• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.746-760
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Hasuogamibang (HGB) on hyperlipidemia and antioxidant activity. Methods : For this study, we divided four groups of rats (normal WKY group, normal SHR group, high cholesterol diet and saline-treated SHR group, high cholesterol diet and HGB-treated SHR group), and observed the change of body weight, weight of liver, cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, albumin, histologic change of liver and aorta, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity of liver tissue, and cholesterol gene revelation control efficiency. Results : Total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides were decreased significantly by HGB. However, HDL-cholesterol increased significantly. The tissue of liver and aorta were controlled defect by HGB on histologic study. Lipid peroxidation and SOD of liver tissue was decreased significantly by HGB. Gene revelation of ACAT and HMG CoA reductase in hepatic tissue was decreased significantly by HGB. Conclusion : This study suggests that HOB is significantly effective on hyperlipidemia and antioxidant activity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.97.1-97
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• 2003

깻잎중의 각종 성인병 관련 생리기능성을 탐색하여 고부가가치의 기능성 제품을 개발하고자 먼저 1월, 5월 시설재배 깻잎과 8월 노지재배 깻잎의 extracts 수율을 조사하였다. 8월 노지에서 재배한 깻잎의 알콜 extracts 수율이 29%로 제일 높았고 1월과 5월 시설재배 깻잎보다는 8월 노지재배 깻잎의 extracts수율이 더 높았다. 물과 30% 알콜 깻잎 추출액에 대한 생리기능성으로 혈전용해활성은 5월 시설재배 깻잎의 알콜 추출물이 8.2 U로 제일 높았고 안지오텐신 전환효소(ACE) 저해활성은 1월 시설재배 깻잎의 물 추출물에서 64.5%의 높은 활성을 보여 고혈압 예방(치료) 제품개발에 매우 유용할 것으로 생각된다. 항산화활성은 물 추출물보다는 대체로 30% 알콜 추출물에서 높았고, 특히 8월 노지재배 깻잎의 알콜 추출물에서 69%을 보였다. 고지혈증 예방(치료)에 관련된 HMG-Co A reductase 저해활성은 8월 노지재배의 물 추출물에서 83%의 높은 활성을 보였고 elastase 저해활성은 8월 노지재배 깻잎의 30% 알콜 추출물에서 47.5%의 활성을 보였다. 아질산염 제거활성과 SOD유사활성 및 tyrosinase 저해활성 등은 없거나 매우 미약하였다.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2019

This Dietary cholesterol augments lipid profile and primes production and activation of platelets, leading to development of atherosclerosis which produce several detrimental effects on cardiovascular health. Ethnomedicine and Mediterranean diet are natural sources and cost effective modes against several ailments including cardiovascular diseases while fermented foods have gained interest due to their increased nutrient profile, enhanced bioavailability and efficacy. Garlic has been known to reduce cholesterol and inhibit platelet activation. We examined whether fermented garlic ameliorates effects of hypercholesterolemia and platelet functions in rats. Methodology: Male SD rats were fed with hypercholesterolemia diet and treated with spirulina, fermented and non-fermented preparations of garlic for one month. Platelet aggregation and granule secretion were assessed to evaluate platelet activation. Liver and kidney weights, lipid and enzymatic profile of serum and whole blood analysis was performed. Expressions of SREBP, ACAT-2 and HMG-CoA were assessed using RT-PCR while liver and adipose tissues were analyzed for histological changes. Both fermented and non-fermented garlic inhibited platelet aggregation and granule secretion while fermented garlic showed greater inhibitor tendency. Fermented garlic significantly reduced liver weight and triglycerides concentrations than non-fermented garlic. Similarly, fermented garlic greatly abrogated the detrimental effects of steatosis on liver and adipose tissues. Fermented garlic significantly improved lipid profile and modulated platelet functions, thereby inhibiting atherosclerosis and platelet related cardiovascular disorders.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.106-112
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• 2002

Ethanol extract of Cinnamomi cortex inhibited potently cholesterol esterase activity in vitro. Chloroform fraction of ethanol extract showed the stronger inhibitory effect than other solvent fractions - ethylacetate fraction, butanol fraction, and aqueous fraction. The chloroform fraction of Cinnamomi cortex was studied as a candidator of plasma cholesterol-lowering material using high cholesterol-fed rats. In high cholesterol-fed rats, the diet with chloroform fraction of 150 mg/kg lowered not only plasma neutral lipids contents 25.1% but also plasma total cholesterol level 49.6% than only high cholesterol diet. Plasma HDL-cholesterol level in Cinnamomi cortex chloroform fraction-fed rats was recovered as those level of normal rats. LD$_{50}$ of Cinnamomi chloroform extract was calculated as 1,300 mg/kg.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.246-251
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• 2016

