• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2007년도 제48회 학술심포지움 및 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.55.2-55.2
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• 2007

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• 치위생과학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.519-524
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• 2009

본 연구는 수도권 소재 대학에 재학 중인 일부 보건계열 대학생들을 대상으로 신종인플루엔자에 대한 지식정도와 자기 효능감, 감염의 심각성, 행동의도를 조사해 보고, 성별에 따른 차이를 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 조사대상자의 인구사회학적 특성으로는 여학생이 57.0%이었으며, 전공은 치위생과 학생이 56.8%로 가장 많았으며, 신종인플루엔자에 대한 교육경험은 78.1%가 받아본 적이 없다고 응답하였다. 2. 신종인플루엔자에 대한 지식은 '신종인플루엔자는 사람과 사람 사이에서 전염될 수 있다(94.6%)', '젊고 건강한 사람도 아이나 노인과 같이 신종인플루엔자에 감염될 수 있다(93.4%)', '열이 37.8도가 넘으면 신종인플루엔자 감염이 의심된다(93.2%),' '신종인플루엔자는 주로 감염된 사람의 기침이나 재채기를 통해 감염된다(91.3%)' 등의 항목에서 높은 정답률을 보였고, '신종인플루엔자는 조류인플루엔자와 동일한 것이다(16.3%)', '돼지고기를 잘못 먹으면 신종인플루엔자에 감염될 수 있다(20.5%)', '보통 독감백신주사를 맞으면 신종인플루엔자를 예방할 수 있다(25.6%)' 등의 항목은 낮은 정답률을 보였다. 신종인플루엔자에 대한 지식을 점수화하면 평균은 7.8점인 것으로 나타났다. 3. 성별에 따른 신종인플루엔자에 대한 자기효능감은 남학생이 여학생 보다 높게 나타나 유의미한 차이가 있었다.(P < 0.05). 4. 성별에 따른 신종인플루엔자에 대한 감염의 심각성은 여학생이 남학생보다 높게 나타나 유의미한 차이가 있었다(P < 0.01). 5. 성별에 따른 신종인플루엔자에 대한 행동의도는 '아는 사람이 신종인플루엔자에 걸리면 만나는 것을 고려해 볼 것이다'가 남학생 3.79점, 여학생 3.98점으로 여학생이 높게 나타나 유의미한 차이가 나타났고(P < 0.05), '신종인플루엔자가 발생한 지역은 여행이 망설여진다'는 남학생 3.93점, 여학생 4.07점으로 여학생의 행동의도가 남학생보다 높게 나타났다(P > 0.05).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.893-901
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• 2018

Influenza viruses that cause recurrent seasonal epidemics to humans can be controlled with vaccine and antiviral therapy. However, the medical treatments often exhibit limited efficacy in the elderly or immunosuppressed individuals. In these cases, daily uptake of probiotics may be an option to bring in health benefits against influenza. Here, we demonstrate the effects of probiotics Lactobacillus plantarum (Lp) and Leuconostoc mesenteroides (Lm) against seasonal and avian influenza viruses. As assessed by the plaque size reduction of human H1N1 and avian influenza H7N9 viruses, including green fluorescent protein-tagged H1N1 strain in cells, the selected Lp and Lm strains restrained viral replication in mouse lungs with statistical significance. Against lethal viral challenge, the Lp and Lm strains exhibited their beneficial effects by increasing the mean days and rates of survival of the infected mice. These results suggest that, despite rather narrow ranges of protective efficacy, the dietary supplement of Lactobacillus and Leuconostoc probiotics may promote health benefits against influenza.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2007

