• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.15-22
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• 2002

Image segmentation methods partition an image into meaningful regions. For image composition and analysis, it is desirable for the partitioned regions to represent meaningful objects in terms of human perception and manipulation. Despite the recent progress in image understanding, however, most of the segmentation methods mainly employ low-level image features and it is still highly challenging to automatically segment an image based on high-level meaning suitable for human interpretation. The concept of HCI (Human Computer Interaction) can be applied to operator-assisted image segmentation in a manner that a human operator provides guidance to automatic image processing by interactively supplying critical information about object boundaries. Intelligent Scissors and Snakes have demonstrated the effectiveness of human-assisted segmentation [2] [1]. This paper presents a method for interactive image segmentation for more efficient and effective detection and tracking of object boundaries. The presented method is partly based on the concept of Intelligent Scissors, but employs the well-established Canny edge detector for stable edge detection. It also uses "sewing method" for including weak edges in object boundaries, and 5-direction search to promote more efficient and stable linking of neighboring edges than the previous methods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.10b
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• pp.49-53
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 복잡한 배경을 가진 영상에서 손 영역을 안정적으로 검출, 손 형상을 인식하여 그림 맞추기 응용 프로그램을 제어하는 시스템에 대해 기술한다. 피부색의 컬러 정보를 이용하여 손 영역만을 추출한 후 핑거 팁 템플릿매칭을 사용하여 손가락 끝점을 찾아낸다. 또한 손 영역의 에지 방향성 히스토그램을 구하여 얻어진 정보를 바탕으로 주성분 분석법을 사용하여 손 형상을 인식한다. 최종적으로 인식된 손 형상 정보와 손가락 끝점 추적을 이용한 명령어 실행으로 그림 맞추기 응용 프로그램을 제어 한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 알고리즘으로 그림 맞추기 응용 프로그램 제어에 적용한 결과 안정적인 실험 결과를 얻을 수 있었고, HCI 분야에서 다양하게 활용될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.367-375
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• 2013

Kalopanax pictus has pharmacologically anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect and is known to respond to treatment of backache, knee pain and etc. In this study, we investigated the effects on gastric lesions of Kalopanax pictus both from Korea (KPK) and China (KPC) compared with their related origin, Znthoxylum ailanthoide both from Korea (ZAK) and China (ZAC), and Korean Bombax malabaricum (BMK). In preliminary screening, KPK and KPC shown effective inhibition of HCI EtOH-induced gastritis in rats. To elucidate their protective effects on gastric lesions, we assessed inhibition of H. pylori colonization, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical scavenging activities, reducing power test, and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. KPK was the most effective from antioxidant assays. KPK also shown the inhibition of indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Gastric secretion in rats, KPK reduced the secretion of gastric juice and total acidity and raised pH. Therefore, it is possible that KPK can be developed as health functional food and natural medicine. In addition, it can contribute to the standardization with objectivity and reliability for KPK through the criteria establishment of the precise origin of medicine, the prevention of indiscriminate distribution of imitation, and the rising rate of dependence on imports of medicinal herbs, and mixing prevention of low-quality goods.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.12C
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• pp.1200-1208
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• 2003

Affective computing plays an important role in intelligent Human Computer Interactions(HCI). To detect emotional events, it is desirable to construct a computing model for extracting emotion related features from video. In this paper, we propose a statistical model based on the probabilistic distribution of low level features in video shots. The proposed method extracts low level features from video shots and then from a GMM(Gaussian Mixture Model) for them to detect emotional shots. As low level features, we use color, camera motion and sequence of shot lengths. The features can be modeled as a GMM by using EM(Expectation Maximization) algorithm and the relations between time and emotions are estimated by MLE(Maximum Likelihood Estimation). Finally, the two statistical models are combined together using Bayesian framework to detect emotional events in video.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2022.01a
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• pp.377-380
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• 2022

본 논문에서는 모바일 기반 AR 환경에서 RGB카메라로부터 얻은 영상 분석과 DB 기반의 특징점(Feature point) 매칭을 통하여 보다 정확하게 위험 상황을 알려줄 수 있는 프레임워크를 제안한다. 본 논문에서는 RANSAC(Random sample consensus)기반의 다중 평면 방식을 이용한 특징점을 추출하고 분석하여 영상에 존재하는 장애물을 감지한다. RGB카메라로 얻은 영상을 기반으로 장애물을 검출하는 접근법은 영상에 의존하기 때문에 조명에 따른 특징점 검출이 부정확하고, 조명이나 자연광 또는 날씨에 영향을 많이 받기 때문에 어둡거나 흐린 날씨에서는 장애물 검출이 어려워진다. 이 문제를 완화하기 위해 본 논문에서는 DB기반의 특징점 매칭을 통해 조명에 관계없이 장애물을 효율적이고 정확하게 감지한다. 특징점 매칭을 이용하려면 우선 영상에서 특징점이 안정적으로 추출될 수 있는 환경인, 조명이나 자연광이 충분한 환경에서 감지된 장애물 정보를 데이터베이스화 하여 저장한다. 조명이 충분하지 않은 환경에서 사용자가 사전에 저장된 지역에 근접할 경우 특징점 분석이 아닌 DB 기반 특징점 매칭을 통해 위험 요소를 감지한다. 우리의 방법은 조명의 여부의 관계없이 효과적으로 위험을 감지할 수 있기 때문에 다양한 분야에 활용될 수 있다.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.821-827
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• 2018

