편을 직접 정복하는 방법인 변형-내초점 핀 고정술을 시행하였다. 수술 후 통증, 관절 운동 범위, 방사선적인 평가를 시행하였다. 또한 골유합 시기, 기능 회복 정도, 합병증 발생률을 평가하였고, 수술 후 기능적 예후를 판정하기 위해 Crawford의 평가 기준을 이용하였다. 결과: 평균 6주(5-7주)에 방사선적 골유합을 얻었다. 전체 환자에서 평균 $2.8^{\circ}$ ($0^{\circ}-10^{\circ}$)의 신전 소실(extension loss)이 발생하였다. 모든 환자에서 관절면의 일치와 만족스러운 관절면의 재형성이 관찰되었으며, 최종 외래 추시에서 원위지간 관절의 평균 굴곡각은 $72.2^{\circ}$ ($70^{\circ}-75^{\circ}$)였다. Crawford의 평가 기준으로 아주 만족이 12명(66.7%), 만족이 6명(33.3%)이었다. 결론: 변형-내초점 핀 고정술은 골편을 직접 정복 후 고정하여 해부학적 정복을 얻는 방법으로 기존의 다른 경피적 핀 고정술들과 결합하여 적절한 적응증에 적용한다면 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.705-713
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 Network RTK 보정정보 생성 프로세스에서 핵심 process인 기준국간 미지정수 결정을 위해 Hatch filter를 이용한 방법과 L1/L2 측정치 조합을 활용하는 방법에 대해 소개하고 시뮬레이션 데이터 및 실측 데이터를 활용하여 그 성능을 비교 및 검증하였다. 각각의 방법에 대해 수식 전개를 수행하였으며, 사용자 성능 검증을 위해서 다중 기준국 네트워크에 대해 생성한 보정정보와 사용자 위치에서 생성한 보정정보의 차이값을 비교하였다. 각각의 기준국간 미지정수 결정 방법을 실측 데이터에 적용하여 사용자 성능을 예측한 결과, Hatch filter를 사용한 경우에는 단일 기준국 RTK 기반의 방법에 비해 다중 기준국 네트워크에서 생성된 보정정보를 사용하는 것이 사용자 성능을 크게 향상시키는 결과를 확인하였다. 그러나 사용자의 미지정수에 영향은 없으나, 상당한 크기의 바이어스 오차가 포함되는 것을 확인하였고 그 원인에 대해 분석하였다. L1/L2 측정치 조합을 이용한 경우, Hatch filter를 사용한 방법에 비해 사용자에 발생하는 오차의 크기가 훨씬 감소하였으며 잔차의 경향성도 훨씬 감소한 것을 확인하였다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume I
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• pp.278-281
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• 2006

Korea Meteorological Administration(KMA) has issued the tropical storm(typhoon) warning or advisories when it was developed to tropical storm from tropical depression and a typhoon is expected to influence the Korean peninsula and adjacent seas. Typhoon information includes current typhoon position and intensity. KMA has used the Dvorak Technique to analyze the center of typhoon and it's intensity by using available geostationary satellites' images such as GMS, GOES-9 and MTSAT-1R since 2001. The Dvorak technique is so subjective that the analysis results could be variable according to analysts. To reduce the subjective errors, QuikSCAT seawind data have been used with various analysis data including sea surface temperature from geostationary meteorological satellites, polar orbit satellites, and other observation data. On the other hand, there is an advantage of using the Subjective Dvorak Technique(SDT). SDT can get information about intensity and center of typhoon by using only infrared images of geostationary meteorology satellites. However, there has been a limitation to use the SDT on operational purpose because of lack of observation and information from polar orbit satellites such as SSM/I. Therefore, KMA has established Advanced Objective Dvorak Technique(AODT) system developed by UW/CIMSS(University of Wisconsin-Madison/Cooperative Institude for Meteorological Satellite Studies) to improve current typhoon analysis technique, and the performance has been tested since 2005. We have developed statistical relationships to correct AODT CI numbers according to the SDT CI numbers that have been presumed as truths of typhoons occurred in northwestern pacific ocean by using linear, nonlinear regressions, and neural network principal component analysis. In conclusion, the neural network nonlinear principal component analysis has fitted best to the SDT, and shown Root Mean Square Error(RMSE) 0.42 and coefficient of determination($R^2$) 0.91 by using MTSAT-1R satellite images of 2005. KMA has operated typhoon intensity analysis using SDT and AODT since 2006 and keep trying to correct CI numbers.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.723-728
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• 2008

