• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.332-336
• /
• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of addition of lactic acid bacteria inoculants on quality of rye silage harvested at early heading stage. The nutritive values in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculated group showed similar results to control. The pH of rye silage in LAB inoculation significantly decreased as compared to control (p<0.05). In addition, the content of lactic acid in LAB inoculation significantly increased (p<0.05), but the content of acetic acid in LAB treatments decreased. In addition, lactic acid bacterial counts in LAB inoculation significantly increased as compared to control (p<0.05). Therefore, we suggest that rye silage could be improved by LAB inoculation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.109 no.1
• /
• pp.1-22
• /
• 2020

In order to evaluate the vertical distribution and distributional pattern of vascular plants in the Samga district of Sobaeksan National Park, vascular plants were surveyed along a hiking trail from the Samga Tour Support Center to the top of a mountain. The elevation range was divided into 11 sections with 100 m intervals from 400 m to 1439 m above sea level.A total of 375 taxa were listed, comprising 92 families, 235 genera, 332 species, 3 subspecies, 37 varieties, and 3 forms. The pattern of species richness along the elevational gradient showed a reverse hump-shaped trend. The species distribution pattern was positively correlated with the soil exchangeable cations Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺, soil pH, available phosphate, and the warmth index. Furthermore, slope, soil moisture content, and soil exchangeable cations were significantly correlated with species distribution. DCA grouped herb species into two groups. Stands of each section were sequentially arranged from 400 m to 1500 m along an altitudinal gradient. Soil moisture content, soil pH, soil K²⁺ and Na²⁺, available phosphate, and slope were significantly correlated with stand distribution. This study provides important data that could be useful for conservation and the sustainable use of biodiversity in the study area. In order to understand the ecological and environmental characteristics and distribution of plant species, it will be necessary to continuously develop relative studies with continuous monitoring.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.555-561
• /
• 2020

TWIK-related two-pore domain K⁺ channel-2 (TREK-2) has voltage-independent activity and shows additional activation by acidic intracellular pH (pH_i) via neutralizing the E³³² in the cytoplasmic C terminal (Ct). We reported opposite regulations of TREK-2 by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP₂) via the alkaline K³³⁰ and triple Arg residues (R^355-357); inhibition and activation, respectively. The G³³⁴ between them appeared critical because its mutation (G³³⁴A) endowed hTREK-2 with tonic activity, similar to the mutation of the inhibitory K³³⁰ (K³³⁰A). To further elucidate the role of putative bent conformation at G³³⁴, we compared the dual mutation forms, K³³⁰A/G³³⁴A and G³³⁴A/R^355-7A, showing higher and lower basal activity, respectively. The results suggested that the tonic activity of G³³⁴A owes to a dominant influence from R^355-7. Since there are additional triple Arg residues (R^377-9) distal to R^355-7, we also examined the triple mutant (G³³⁴A/R^355-7A/R^377-9A) that showed tonic inhibition same with G³³⁴A/R^355-7A. Despite the state of tonic inhibition, the activation by acidic pH_i was preserved in both G³³⁴A/R^355-7A and G³³⁴A/R^355-7A/R^377-9A, similar to the R^355-7A. Also, the inhibitory effect of ATP could be commonly demonstrated under the activation by acidic pH_i in R^355-7A, G³³⁴A/R^355-7A, and G³³⁴A/R^355-7A/R^377-9A. These results suggest that the putative bent conformation at G³³⁴ is important to set the tug-of-war between K³³⁰ and R^355-7 in the PIP₂-dependent regulation of TREK-2.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
• /
• v.36 no.6
• /
• pp.325-332
• /
• 2002

Purpose: Human Na+/I- symporter (hNIS) is known to be expressed in many tissues other than thyroid gland. The breast cancer cells are one of them and the possibility of radioiodine therapy in treatment of the breast cancer may be suggested. We investigated the expression rate of hNIS and the relationship between the expression of hNIS and the finding of 99mTc-MIBI scintimammographv in the breast cancer Materials and Methods: Surgically proved 56 patients with breast cancer were the subjects of this study The expression of hNIS were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and the results were compared to the findings of 99m7c-MIBI scintimammography. Results: Overall expression rate of hNIS was 41.1% in 56 patients. According to the pathologic diagnosis, it was 42.9% in 49 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma and 28.6% in the 7 patients with ductal carcinoma in situ. The expression rate of hNIS in the 41 cases with a focal increased uptake at he breast lesion on 99m7c-MIBI sointimammogram was 31.7%. That in the 15 cases without any abnormal uptake on the scan was significantly higher(65.7%, p<0.05). Conclusion: The expression rate of hNIS in the patients with breast cancer was not so high. The rate was higher in the patients with no increased uptake at the breast lesion on 99m7c-MIBI scintimammography.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.21 no.6 s.101
• /
• pp.479-483
• /
• 2006

[ ${\beta}-Glucan$ ], one of the cell wall components, is most plentiful polysaccharides in cell wall and has several advantages in immune system. In yeast ${\beta}-glucan$ is mainly contained in the yeast cell wall, and thus it is important to produce high levels of cell mass for the mass production of yeast ${\beta}-glucan$. The best carbon and nitrogen sources on cell mass production were high fructose syrup and yeast extract. Response surface methodology (RSM) was very potential tool for the optimization of process factor and medium component. It was applied to estimate the effects of medium components on the production of cell mass. Optimal concentrations of high fructose syrup and yeast extract by response surface methodology were 8.0% (v/v) and 5.2% (w/v), respectively and the cell mass predicted was $17.0\;g/{\ell}$ at 20 h of cultivation.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.326-332
• /
• 1999

