• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.242-251
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of an Oriental self-help group program on living-alone elders in rural areas. Method: A one-group pretest-post test design was used. The subjects of the experimental group participated in the oriental self-help program, health education, feet bathing in hot water, cupping therapy, and foot-reflexology. The obtained data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test and Pearson correlation coefficients of SPSS. Results: 1) The level of blood triglyceride, SGOT and glucose decreased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. 2) The scores of depression and stress decreased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. 3) The score of Yangsaeng increased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. 4) Depression was higher when the score of stress was high, and the score of depression and stress were lower when the score of Yangsaeng was high. Conclusion: Considering the results of this research, the program is effective in improving physiological indexespartially,emotionalindexesand Yangsaeng. Therefore this program can be implemented as a community-based self-help group program for living-alone elders in rural areas.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.31-55
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• 2004

The elder abuse draws an increasing concern as the elderly population grows rapidly, and increasing demands to provide long-term care to the impaired elderly are imposed on the families. This study compares Korean American elders' and their adult children's perceptions of possible elder abuse under care-giving situation, and related help-seeking behaviors using five scenarios developed by the author. The subjects consist of ten elders and their ten adult children including daughters-in-law who live in Los Angeles, the USA. Content analysis reveals very similar help-seeking behaviors of the two generations within the family despite the substanally generational difference towards the perceptions of elder abuse under care-giving situation. Mann-Whitney test shows a significant difference in the perceptions of elder abuse between the elderly and their adult children. It means that the elderly are substantially less likely to perceive a given situation as abusive than their adult children would. But there is no significant difference between the elderly and their adult children in their intended use of formal sources of help. Implications for gerontological social work practice and program development are discussed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.31-42
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• 1977

This study investigated the anxiety of families of psychiatric patients at discharge. The purpose was to contribute to the improvement of psychiatric nursing care, rehabilitation and social adjustment of psychiatric patients and community mental health. The objectives of this study were to identify the acceptance of the psychiatric nurse by the families, their anxiety at the time of discharge, whether any help was wanted to reduce anxiety, the attitude toward the patient after discharge and feelings about the patients. The population studied consisted of 180 family members of patients from 10 mental hospitals (including local clinic) in Seoul and Kyung- Ki province, from March I to April 30, 1977. The date were collected by an interview schedule, and compared and analysed by Computer usings х$^2$- test. Results were as follows : 1. Many of the families(83.6%) expressed a acceptance of psychiatric nurse. 2. A little more than half of the families(51.1%) expressed happiness but a largo portion (38.9%) had "anxious" feelings at discharge. 3. Almost all families(92.6%) wanted a physician′s help to reduce discharge anxiety. Younger families tended to want the physician′s help more. 4. Many of the families(83.1%) wanted a nurse′s help. Families of parents patients admitted for the 1 st time wanted the nurse′s help more. 5. Comparing the feelings at a previous discharge with the present discharge, 49.1% of the family expressed greater happiness at tile latter than the former. 6. More than half the families responded positively toward the patient. Unmarried family members responded more positively than married Families of 1 st admission patients responded more positively than families of readmission patients. 7. Many families(78.8%)had positively feelings toward the patients. More negative responses came from women than from men, from lower education levels, lower incomes and readmission patients.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.367-376
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• 1999

When 37 7th-graders learned science in cooperative learning environments, their small-group processes were audio/video taped. The verbal behaviors that appeared in cooperative learning processes were categorized, and the relationships between verbal behaviors and academic achievement were investigated. Students' verbal behaviors were classified into learning behaviors and management behaviors. Learning behaviors were further coded into giving help. reading problem, and asking help. Giving help was the most frequent behavior among the categories. In studying zero-order correlation between verbal behaviors and academic achievement, giving help and reading problem were found to have positive relationships with academic achievement. Giving specific content, which is a subcategory of giving help. showed the closest correlation with academic achievement. In studying partial correlation between verbal behaviors and the improvement of academic achievement, only application subtest score. which demands higher-order thinking, was positively related with some verbal behaviors including giving specific content.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the effects of self-help program offered to patients with arthritis. Method: A quasi-experimental study design with nonequivalent groups was employed for the study. The subjects in the experimental group were 19 residents of K City who visited K Health Center with chief complaints of osteoarthritis and who agreed to participate in the self-help program from January through April 2003. The subjects in the control group were 18 patients with arthritis, selected among patients on the waiting list of self-help program using random sampling method. Data related to pain, ADL, exercise self-efficacy, and knowledge about arthritis were obtained from both groups. SPSS Win 11.5 was used for the data analysis. Results: The results of this study were as follows. 1. The pain score and exercise self-efficacy of the study group were significantly higher than the control group. 2. The ADL score and knowledge about arthritis were not significantly higher than the control group. Conclusion: Based on the study results, self-help program was proved to be effective in alleviating pain, and promoting exercise self-efficacy related to arthritis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1019-1022
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• 2016

