• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.14 no.10
• /
• pp.5843-5847
• /
• 2013

Background: Persistent infection with high risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is strongly associated with cervical cancer. Normal cervical cells may also harbor hrHPV, and detection of early hrHPV infection may minimize risk of cervical cancer development. This study aimed to compare two commercial HPV genotyping assays that may affordable for early screening in a limited-resource setting in Bandung, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: DNA from cervical biopsies with histologically confirmed as squamous cell cervical cacinoma were HPV genotyped by Linear Assay 1 (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany) or Linear Assay 2 (Digene HPV Genotyping RH Test, Qiagen Gaithersburg, MD). In a subset of samples of each group, HPV genotype results were then compared. Results: Of 28 samples genotyped by linear assay 1, 22 (78.6%) demonstrated multiple infections with HPV-16 and other hrHPV types 18, 45 and/or 52. In another set of 38 samples genotyped by linear assay 2, 28 (68.4%) were mostly single infections by hrHPV type 16 or 18. Interestingly, 4 samples that had been tested by both kits showed discordant results. Conclusions: In a limited-resource area such as in Indonesia, country with a high prevalence of HPV infection a reliable cervical screening test in general population for early hrHPV detection is needed. Geographical variation in HPV genotyping result might have impacts for HPV prevalence and molecular epidemiology as the distribution in HPV genotypes should give clear information to assess the impact of HPV prophylactic vaccines.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.15 no.16
• /
• pp.6887-6892
• /
• 2014

The oncogenic role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in triggering cervical cancer, the second most common cancer in women worldwide, is well established. Romania ranks in first place in Europe in terms of the incidence of cervical cancer. Geographical widespread data on HPV type-distribution are essential for estimating the impact of HPV vaccines and cervical cancer screening programmes. In this study we aimed to identify the prevalence of HPV genotypes and to establish correlations with abnormal cervical cytology among the female population of Brasov County, Romania. A total of 1,000 women aged 17.3-57 years, attending routine cervical examination in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Brasov, Romania, and undergoing both cytological examination and HPV genotyping were screened. Infection with 35 different HPV genotypes was detected in 39.6% of cytological specimens. Overall HPV infections were highest in young women under 25 years (p<0.0001), in which cervical cytological abnormalities also reached the highest prevalence. Patients infected by HPV-16 or HPV-18 showed the highest prevalence of cervical cytological abnormalities. Some 48.2% of women with abnormal cytology were infected with high-risk HPV types whereas less than 3% of them were infected only with low-risk HPV types. Our study showed that the prevalence of high-risk HPV infection among Romanian women is higher compared to other studies in other geographic areas. Thus, we consider that in areas where there is an increased prevalence of high-risk HPV infections, HPV genotyping should be performed in all women aged between 18 and 45 years, and Pap test should be performed every 6 months in women with high-risk HPV infection, even those with previous normal cervical cytology.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.15 no.8
• /
• pp.3773-3778
• /
• 2014

Background: The study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV infection in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in northern Thailand and the clinicopathological difference with regard to HPV infection status. Materials and Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples of vulvar SCC diagnosed between January 2006 and December 2012 were collected. HPV infection was detected by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers MY09/11 and GP5+/6+. HPV genotyping was performed using the Linear Array Genotyping Test, followed by type-specific PCR targeting the E6/E7 region of HPV16/18/52 if the Linear Array test was negative. The histologic slides of vulvar lesions and the medical records were reviewed. Results: There were 47 cases of vulvar SCC included in the study (mean patient age $57.9{\pm}13.2$ years). HPV infection was detected in 29 cases (62%), all of which had single HPV infections. HPV16 accounted for 23 (49%). The patients with HPV-positive SCC had a significantly younger mean age than those with HPV-negative tumors (52.7 years vs 66.2 years, p<0.001). There was no significant difference in tumor stage distribution with regard to the status of HPV infection. The presence of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) of usual type (basaloid or warty) was significantly more frequent in HPV-positive cases compared with HPV-negative cases (62% vs 6%, p<0.001), whereas differentiated-type VIN was more common in HPV-negative cases (24% vs 0%, p=0.019). Conclusions: HPV infection was detected in 62% of vulvar SCC in northern Thailand. HPV16 was the predominant genotype similar to the data reported from other regions. HPV-positive SCC occurred in younger patients compared with HPV-negative SCC, and was associated with usual-type VIN. Vaccination against HPV16/18 may potentially prevent almost one half of vulvar SCC in northern Thailand.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.24 no.9
• /
• pp.1025-1029
• /
• 2014