조류 인플루엔자바이러스(AIV) H5N1 아형을 Real-time PCR법을 이용하여 가장 빠르게 진단할 수 있는 방법을 개발하였다. 검색 대상의 염기서열은 AIV H5N1 아형의 hemagglutinin 유전자 중 가장 상동성이 높은 387 bp의 부위를 선택하였고, 실험의 안전을 위하여 인공합섬의 방법으로 제작하였다. Microchip을 기반으로 한Real-time PCR법을 사용하였으며, 총PCR 반응액의 양을 $1{\mu}l$로, PCR 과정 중 각 단계, 즉 해리, 접합, 신장의 시간을 각1초, 1초, 3초로 하여 총 실험시간을 단축하였다. 진단을 위한 실험과정에서 PCR 및 융점분식에 소요된 최단 시간은 12분28초였으며, 민감도측정에서 최소2.4개의 hemaggutinin 유전자를 기질로 하여 목적한 특이 189 bp의 PCR 산물을 증폭할 수 있었기에, 본 연구에서는 이런 초고속 PCR 실험방식을 Quick Real-time PCR이라 명명하였다. 이 결과들은 가금류 및 사람에게 전파된 AIV H5N1아형의 진단에 적용될 수 있을 뿐 아니라, PCR이 사용되는 다른 신속검색법에도 널리 적용 될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.56.1-56.13
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• 2020

Background: The live bird market (LBM) plays an important role in the dynamic evolution of the avian influenza H5N1 virus. Objectives: The main objective of this study was to monitor the genetic diversity of the H5N1 viruses in LBMs in Indonesia. Methods: Therefore, the disease surveillance was conducted in the area of Banten, West Java, Central Java, East Java, and Jakarta Province, Indonesia from 2014 to 2019. Subsequently, the genetic characterization of the H5N1 viruses was performed by sequencing all 8 segments of the viral genome. Results: As a result, the H5N1 viruses were detected in most of LBMs in both bird' cloacal and environmental samples, in which about 35% of all samples were positive for influenza A and, subsequently, about 52% of these samples were positive for H5 subtyping. Based on the genetic analyses of 14 viruses isolated from LBMs, genetic diversities of the H5N1 viruses were identified including clades 2.1.3 and 2.3.2 as typical predominant groups as well as reassortant viruses between these 2 clades. Conclusions: As a consequence, zoonotic transmission to humans in the market could be occurred from the exposure of infected birds and/or contaminated environments. Moreover, new virus variants could emerge from the LBM environment. Therefore, improving pandemic preparedness raised great concerns related to the zoonotic aspect of new influenza variants because of its high adaptivity and efficiency for human infection.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.1719-1727
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• 2014

In the present study, whispovirus immediate early 1 promoter (ie-1) was used to initiate surface expression of the hemagglutinin (HA) protein of Egyptian H5N1 avian influenza virus (AIV) by using the baculovirus expression vector system. The HA gene and whispovirus ie-1 promoter sequence were synthesized as a fused expression cassette (ie1-HA) and successfully cloned into the pFastBac-1 transfer vector. The recombinant vector was transformed into DH10Bac competent cells, and the recombinant bacmid was generated via site-specific transposition. The recombinant bacmid was used for transfection of Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf-9) insect cells to construct the recombinant baculovirus and to induce expression of the HA protein of H5N1 AIV. The recombinant glycoprotein expressed in Sf-9 cells showed hemadsorption activity. Hemagglutination activity was also detected in both extra- and intracellular recombinant HAs. Both the HA and hemadsorption activities were inhibited by reference polyclonal anti-H5 sera. Significant expression of the recombinant protein was observed on the surface of infected insect cells by using immunofluorescence. SDS-PAGE analysis of the expressed protein revealed the presence of a visually distinguishable band of ~63 kDa in size, which was absent in the non-infected cell control. Western blot analysis confirmed that the distinct 63 kDa band corresponded to the recombinant HA glycoprotein of H5N1 AIV. This study reports the successful expression of the HA protein of H5N1 AIV. The expressed protein was displayed on the plasma membrane of infected insect cells under the control of whispovirus ie-1 promoter by using the baculovirus expression vector system.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.209-213
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• 2015

Influenza A virus (H1N1) causes and spreads infectious diseases and becomes a major health threat in humans. Among the subtypes of influenza virus, neuraminidase (NA) plays an important role in viral life cycle and becomes an attractive therapeutic target. Currently two NA inhibitors namely Zanamivir and Oseltamivir are available for treating infectious diseases. Recently five naturally derived polyphenols extracted from Phellinus baumii was reported as inhibitors against NA. Molecular docking is powerful tool in computer aided drug designing which aids in exploring and elucidating the properties of the molecules from their 3D structure. Hence, in the present study, molecular docking was carried out on reported polyphenols isolated from ethanolic extract of fruiting bodies of Phellinus baumii. The objective of this work was to study the interaction and to propose the binding mode of these compounds within the binding site of H1N1 neuraminidase. The results showed these compounds had better binding energy and H-bond interactions with the important active site residues of the receptor which authenticate these compounds contributes to inhibitory activity of neuraminidase to treat influenza infection.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2011

