• Development and Reproduction
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 2012

Early growth, the rate of yolk sac absorption, and nucleus size in liver parenchymal cells were correlated with the nutritional status of first feeding larval haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus. Larvae that successfully began exogenous feeding maintained high growth rates, delayed yolk sac resorption, and had larger hepatocyte nuclear sizes than starved larvae. At 10 days post hatch (DPH) the cumulative mortality in the starved larval haddock group was 100%. The area of the hepatocyte nuclei in starved larvae gradually decreased, reaching its lowest value by 9 DPH. Our results support the current practice of providing the first food supply at 3 DPH. Hepatocyte nuclear size can be used to assess larval haddock nutrition status, and may be a good criterion for assessing the success of transition from endogenous to exogenous feeding.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2004

The larvae and juvenile development of haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus which is significant commercial fish living north Atlantic Ocean are described here. Larvae were reared in laboratory and sampled periodically for developmental study until 67 days after hatching. An increase in total length(TL) of fish indicated continuous growth, described by the growth expression Y=4.07 $e^{0.037}$( $R^{2}$=0.9978). The newly hatched pre-larvae was 4.9 mm in TL with ellipsoid yolk. In 16 days after hatching, larvae attained 6.8 mm in TL, and absorbed the yolk completely to become post-larval stage, but first heterotrophic food could be in 7 days after hatching already. Post-larval stage continued during 16~52 days after hatching with development of organs attachment. In 61 days after hatching with 41.3 mm in TL, the fries became a juvenile stage respectively having small teed lateral line, and a black blotch on the flank same as adults, but chin barbel was not developed yet. It was presumed that haddock changed food and ecological behavior after metamorphosis ken this time.e.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.271-275
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• 2006

The objective of this study was to examine the early growth of haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus larvae from a series of reared specimens for provide information to developmental biology and more information on the aspect of aquaculture in the larvae of this species. Larvae were reared in the laboratory and sampled periodically for developmental study until 67 days after hatching. An increase in total length of fish indicated continuous growth, described by the growth expression of the type $TL=3.5374e^{0.0536X}(r^2=0.8759$, where TL is total length and X is at days after hatching) and $BW=0.0002e^{0.1858X}(r^2=0.8671$, where BW is body weight and X is at days after hatching), respectively. Pattern of body depth and pectoral fin length are instantaneous growth which expression of the type $BD=0.3545e^{0.0778X},\;r^2=0.9563$(where BD is body depth and X is at days after hatching) for body depth growth and the type $PL=0.0111e^{0.1591X},\;r^2=0.9194$(where PL is pectoral fin length and X is at days after hatching) for pectoral fin length growth. The relationship of body depth and total length expressed as $BD=0.2397X-0.5735(r^2=0.9957$, where BD is body depth and X is total length), and pectoral fin length and total length is $PL=0.1929X-1.3767(r^2=0.9882$, where PL is pectoral fin length and X is total length) pectoral fin length against body depth simultaneously recorded for juvenile haddock(PL=0.8117BD-0.9718, $r^2=0.9814$, where PL is pectoral fin length and BD is body depth). Relationship of body depth and body weight was expressed the type of $BD=-9.4734X^2+19.046X+1.3672,\;r^2=0.941$(where BD is body depth and X is body weight), and pectoral fin length and body weight expressed the type of $PL=6.379X^2+14.023X+0.3774,\;r^2=0.9494$(where PL is pectoral fin length and X is body weight). From this point view, growth characteristics of juvenile haddock in this experiment may be useful to establish a successful culture technique for rearing larval haddock.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.137-143
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• 1999

The effects of dietary protein level on growth, feed utlization and liver size were studied with juvenile haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) of 6.88$\pm$0.54 g (mean$\pm$SD). Five isoenergetic diets containing 44.4 to 64.7% protein were fed to triplicate groups of 50 fish in a flow-through system for 6 weeks. All fish showed a relative increase of more than 300% in final weight. There were, however, no significant differences (P>0.05) in weight gain (16.1 to 17.3 g) and specific growth rate (2.9 to 3.0) among fish groups. A higher protein diets resulted in a lower feed intake. Feed: gain ratio linearly improved (P<0.05) when protein level increased from 44.4 to 59.7%. The lowest protein efficiency ratio was observed in fish fed the highest protein diet. Hepatosomatic index of fish significantly decreased from 10.7 to 7.3% with an increase in protein level. Results from this study suggest that haddock could grow well even when fed the diet with protein lower than 44.4%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.308-309
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.302-303
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• 2006

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.284-285
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• 2021

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.3175-3176
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• 2013

Patient records from the Guam Cancer Registry were compared with patients listed in a health department viral hepatitis case registry and the numbers of liver cancer and viral hepatitis cases were compared by ethnicity. Hepatitis C was the form of viral hepatitis most common among liver cancer cases on Guam (63.3% of viral hepatitis-associated liver cancer cases). Since viral hepatitis is an important cause of liver cancer, studies such as the present one may provide the information necessary to establish programs (screening of populations at risk and infant vaccination in the case of hepatitis B, for example) that may lessen the impact of liver cancer in the future.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.77-90
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• 2019

In this study, we investigated which message provider is effective in a virtual reality (VR) environment for individuals with different needs with regard to affect (need for affect [NFA]) and cognition (need for cognition [NFC]). According to Haddock et al (2008), individuals with high NFA were more influenced to change their behavior by the emotional aspects of a message, whereas individuals with high NFC were more influenced by the cognitive aspects of the same message. We hypothesized that individual differences in needs could affect not only receipt of the message but also the acceptability of the message provider. For example, someone with high NFA might accept messages more easily from an acquaintance than from experts. In the VR environment, the appearance of the message provider could be manipulated in a way that makes him or her more familiar to the person receiving the message. Accordingly, in order to promote the effectiveness of message providers in a VR environment according to the individual difference in needs, we measured the level of the preference and self-efficacy according to needs (NFA or NFC), type of message provider (expert, significant other, or other), and VR device (text or VR). Contrary to what we expected, the results showed that there was no matching effect between the needs and the message provider. However, we found that level of preference and self-efficacy were significantly high when a VR device was worn only by participants with high NFA. This result suggests that a VR environment is more suitable for providing health advice to people with high NFA. In addition, the novelty of this study is that we tried to find the tailored message provider on health advice in VR environment and it is in the early stage of the research.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2008

Using empirical data of fish performance and physiological limits as well as physical stimuli and environmental data, a cod-end selectivity model based on a chaotic behavior model using the psycho-hydraulic wheel and neural-network approach was established to predict fish escape or herding responses in trawl and cod-end designs. Fish responses in the cod-end were categorized as escape or herding reactions based on their relative positions and reactions to the net wall. Fish movements were regulated by three factors: escape time, a visual looming effect, and an index of body girth-mesh size. The model was applied to haddock in a North Sea bottom trawl including frequencies of movement components, swimming speed, angular velocity, distance to net wall, and the caught-fish ratio; simulation results were similar to field observations. The ratio of retained fish in the cod-end was limited to 37-95% by optomotor coefficient values of 0.3-1.0 and to 13-67% by looming coefficient values of 0.1-1.0. The selectivity curves generated by this model were sensitive to changes in mesh size, towing speed, mesh type, and mesh shape.