Background: Diagnostic difficulties in hematological malignancies may lead to unacceptably prolonged help-seeking to diagnostic interval as well as increased complications and poor outcomes. Proactive consultation by a clinical pathologist (PCCP) may help clinical diagnosis and therapeutic strategy. Hence, the aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of PCCP on the help-seeking to diagnostic interval in hematological cancer cases. Materials and Methods: From January to November, 2015, abnormal results of hematological laboratory testing with added laboratory comment were selectively screened out, and patients with such abnormalities in hematological laboratory testing and accompanied laboratory comment with PCCP were enrolled. Results: A total of 125 aberrant results of hematological laboratory testing were given with accompanied laboratory comments with PCCP and 40.8% (n=51) of these patient-oriented comments had an effect on clinical diagnosis and therapeutic strategy. Twelve of the subjects belonged to newly diagnosed hematological malignancies with the assistance of PCCP, and the help-seeking to diagnostic interval was also shortened from 42 days to 26 days in chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL), from 83 days to 11 days in multiple myeloma (MM), and from 128 days to 15 days in myelodysplastic syndrome/myeloproliferative neoplasm (MDS/MPN). During the monitoring interval, neither complication events nor deaths were reported in the study group. Conclusions: It was seemingly that PCCP prevented diagnostic delay in hematological malignancies via shortening the help-seeking to diagnostic interval, particularly in CLL, MM and MDS/MPN cases. PCCP can be considered to play an essential role in prompt establishment of diagnosis in hematological malignancies for those who newly present.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.671-681
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of help-seeking and concealment in the relationship between perfectionism, depression, and anxiety. The participants were 252 university students, and analyses were conducted using PASW 18.0 and Amos 8.0. Help-seeking was confirmed to be a mediating variable between self-oriented perfectionism, depression, and anxiety. That is, self-oriented perfectionism had an effect on depression and anxiety through help-seeking. Also, concealment was a partially mediating variable between socially prescribed perfectionism, depression, and anxiety. The need to develop counseling and education approaches as a special intervention is discussed. The approaches are meant to reduce socially prescribed perfectionism and concealment. Limitations and implications for further study are suggested.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.270-281
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was done to determine if osteoarthritis (OA) patients living in rural Korea would have a benefit from a structured group program focused on self-help strategies. Methods: A hundred and twenty-six patients with OA were recruited from nine Primary Health Care Posts. The experimental group received a 6-week self-help education program while the control group received usual care. T-tests and c2-tests were used to determine the homogeneity between the experimental and control groups. Independent sample t-tests were performed to determine the effect of the treatment program. To guard against such likelihood, the level of significance of t-test was determined by Bonferroni correction within the study constructs. When significant group differences were found in study variables at baseline, analysis of covariances (ANCOVAs) were used for group comparisons of outcome variables. Results: The experimental group reported more significant improvement in fatigue, difficulty with physical activity, depression, quality of life, self-efficacy, and health behaviors than did the control group. The experimental group also showed improvements in range of motion and muscle strength as compared to the control group. Conclusion: A self-help group education program was an effective and powerful strategy to promote physical and psychosocial health in OA patients

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.13-25
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify the effects of Tai Chi self-help program on glucose control, cardiovascular risks, and quality of life in patients with type II diabetes. Method: The study subjects were 95 adults with type II diabetes recruited from five primary health centers and one outpatient clinic. The Tai chi self-help program was provided twice a week for 6 months. Outcome measures included blood glucose(HbA1c), cardiovascular risk checklist, and quality of life(SF36). Result: At the completion of 6-month program, HbA1c for Tai Chi group dropped from 6.79 to 6.59 without significant group differences. However, cardiovascular risk scores for Tai Chi group has been significantly reduced compared to the control group. In 6 months, quality of life (SF36) was significantly better for Tai Chi group especially in the areas of physical and social functioning. Conclusion: Tai Chi self-help program applied for type 2 diabetes patients has been partially effective to control cardiovascular risk factors, and some dimensions of quality of life. Tai Chi self-help program can be safely and easily applicable to primary care centers for diabetic patients and other people with chronic disease for their symptom management, and health promotion.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.45-52
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of husbands' help on postpartum depression and self-efficacy of mothers, to investigate what to fix of research design and to examine the feasibility of following experimental study. There was no significant difference in the general characteristics of two groups, which consisted 10 pairs of postpartum mothers and husbands, respectively, confirming the homogeneity of between groups. The prevalence of postpartum depression was 45% in the subjects who were measured at 1 week postpartum, and the average performance of the husbands' help in the experimental group was 3.2 out of 4 points. In the Mann-Whitney U Test, the husbands' help lowered the mean rank of postpartum depression in the experimental group(p<.001), and the mean rank of self-efficacy was higher than the control group, but there was no significant difference. In the process of this study, it was confirmed that, on the side of postpartum mothers of control group had burdens of responding to the questionnaire without the benefit of treatment so it is necessary to revise the design of following experimental study.