Affective computing has gained increasing interest in the recent years with the development of potential applications in Human computer interaction (HCI) and healthcare. Although momentous research has been done on human emotion recognition, however, in comparison to speech and facial expression less attention has been paid to physiological signals. In this paper, Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals from different brain regions were investigated using modified wavelet energy features. For minimization of redundancy and maximization of relevancy among features, mRMR algorithm was deployed significantly. EEG recordings of a publically available "DEAP" database have been used to classify four classes of emotions with Multi class Support Vector Machine. The proposed approach shows significant performance compared to existing algorithms.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.276-280
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• 1989

The effect of the pretreatment by solvent extraction on the saccharification of poplar (Populus euramencana) was studied. The solvent system was Phenol/H2O(Uncatalyzed)and Phenol/H2O/HCl catalyst system. When the poplar was pretreated by uncatalyzed system, the best result of the saccharification was total of 43.9 g/1 reducing sugar produced and 83.5% of carbohydrated conversion was obtained at 19$0^{\circ}C$, 60 minutes. Total wood yield and the lignin removal were 46.3% and 98.2% respectively. The use of acid catalyst was unsuitable to increase he efficiency of saccharification.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Groundwater Environment
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 1997

This paper examines the influences of mining activities on the concentrations of heavy metals in soils in the vicinity of the Dalsung Cu-W mine, Korea. Geochemical surveys were undertaken in the Dalsung mine area and sampling of surface and subsurface soils was carried out. Samples were prepared using 0.1 N HCI, HNO$_3$-HClO$_4$, and aqua regia, and analyzed for Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. In addition, soil samples were sequentially extracted to investigate the chemical speciation of heavy metals in soils. Heavy metals are highly contaminated in soils in the vicinity of mining area ranging up to 28 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g Cd, 5000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g Cu, 2390 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g Pb and 930 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g Zn by the method using HNO$_3$-HClO$_4$. The pollution indices calculated with the permissible levels are up to 49 in surface and subsurface soils, which are considered sufficient to raise environmental problems. However, the heavy metal levels by the method using 0.1 N HCl are not higher than Korean standard for soil contamination. It suggests that analytical methods and soil standard should be re-examined. From the results of the sequential extraction methods for metal speciation, total Cu, Pb and Zn concentrations may be determined by analytical methods using HNO$_3$-HClO$_4$ or aqua regia, and exchangeable phase of those metals by the method using 0.1 N HCl.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.89-101
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• 2003

River deposits and farmland soils were analyzed to investigate the pollution level of heavy metals in the vicinity of the Goro abandoned Zn-mine. Surface (0-40 cm) and subsurface (40-100 cm) soils were collected around a main river located at the lower part of the Goro mine, and analyzed by ICP-MS for Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and Cr after 0. 1N HCI extraction and by AAS for As after IN HCI extraction. Concentrations of cadmium and lead at the surface river deposits close to the mine were over the Soil Pollution Warning Limit (SPWL), and 43% of sample sites (6 of 14 samples) were over SPWL for As suggesting that river deposits were broadly contaminated by arsenic. Results from farmland soil analysis showed that surface soils were contaminated by heavy metals, while only arsenic was over SPWL at 50% of sampling sites. Main pollution mechanism around the Goro mine was the discharge of mine tailing and waste rocks from the storage site to the river and to adjacent farmland during flood season. Pollution Grades for sample locations were prescribed by the Law of Soil Environmental Preservation, suggesting that the pollution level of heavy metals around the Goro mine was serious, and the remediation operation fur arsenic and the isolation of mine tailing and waste rocks from river and farmland should be activated to protect further contamination. The area needed to clean up was estimated from pollution distribution data and the remediation methods such as a soil washing method and a soil improvement method were considered as the further remediation operation for arsenic contaminated soils and river deposits around the Goro abandoned mine.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2008

This paper detected the characteristics of motion vector to support efficient content -based video search of video. Traditionally, the present frame of a video was divided into blocks of equal size and BMA (block matching algorithm) was used, which predicts the motion of each block in the reference frame on the time axis. However, BMA has several restrictions and vectors obtained by BMA are sometimes different from actual motions. To solve this problem, the foil search method was applied but this method is disadvantageous in that it has to make a large volume of calculation. Thus, as an alternative, the present study extracted the Spatio-Temporal characteristics of Motion Vector Spatio-Temporal Correlations (MVSTC). As a result, we could predict motion vectors more accurately using the motion vectors of neighboring blocks. However, because there are multiple reference block vectors, such additional information should be sent to the receiving end. Thus, we need to consider how to predict the motion characteristics of each block and how to define the appropriate scope of search. Based on the proposed algorithm, we examined motion prediction techniques for motion compensation and presented results of applying the techniques.