This study was performed to determine the effects of drying methods (HD, hot air drying; FD, freeze-drying) on the antioxidant and physiological abilities of Haw (Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge). Powder color values of dried Haw, L and b, were higher for HD, while the chroma values were higher for FD. The total polyphenol, and flavonoid contents of HD Haw and FD Haw were found to be $9.29{\pm}0.50mg\;GAE/mL$ and $15.48{\pm}0.38mg\;GAE/mL$, and $9.41{\pm}0.26mg\;RHE/mL$ and $26.46{\pm}0.34mg\;RHE/mL$, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging abilities at 100 mg/mL concentration were higher for FD (64.90%) than HD (28.66%), as were the reducing power, ABTS radical scavenging ability, and nitrite scavenging ability. However, the HMG-COA reductase of HD (74.67%) was higher than that of FD (72.10%). The ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory abilities of HD and FD at a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL were 24.69% and 97.38%, respectively. These results indicate that Haw is a potential functional material and that freeze-drying Haw is better than hot air drying.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.46 no.9
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• pp.563-573
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Simvastain, which is HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, on proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast. Materials & Methods : Twenty-four cell culture plates containing essential medium were seeded with UMR-106 cell lines, at density of 5 x $10^4$ cells per plate. Each plates were incubated with 5% $CO^2$incubator $37^{\circ}C$. Starting from 2 days after incubation, cell culture medias were replaced with Osteogenesis induction media every 2 days, for 12 days. In some plates, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, $100\muM$ of Simvastatin were added with Osteogenesis induction media, and classified as "test group". Those not added with Simvastatin were classified as "control group". Results : 1. When Alrizarin Red staining was observed with naked eye, control group showed normal deep red color, but test group show rapid decrease of red color as Simvastatin concentration increased more than $0.1\muM$. 2, When observed with microscope, compared to control group, amount of osteo matrix stained with Alrizarin Red decreased rapidly in Simvastatin concentration more than $0.1\muM$. 3. In optical density analysis, regarding control group as a basis, mineral deposition decreased rapidly when Simvastatin concentration increased more than $0.1\muM$. 4. In flow cytometry analysis, survival rate of UMR-106 cell showed no changes in both control group and test group. Conclusion : From the above results, we were able to identify that Simvastatin inhibited osteogenesis without effecting survival or cell number of osteoblasts.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.52-73
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• 2011

Since we have started organic acid analysis on Jul. 1997, we have been collecting data about organic acidemias in Korea. The data presented here is our 3 years experience in organic acid analysis. We have collected 712 samples from major university hospitals all over the Korea, large enough for relatively accurate incidence of organic acid disorders. We are using solvent extraction method with ethylacetate, MSTFA for derivatization and quantitation of 83 organic acids simultaneously. Out of 712 patients sample, 498 patients sample (70%) showed no evidence of organic acid abnormalities. Out of 214 remaining samples we have found very diverse disorders such as methylmalonic aciduria(6), propionic aciduria (10), biotinidase deficiency (6), maple syrup urine disease (3), isovaleric aciduria (4), tyrosinemia type II (4), tyrosinemia type IV (1), glutaric aciduria type I (1), glutaric aciduria type II (22), 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type I (3), 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type III (7), HMG-CoA lyase deficiency (1), hyperglyceroluria (2), cytosolic 3-ketothiolase deficiency (55), mitochondrial 3-ketothiolase deficiency (3), 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria (2), L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (2), fumaric aciduria (2), lactic aciduria with combined elevation of pyruvate (most likely PDHC deficiency) (28), lactic aciduria without combined elevation of pyruvate (most likely mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders) (35), SCAD deficiency (3), MCAD deficiency (1), 3-methylcrotonylglycineuria (1), orotic aciduria (most likely urea cycle disorders) (7) and 2-methylbranched chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (1). In conclusion, though the incidence of indivisual organic acidemia is low, the incidence of overall organic acidemia is relatively high in Korea. Most of the patients showed some signs of neurological dysfunction. In other words, organic acid analysis should be included in the diagnostic work up of all neurological dysfunctions.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression patterns of key genes involved in lipid metabolism in response to dietary Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in hens. A total of 36 forty week-old Lohmann Brown were randomly allocated into 3 groups consisting of 4 replicates of 3 birds. Laying hens were subjected to one of following treatments: Control (BD, basal diet), T1 (BD+ CoQ10 100 mg/kg diet) and T2 (BD+ micellar of CoQ10 100 mg/kg diet). Birds were fed ad libitum a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with CoQ10 for 5 weeks. Total RNA was extracted from the liver for quantitative RT-PCR. The mRNA levels of HMG-CoA reductase(HMGCR) and sterol regulatory element-binding proteins(SREBP)2 were decreased more than 30~50% in the liver of birds fed a basal diet supplemented with CoQ10 (p<0.05). These findings suggest that dietary CoQ10 can reduce cholesterol levels by the suppression of the hepatic HMGCR and SREBP2 genes. The gene expressions of liver X receptor (LXR) and SREBP1 were down regulated due to the addition of CoQ10 to the feed (p<0.05). The homeostasis of cholesterol can be regulated by LXR and SREBP1 in cholesterol-low-conditions. The supplement of CoQ10 caused a decreased expression of lipid metabolism-related genes including $PPAR{\gamma}$, XBP1, FASN, and GLUTs in the liver of birds (p<0.05). These data suggest that CoQ10 might be used as a dietary supplement to reduce cholesterol levels and to regulate lipid homeostasis in laying hens.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.170-187
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• 2011