Purpose: Natural history and consequences of the novel 2009 influenza A H1N1(2009 H1N1) infection in immunocompromised pediatric patients are not yet fully understood. In this study, we investigated the clinical features and outcomes of the 2009 H1N1 infection in pediatric patients with hematological and oncological diseases. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 528 patients who had hematological and oncological diseases and who were treated at 7 referral centers located in the Yeungnam region. Among the 528 patients, 27 with definite diagnosis of 2009 H1N1 infection were the subjects of this study. All patients were divided into the following 3 groups: patients who were receiving chemotherapy (group 1), patients who were immunosuppressed due to a nonmalignant hematological disease (group 2), and patients who were off chemotherapy and had undergone their last chemotherapy course within 2 years from the influenza A pandemic (group 3). Results: All 28 episodes of 2009 H1N1 infection were treated with the antiviral agent oseltamivir ($Tamiflu^{(R)}$), and 20 episodes were treated after hospitalization. Group 1 patients had higher frequencies of lower respiratory tract infection and longer durations of fever and hospitalization as compared to those in group 2. Ultimately, all episodes resolved completely with no complications. Conclusion: These results suggest that early antiviral therapy did not influence the morbidity or mortality of pediatric patients with hematological and oncological diseases in the Yeungnam region of Korea after the 2009 H1N1 infection. However, no definite conclusions can be drawn because of the small sample size.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제68권3호
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• pp.162-167
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• 2010

Background: To date, there are few data on the risk factors for severe cases and deaths associated with the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza A. Here, we describe the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of patients hospitalized for pneumonia and identify those factors associated with the development of major complications (MC). Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 41 cases of pneumonia admitted to a university-affiliated tertiary hospital between Aug 26 and Dec 10, 2009, and who had confirmed H1N1 influenza A based on real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assay. There were 7,962 patients that fit these criteria. We compared the clinical features and demographic characteristics of patients who developed MC to with those who did not develop MC. Results: During the study period, 10 patients developed MC (required admission to the intensive care unit, n=10; required ventilator therapy, n=6; death, n=4). Patients with MC were significantly older than those without MC and more frequently had underlying medical conditions (90.0% vs 41.9%, p-value <0.01). In the patients with developed MC, the median $PaO_2/FiO_2$ ratio of 230.0 (145.0~347.3) at admission and pneumonia severity index (PSI) score of 141.5 (88.3~158.5) were higher than patients without MC. However, no differences were observed in laboratory findings or in viral shedding between the 2 groups. Conclusion: In hospitalized pneumonia patients of 2009 H1N1 influenza, old age, a history of malignancy, initial hypoxemia, $PaO_2/FiO_2$ ratio, and PSI score appear to be risk factor significantly related to developing MC. These findings might be the basis to influence strategies for admitting patients to an intensive or intermediate care unit and for pre-emptive antiviral therapy.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.248-253
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• 2001

The outbreak patterns of the internal and external and external patients in the 20 designated hospitals and in 16 health centers were monitored to investigate and the characteristics of the virus isolates were as follows. Two hundreds and thirteen strains of influenza virus were isolated from the oral specimens of 1,686 patients with respiratory disease in Pusan. 1999. Among these isolates, 203 strains were A-type and the rest were B-type. The outbreak patterns for sex and age group were as follows. The male outbreak was similar to the female outbreak: male outbreak, 45.5% and female outbreak, 54.5%. Most of the patients were less than 10 days old. The monthly influenza outbreak was consistent from Jan. to Dec in 1999. The 96 strains from the A-type isolates were A/Sydney/05/97(H3N2)-like, the 107 strains were A/Beijing/262/95(H1N)-like, and all of the 10 B-type isolates were B/Harbin/07/94-like.