Purpose: The disinsertion of the phalangeal tendon distal insertion has difficulties in ordinary tenorrhaphy operation for the anatomical features, and still has controversy between non-surgical and surgical management. The purpose of this study is to select treatment for the injury of the phalangeal tendon distal insertion, as we've had a good results from operation treatment with Pull-in suture technique. Methods: We reviewed the hospital records of 12 patients treated with Pull-in suture technique with disinsertion of the phalangeal extensor or flexor tendon distal insertion from June 2006 to June 2007. Eight patients were involved with the tendon disinsertion without bone fracture, and 4 patients were involved with the fracture of the phalangeal tendon distal insertion site. After removal of the K-wire in week 6, active physical exercises were commenced immediately. The mean follow-up period was 12.4 months. Results: All the patients who had tendon disinsertion with bone fracture had IIB, by Wehbe and Schneider's classification 2, and we evaluated the results comparing the same finger of the other hand according to Crawford's evaluation criteria 5. The nine excellent and three good results were obtained and there were no limitation of motor for the patient who had operation for the rupture of flexor tendon as well. There were no particular complications during the follow-up period. Conclusion: The most important thing for the disinsertion of the phalangeal tendon distal insertion is to maintain an accurate and durable reduction state keeping the tension of tendon. At this point, after removal of the K-wire, the Pull-in suture technique allows accurate realignment of the tendon-bone unit without any specific instrumentation under the more stable state. The Pull-in suture technique seems to be a strong alternative for the treatment of disinsertion of the phalangeal tendon distal insertion, with successful treatment outcome(rapid functional recovery and high patient satisfaction).

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.538-550
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• 2008

Radon is an invisible, odorless, and radioactive gas. It is formed by the disintegration of radium, which is a decay product of uranium. Some amounts of radon gas and its products are present ubiquitously in the soil, water, and air. Particularly high radon levels occur in regions of high uranium content. Although radon is permeable into indoor environment not only through geological features (bed rock and permeability) but also through the construction materials and underground water, the radiation from the geological features is generally main exposure factor. So there can be a problem in a certain space such as the underground and/or relatively poor ventilation condition. In this study, a GIS technique was used in order to investigate spatial distribution of radon measured from sub- way stations of 1 thru 8 in Seoul, Korea in 1991, 1998, 2001, and 2006. Spatial analysis was applied to reproduce the radon distribution. We utilized spatial analysis techniques such as inverse distance weighted averaging (IDW) and kriging techniques which are widely used to relate between different spatial points. To validate the results from the analyses, the jackknife technique for an uncertainty test was performed. When the number of measuring sites was less than 100 and also when the number of omitted sites increased, the kriging technique was better than IDW. On the other hand, when the number of sites was over 100, IDW technique was better than kriging technique. Thus the selection of analytical tool was affected sensitives by the analysis based on the number of measuring sites.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2020

Objective: To comparatively evaluate the scan coverage and diagnostic performance of the two-view scan technique (2-VST) of the automated breast ultrasound system (ABUS) versus the conventional three-view scan technique (3-VST) in women with small breasts. Materials and Methods: Between March 2016 and May 2017, 136 asymptomatic women with small breasts (bra cup size A) suitable for 2-VST were enrolled. Subsequently, 272 breasts were subjected to bilateral whole-breast ultrasound examinations using ABUS and the hand-held ultrasound system (HHUS). During ABUS image acquisition, one breast was scanned with 2-VST, while the other breast was scanned with 3-VST. In each breast, the breast coverage and visibility of the HHUS detected lesions on ABUS were assessed. The sensitivity and specificity of ABUS were compared between 2-VST and 3-VST. Results: Among 136 breasts, eight cases of breast cancer were detected by 2-VST, and 10 cases of breast cancer were detected by 3-VST. The breast coverage was satisfactory in 94.1% and 91.9% of cases under 2-VST and 3-VST, respectively (p = 0.318). All HHUS-detected lesions were visible on the ABUS images regardless of the scan technique. The sensitivities and specificities were similar between 2-VST and 3-VST (100% [8/8] vs. 100% [10/10], and 97.7% [125/128] vs. 95.2% [120/126], respectively), with no significant difference (p > 0.05). Conclusion: 2-VST of ABUS achieved comparable scan coverage and diagnostic performance to that of conventional 3-VST in women with small breasts.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.208-213
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• 2006