Background : Obesity, the syndrome caused by a high fat diet, is a disease. At the same time, obesity causes diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular disease. Recently, its prevalence rate is increasing. Yagwan-cheunghyeoltang (YCT) used in this experiment is the prescription of Yagwanmoon added to Cheunghyeol-tang which is reported to be very effective in weight loss controlling and serum cholesterol. It is also reported that Yagwanmoon has significant antioxidant effects and YCT has a significant effect on blood glucose control. Objectives : This study was conducted to experimentally evaluate the effects of YCT on obesity in rats induced by high fat diet. Methods : The experiment was conducted with 4-week-old male rat s divided into 5 groups. They were a normal diet group, a high fat diet group, a positive drug control group, a 1% YCT group, and a YCT 3% group, and were tested for eight weeks. After four weeks of inducing obesity by a high fat diet, rats were allowed to lose weight by following the normal diet group, approximately 30% compared with 10 rats in each group were determined as still obese. Changes in body weight and organ weight and serum cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose-density, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, antioxidant activity were checked. Results : In the experimental groups, we observed weight loss and visceral fat reduction, improvement of liver function, reduction of serum glucose, activation of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, reduction of concentrations of leptin and it showed a significant effect on antioxidants and lipid peroxidation. Conclusions : YCT has significant effects on the regulation of hyperlipidemia and lipid peroxidation associated with obesity and has significant effects on, antioxidants and lipid peroxidation, too. Additional clinical studies are needed.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.278-284
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• 2021

Background: Osteoporosis is a disease that affects the quality of life and imposes a high socioeconomic burden. Studies have reported that statins, a HMG CoA reductase inhibitor, have a positive or negative effect on osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between statins and osteoporosis risk. Methods: We used the total patient sample data of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA-NPS-2018). We analyzed the prevalence of osteoporosis in adult patients of Korea who were diagnosed with dyslipidemia and were prescribed statins at the same time. The odds ratio (OR) according to the intensity and type of statin was used to confirming the prevalence. Results: Among the 1,138,899 patients included in the study, 143,895 patients used statins and 27,524 patients (19.13%) were diagnosed with osteoporosis in the statin group. The OR value of statin group was 0.96 (95% CI 0.94-0.98), confirming that the prevalence of osteoporosis decreased, and a significant decrease was seen in all statin intensity. Some of the moderate-intensity statins rather increased the prevalence of osteoporosis, but atorvastatin and rosuvastatin obtained positive results at both medium- and high-intensity doses, and lovastatin, a low-intensity statin, showed the greatest reduction in the prevalence of osteoporosis. Conclusion: We found that the prevalence of osteoporosis was reduced in the statin group, and there was a constant correlation regardless of gender or age. However, a large, prospective, double-blind and randomized study is needed for a long period of time to demonstrate the effectiveness of statins.