• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.238-247
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• 2018

This study investigated survival rates and physiological responses in Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) to 18 days of containment in live fish containers ($8^{\circ}C$, 34 psu). The investigation was divided into three periods: before, during, and recovery after transportation. The overall survival rate was greater than 99%. Glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) rose immediately on the first day of containment, but then gradually returned to normal levels. $NH_3$ continued to rise after the first day, but during the recovery period it decreased to a level not significantly different from that of the control group. $Na^+$ and osmolality did not show any abnormal changes. After recovery, superoxide dismutase (SOD) was not significantly different from control. Abalone in the experimental group had lower glutathione reductase (GR) than control. The hyalinocyte ratio fell immediately after confinement, but then gradually increased until it reached a normal level. The ratios of apoptotic and necrotic cells indicated no specific variations in hemocyte viability. Histological changes in the epidermal layer and muscle layer of the foot were not significantly different from those seen in the control group. The experimental data obtained in this study suggest that live fish containers may be used for transport of Pacific abalone without significantly impacting their physiology or survival rates.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to provide basic information on sexual maturity and reproductive biology for the management of biological resources in abalone Haliotis discus hannai. The nucleus of the oogonium occupied about 42% of the cytoplasm, and had a distinctive basophilic chromatin. The cytoplasm of previtellogenic oocytes was homogeneous and the size of nuclear pores increased. Fine granular and vacuolar yolk granules were observed in the cytoplasm of the initial vitellogenic oocyte. In this stage, the egg stalk and jelly membrane began to develop. The nucleus of the active vitellogenic oocyte was located near the animal pole. Yolk granules were strongly acidophilic. Lampbrush chromosomes were observed in the nucleus and rough endoplasmic reticulum. Annulate lamellae developed in the cytoplasm. The shape of the ripe oocyte was rounded polygonal. The size of ripe oocytes was 202.9±21.40×142.1±18.82 ㎛ and the thickness of the jelly membrane was 10.1±1.52 ㎛. These results show that yolk accumulation in H. discus hannai is based on two methods: exogenous accumulation, through the egg stalk, and endogenous accumulation, through intracellular organelles. Management of biological resources will be necessary when oocytes predominate after the active vitellogenic stage.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.515-523
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• 2020

Basal and heat shock-induced mRNA expression patterns of major heat shock protein (HSP) genes, including those encoding heat shock protein (HSP) 90, HSP70, HSP70-12A, heat shock inducible protein 70 (HSIP70), heat shock binding protein 1 (HSPBP1), HSP60, and HSP40 were examined in the gill and hepatopancreas of 1-year-old diploid and triploid abalone Haliotis discus hannai juveniles. Under non-stimulated conditions at 19℃, triploid abalones displayed, in general, higher mRNA levels of various HSPs (HSP70, HSIP70, HSPBP1, HSP70-12A, and HSP60 in the gill and HSIP70, HSPBP1, and HSP60 in the hepatopancreas) than did communally cultured diploids. Conversely, only the hepatopancreatic expression of HSP70-12A was higher in diploids than in triploids. However, the fold changes in gene expression in response to an acute thermal challenge (elevation from 19 to 30℃) were generally greater in diploids than in triploids, such that the difference in basal expression was diminished, weakened, or even reversed after heat shock treatment. However, unlike other HSP genes, the basal expression of HSP60 (higher in 3N) was more pronounced after heat shock treatment. Collectively, the results of this study suggest that triploid abalones have different capacities for not only basal expression but also the heat-induced expression of HSPs in an HSP member-dependent manner.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.329-336
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• 2015

We examined the effect of substituting squid meal and macroalgae with soybean meal in a commercial diet on the growth and body composition of juvenile abalone Haliotis discus hannai. We randomly distributed 2310 juvenile abalone into 33 rectangular plastic containers and fed them five experimental diets in triplicate as follows. The control diet (Con) consisted of 12% squid meal, 8% corn gluten and 20% soybean meal as protein source, wherein 10% ${\alpha}$-starch, 20% wheat flour, and 5% dextrin were carbohydrate source. The experimental diets, 50% squid meal (SM50), 50% squid meal and 50% macroalgae (SM50+MA50), and 100% squid meal and 50% macroalgae (SM100+MA50) were substituted with the same respective amounts of soybean meal. The fifth experimental diet consisted of the control diet plus 1% diatom powder (DP). We prepared two domestic (Domestic A and B) and two imported (China and Japan) abalone feeds. Finally, we prepared Undaria and sea tangle. We found that the weight gain of abalone fed the Con, DP, and China and Japan diets was significantly greater than that of abalone fed Undaria and sea tangle. We conclude that the substituting squid meal and macroalgae with soybean meal in abalone feed has limited benefits, but supplementing diets with 1% diatom powder is effective in improving weight gain.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.376-382
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• 2018

We investigated the effect of replacing tuna byproduct meal (TBM) and rice bran (RB) with fish meal (FM) and macroalgae (MA) in extruded pellets (EP) supplied as a diet to juvenile Abalone Haliotis duscus in aquaculture. In total, 80,000 juvenile abalone were distributed among eight indoor raceways and supplied with one of four experimental diets. The control diet consisted of FM, fermented soybean meal, corn gluten meal and shrimp meal as protein sources, with wheat flour and dextrin as carbohydrate sources; the control diet also contained MA. In the FM50 diet, TBM was replaced with 50% FM. In the MA 50 diet, RB was replaced with 50% MA. The final diet, FM50+MA50, included TMB and RB in place of 50% FM and 50% MA. Abalone were fed to satiation with little food leftover for 16 weeks. Weight gain and specific growth rate of abalone fed the control diet were greater than those of abalone fed the FM50 and MA50 diets, but not different from those of abalone fed FM50+MA50 diet. The proximate composition of abalone soft body did not vary according to experimental diets. Based on these results, it appears that the traditional commercial diet for juvenile abalone, comprising FM and MA, could be replaced with one containing 50% TBM and 50% RB without any retardation of growth.