Cervical carcinoma is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women around the world, and it is associated with the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection. HPV genotyping is important for vaccine policy, etiology, natural history, and epidemiology studies. The use of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues for HPV genotyping by reverse blot hybridization assays (REBA) has not been clearly confirmed in retrospective studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness and efficiency of FFPE tissues from cervical cancers for HPV genotyping. HPV genotypes were detected in 52 FFPE tissues from cervical carcinoma specimens by REBA. HPV was detected in 32 (61.5%) of 52 specimens from FFPE, among which 27 (84.4%) harbored single infections and 5(15.6%) contained multiple infections. The HPV single infections (27) were analyzed by high-risk type 18(8), 58(6), 16(5), 33(1), 35(1), 39(1), 56(1) and low risk type 11(2), 6(1), 70(1). The HPV multiple infections (5) included 16/18(2), 18/52(1), 16/56(1), 16/18/33(1). Please consider being more specific here. Do you mean the analysis? Please clarify what you mean by "included."Through this study, it has been determined that the FFPE specimen is feasible and can be used in HPV genotyping, as well as in retrospective studies.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.24 no.8
• /
• pp.1143-1147
• /
• 2014

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is considered to play a critical role in the development of cervical carcinoma, which is the third most common cancer among Korean females. Here, we performed a baseline study of HPV infection and genotyping using an HPV DNA chip, which is a type of oligonucleotide microarray. A total of 6,855 cervical swab specimens from 5,494 women attending Dankook University Hospital Health Improvement Center in Cheonan, Korea between 2006 and 2012, originally collected for HPV infection screening, were genotyped for HPV. The extracted DNA from the cervical specimens was investigated by an HPV DNA chip designed to detect 41 different HPV types. HPV was identified as positive in 1,143 (16.7%) of the 6,855 samples. The most frequently detected HPV genotypes were HPV types 16, 53, 56, 58, 39, 52, 70, 84, 68, 62, 35, 54, 81, 18, and 30, in descending order of incidence. The proportions of single and multiple HPV infections in the HPV-positive specimens were 78.1% and 21.9%, respectively. The average age of HPV-positive patients was 39.9 years, with the positive rate of HPV being the highest in the 10-29 age group (20.6%). We report here on the prevalence and distribution of 41 different genotypes of HPV according to age among women in Cheonan, Korea. These data may be of use as baseline data for the assessment of public health-related issues and for the development of area-specific HPV vaccines.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.171-179
• /
• 2018

Human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a critical role in the development of cervical carcinoma. This study analyzed the efficiency of multiplex real-time PCR in detecting and identifying HPV genotypes in samples from women who visited a Korean hospital for checkups. Cervical swab specimens were obtained from women who attended a checkup at the Health Improvement Center of Hospital in Dankook University Cheonan, South Korea and were referred for an HPV genotyping test between January and September 2014. A total of 1703 cervical swab specimens were collected consecutively during this period. PCR results were compared with those of the traditional cytological assay for the same population. Among the 1,703 specimens, 19.91% were HPV positive, of which 14.50% indicated a single infection and 5.40% indicated multiple infections. However, cytology identified only 2.52% of positive cases, including 1.23% cases of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, 1% of low grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion, and 0.29% of high grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion. The rate of high-risk and low-risk HPV in the abnormal cytology group was 48 and 23, respectively, and 274 and 136 in the normal group, respectively. HPV types 56, 52, 43 were the most prevalent in that order. Our results confirm the efficiency of the HPV DNA assay for the detection of 28 different HPV genotypes with reasonable sensitivity. A screening strategy that comprises the HPV DNA assay and cytology would help overcome the low sensitivity of a cytological diagnosis.

• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.123-130
• /
• 2012

In this study, we evaluated the human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping test called MolecuTech REBA HPV-$ID^{(R)}$ (YD Diagnostics, Seoul, Korea) for 704 women who also had cervical cytological evaluations by Thin Prep. The infection rate of high-risk HPV genotypes was 56.6% in patients with normal cytology, 59.8% in those with benign, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, 51.4% in those with atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance, 92.3% in those with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, and 94.1% in those with squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma. HPV 16 was the most common genotype detected in any lesion, followed by HPV 53, 58, 33, 52, 45, 31, and 35, in order. The HPV DNA test with PCR-REBA is a very highly sensitive, but less specific, method. The infection rates and HPV genotype distribution of non-Korean people versus people from South Korea showed regional differences.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.15 no.15
• /
• pp.6151-6154
• /
• 2014

A growing body of literature is evidence that identifying subtypes of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) has impacted on various steps of cervical cancer prevention.Thus, it is mandatory to determine the background prevalence and distribution of HPV subtypes for designing and implementing area-specific management. The present study was conducted to evaluate prevalence and distribution of HPV subtypes among women aged 30-70 years living in Lampang, an area with a high incidence of cervical cancer, through use of a mobile screening unit. Of 2,000 women recruited in this study, 108 (5.40%, 95%CI: 4.45-6.48) were found to have HR-HPV infection. Risk was significantly correlated with age and number of partners. Singly or in combination, the most common genotype was HPV 52 (17.6%), followed by HPV 16 (14.81%), HPV 58 (13.89%), HPV 33 (11.11%), HPV 51 (11.11%), and HPV 56 (9.26%). HPV 18 was found in only 5.6% of cases. Together, HPV 16/18 were noted in approximately 20.4% of cases. Eighteen(16.67%) women were positive with multiple subtypes of HR-HPV. Co-infection most frequently involved HPV 16 or HPV 58. These findings have obvious implications for vaccine policy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.37-40
• /
• 2012

The burden of cervical cancer is increasing in Vietnam in the recent years, infection with high risk HPV being the cause. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of HPV and the distribution of HPV specific types among the general population in 5 big cities in Vietnam. Totals of 1500 women in round 1 and 3000 in round 2 were interviewed and underwent gynecological examination. HPV infection status, and HPV genotyping test were perfoirmed for all participants. Results indicated that the prevalence of HPV infection in 5 cities ranged from 6.1% to 10.2% with Can Tho having highest prevalence. The most common HPV types in all 5 cities were HPV 16, 18 and 58. Most of the positive cases were infected with high risk HPV, especially in Hanoi and Can Tho where more than 90% positive cases were high risk HPV. Furthermore, in Can Tho more than 60% of women were infected with multiple HPV types. The information from this study can be used to provide updated data for planning preventive activities for cervical cancer in the studied cities.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.14 no.9
• /
• pp.4989-4992
• /
• 2013

Aim: To compare p16INK4a immunocytochemistry with the HPV polymerase chain reaction in predicting high grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions. Materials and Methods: This diagnostic case-control study was conducted from January 2010 until December 2010. We obtained 30 samples, classified according to the degree of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN): 11 samples for CIN 1, 9 samples for CIN 2, and 10 samples for CIN 3. HPV PCR, p16INK4a immunocytochemistry, and histopathological examination were performed on all samples. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 20.0. Results: In predicting CIN 2-3, we found p16INK4a to have similar specificity and positive predictive value as HPV PCR (95%, 97.2% vs 96.7%), but better sensitivity (87.5% vs 72.5%) and negative predictive value (82.1% vs 67.6%). The most prevalent types of high-risk HPV in our study were HPV 33, 35, 58, 52, and 16. Conclusions: p16INK4a has better diagnostic values than HPV PCR and may be incorporated in the triage of ASCUS and LSIL to replace HPV PCR. Genotype distribution of HPV differs in each region, providing a challenge to develop HPV vaccines based on the epidemiology of HPV in that particular region.