배경: 식도암 수술에 있어서 문합 부위 합병증의 발생은 문합 방법이나 위치와 관계가 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이에 저자들은 식도암으로 식도절제 및 식도재건술을 시행 받은 환자에서 문합 방법 및 위치와 누출 또는 협착 발생과의 연관성에 대해 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1993년 8월부터 2003년 5월까지 식도암으로 식도재건술을 시행 받은 321명의 환자를 대상으로 하여 문합 방법, 문합 위치 ,합병증의 발생에 대해 조사하였다. 환자군의 평균 연령은 64.5$\pm$4.9세(37${\~}$94세)였고, 성비는 남자 3001 명($93.5\%$), 여자 21명($6.5\%$)이었다. 결과: 문합부위의 누출은 7예($2.2\%$)에서 발생하였다. 부위별로는 경부 문합에서 3예($4.1\%$), 흉부 문합에서 4예($1.6\%$)로 문합 위치에 따른 차이는 없었다. 문합 방법은 stapler 봉합을 한 경우에서 4예($1.6\%$), semi-stapler 봉합을 한 경우에서 3예($9.1\%$), 수봉합한 경우는 0예($0.0\%$)로 문합 방법에 따른 누출의 차이가 없었다. 문합 부위의 협착은 52예($16.2\%$)에서 발생하였고, 부위별로는 경부 문합에서 2예($2.7\%$), 흉부 문합에서 50예($20.2\%$)로 문합 위치에 따른 차이가 있었다(p<0.001). 문합 방법별로는 stapler봉합이 49예($20.0\%$), semi-stapler봉합 1예($3.0\%$), 수봉합 2예($4.7\%$)로 stapler 봉합에서 유의하게 높았다(p<0.001). 결론: 식도암 환자의 식도재건술에 있어서 문합방법은 문합 부위 누출에 의미 있는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 그러나, 문합 부위의 협착과 관련하여 stapler 봉합은 semi-stapler 봉합 및 수봉합보다 높은 빈도로 협착이 나타났다. 그러므로 stapler 문합시 협착을 줄이기 위해서는 문합 방법의 개선이 필요하다고 생각한다.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.62-66
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• 2009

Purpose: Despite the free tissue transfer using microsurgical technique being the current trend of soft tissue reconstruction of the hand, the pedicled groin flap has the advantage to provide coverage for the mangled hand without necessitating the use of a damaged arterial system and also providing the benefit of saving the arterial system for later free tissue transfer. This report presents the author's experience using pedicled groin flap in four cases of mangled hands with massive bone and soft tissue defects requiring later thumb reconstruction with the free wrap around flap. Materials and methods: The patients' age ranged from 30 to 51 years; three patients were male and one was female. The causes of mangled hand included two machinery crush injuries, one laboratory explosion and one motor vehicle accident. While evaluating the post-operative results, factors like flap survival, complications, stability in opposition, pinch power and 2 point discrimination were taken into account. Results: All massive soft tissue defects of the hands were completely covered with pedicled groin flap successfully. The reconstructed thumb using free wrap around flap did not have any limitation in opposition. There was no occurrence of post-operative infection and all the flaps survived completely. The average pinch power was 70% of the contralateral intact thumb and average 2 point discrimination was 10 mm. Conclusion: The pedicled groin flap for the reconstruction of the massive soft tissue defects of the hand with subsequent reconstruction of the thumb with a wrap around flap is a very useful procedure. The combined use of pedicled groin flap and wrap around flap allows adequate coverage of sizable soft tissue defects and functional thumb opposition in cases of reconstruction of the mangled hands.