• BMB Reports
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.213-222
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• 2004

A randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to identify the species- and population-specific markers of abalone; Haliotis asinina, H. ovina, and H. varia in Thai waters. Fifteen species-specific and six population-specific RAPD markers were identified. In addition, an 1650 bp band (UBC195) that was restricted to H. ovina from the Gulf of Thailand (east) was also found. All of the specific RAPD markers were cloned and sequenced. Twenty pairs of primers were designed and specificity-tested (N = 12 and 4 for target and non-target species, respectively). Seven primer pairs (CUHA1, 2, 4, 11, 12, 13, and 14) were specifically amplified by H. asinina DNA, whereas a single pair of primers showed specificity with H. ovina (CUHO3) and H. varia (CUHV1), respectively. Four primer pairs, including CUHA2, CUHA12, CUHO3, and CUHV1, were further examined against 216 individuals of abalone (N = 111, 73, and 32, respectively). Results indicated the species-specific nature of all of them, except CUHO3, with the sensitivity of detection of 100 pg and 20 pg of the target DNA template for CUHA2 and CUHA12 and CUHV1, respectively. The species-origin of the frozen, ethanol-preserved, dried, and boiled H. asinina specimens could also be successfully identified by CUHA2.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2015

본 연구는 염화니켈 노출에 따른 북방전복의 염화니켈 축적 농도, 생존율 및 탈락률, 조직학적 지표 변화에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 실험은 1개의 대조구와 5개의 니켈 노출구 (5.9, 8.8, 13.3, 20.0, 30.0 mg/L) 였다. 염화니켈에 노출된 북방전복의 체내 염화니켈 축적 농도는 모든 니켈 노출구에서 농도의 존적으로 증가하는 결과를 보였다. 생존률 및 탈락률은 대조구에 비해 니켈 노출구에서 농도의존적으로 나타났다. 북방전복의 발, 아가미, 간췌장의 조직학적 변화는 시간이 경과함에 따라 대조구보다 니켈 노출구에서 뚜렷하게 나타났다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.183-187
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• 2008

연안개발에 의하여 해양으로 유입되는 부유토사는 해양생태계에 많은 영향을 미칠 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 참전복, Haliotis discus hannai 치패를 이용하여 부유토사 농도 변화에 따른 폐사율 및 글리코겐 함량 변화에 대해 알아보았다. $0{\sim}2,000\;mg/L$의 부유토사 농도구에서 96시간 동안 노출을 행한 결과 전복의 폐사는 일어나지 않았으나 연체부의 글리코겐 함량에 있어서는 1,500 mg/L 이상의 농도구에서 유의하게 감소하였다. 본 연구결과로부터 부유토사가 전복의 폐사에는 직접적인 영향을 미치지는 않으나 부유토사에 의하여 건강상 장해를 일으킬 수 있을 것으로 판단되며 장기적으로 발생할 수 있는 부유토사의 영향을 고려하여 양식장으로의 토사유입을 방지 할 수 있는 대비책을 마련해야 할 것이다.

• 환경생물
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2007

특정 선량에서 감마선은 조직의 성장을 자극하거나 호르메틱 효과를 나타낸다. 참전복에 다른 양의 감마선을 조사한 후 성장과 생존율에 미치는 효과를 2004년 2월부터 2005년 1월까지 관찰하였다. 각장의 성장은 평균 $3.45{\sim}0.4cm$ 참전복에게 $0{\sim}20Gy$방사선을 조사한 후 48주 동안 관찰하였다 가장 높은 성장은 4 Gy 조사군에서 관찰되었고, 20 Gy 조사군에서 가장 낮은 성장이 관찰되었다. 방사선 조사에 따른 전복내의 생화학적 기전의 변화에 대한 연구가 추가적으로 시행되어야 할 것이다. 방사선을 이용한 전복의 성장과 물질대사의 지속적인 연구는 양식 산업에 이익 창출에 이바지 할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.640-646
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• 2018

To determine whether there are differences in the food component characteristics of the cultured recessive small-sized abalone Haliotis discus hannai (SA; 30-40 each/kg) and middle-sized abalone (MA; 10-15 each/kg), the proximate compositions, fatty acid and total amino acid compositions of these two species were evaluated. Additionally, extraction methods were performed on the SA to asses the quality characteristics of the resulting. In terms of proximate composition, MA had lower moisture and carbohydrate levels and higher crude protein contents than SA. The total amino acid contents of MA and SA were 15,734.4 and 11,379.1 mg/100 g, respectively, the major amino acids were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, serine, glycine, alanine, leucine, arginine and lysine, and the major fatty acids were 16:0, 18:0, 18:1n-9, 18:1n-7, 20:4n-6, 20:5n-3, and 22:5n-3. The pH levels and total nitrogen and amino nitrogen contents of the hot-water extract (WE) and scrap enzyme hydrolysate (SE) samples from the SA were 6.32 and 6.05, 1.36% and 1.52%, and 342.1 and 403.1 mg/100 g, respectively. The extraction yields and free amino acid contents from SA were 1,317 and 440 mL/kg, and 8,721.1 and 9,070.7 mg/100 g, respectively, and the concentrations of major components were as follows: arginine, glycine, glutamic acid, alanine and lysine. Additionally, the complex extract (WE+SE) was superior to the traditional extract (WE) in terms of extraction yield, amino-nitrogen content, and organoleptic qualities but not odor.