Background: In korea the agricultural community widely uses organophosphorous, and organophosphorous poisonings are increasing every year. We compared change in activity of acetylcholinesterase and pseudocholinesterase by organophosphorous and by the interaction of ethanol and organophosphorous. We also compared the effect of reversible anticholinesterase drugs, physostigmine and neostigmine The object of this study is to investigate the effects of several anticholinesterase drugs and on how ethanol influences the activity of cholinesterase. Materials and Methods: Fifteen male university students were randomly selected, and blood samples were taken from the antecubital vein. The acetylcholinesterase in the RBC and the pseudocholinesterase in the serum were extracted and separated. The enzyme activity change was measured by the electrometric method. After adding acetylcholine, the pH change was measured with a pH meter. Results and Conclusion: Our results indicated that reversible anticholinesterase drugs decreased the cholinesterase activity more efficiently than organophosphorous. The acetyl cholinesterase and pseudocholinosterase activity were decreased by ethanol. When ethanol was added, oxime a cholinesterase activator, increased acetylcholinesterase activity but does not increased pseudocholinesterase activity.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.43 no.4
• /
• pp.315-332
• /
• 2010

All of the water and stone-dust samples with or without flocculant, in and around quarry mines, were analyzed for total concentrations of heavy metals, cyanide(CN), toxic organic compounds and organic phosphorus. Extraction experiments on stone-dust by EDTA and various pH solutions were also carried out, in order to evaluate the contaminant leaching from the long-term heaped stone-dust within quarry mines. The concentrations of $Cr^{6+}$, Hg, CN, TCE/PCE and total phosphorus in all samples (water and stone-dust) were under detection limits, confirming no environmental contamination from stone-dust in quarry mine areas. Lead and cadmium were not detected in all water samples. Copper and zinc were found in some water samples, and arsenic was detected in a few water samples. But they also showed levels much lower than the drinking water standard. Results of the extraction experiments by EDTA and pH solutions showed that Pb, Cr, Cd, Cu and Zn were leached out in less amounts or under detection limits. Arsenic was detected only at pH 3. From above results, we suggested that environmental contamination by quarry mine development is likely to be minor or negligible.

• Clean Technology
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.327-332
• /
• 2023

This study investigated synthesis gas production via steam reforming of biogas. Ni-Al₂O₃ and Ni-CeO₂ catalysts were synthesized using the co-precipitation method, with controlled precipitation agent injection rates. Catalytic performances were tested at various temperatures, with a gas composition ratio of CH₄:CO₂:H₂O = 1:0.67:3 and a gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 647,000 mL h^-1 gcat^-1. The rate of precipitation agent injection influenced the characteristics of the catalysts depending on the type of support used. As the temperature increased, both the CO₂ reforming of methane and the reverse water gas shift reactions occurred. The Ni-Al₂O₃ catalyst, synthesized with a single injection of the precipitation agent, exhibited the best catalytic activity under conditions with sufficient steam supply among the prepared catalysts, due to its high Ni dispersion.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.326-332
• /
• 2001

To investigate a fertility status of upland soil, the soil were sampled at 854 sites chosen in consideration of areal distribution percent on the basis of topography and were analyzed on pH, organic mater, available phosphorus ($P_2O_5$), exchangeable potassium and calcium and magnesium. The content of soil chemical properties showed pH 5.6, organic mater $24g\;kg^{-1}$, available $P_2O_5$ $577mg\;kg^{-1}$, exchangeable potassium and calcium and magnesium were 0.85, 4.5, $1.4cmol^+kg^{-1}$, respectively. The distribution percent of soil samples within the optimum range for cropping were 13.4% for pH, 46.7% for organic matter. 27.4% for available $P_2O_5$, 10.7, 15.8, 18.3% for exchangeable potassium and calcium and magnesium, respectively. In chronological changes of soil properties, exchangeable calcium and magnesium were ignorable ; pH was slightly decreased ; organic matter was slightly increased ; available $P_2O_5$ and exchangeable potassium were greatly increased.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.329-332
• /
• 2003

The effect of garlic addition on quality and shelf-life of soybean curd was investigated. The yield of garlic soybean curd slightly decreased in proportion to amount of garlic added. In the case of texture, hardness of the garlic soybean curd increased when $5{\sim}10%$ garlic was added, whereas hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, springiness and chewiness significantly decreased in the case of 20% garlic added. Microbial counts of soybean curd stored in sterilized distilled water as tofu-immersion solution increased, whereas pH decreased during storage at $15^{\sim}C$. During all storage periods, microbial counts of the soybean curds containing garlic were always lower than that of the ordinary soybean curd. These results imply that garlic is a useful additive in suppressing the proliferation of aerobic microorganism and has a potential use in extending the shelf-life of soybean curd. According to yield, textural properties and shelf-life data, the suitable concentration of garlic was around $5{\sim}10%$.