• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.3687-3693
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• 2012

Objective: The current meta-analysis was performed to address a more accurate estimation of the association between glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) codon 105 polymorphism and risk of gastric cancer (GC), which has been widely reported with conflicting results. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify all the relevant studies. Fixed or random effect models were selected based on the heterogeneity test. Publication bias was estimated using Begg's funnel plots and Egger's regression test. Results: A total of 20 studies containing 2,821 GC cases and 6,240 controls were finally included in the analyses. Overall, no significant association between GSTP1 polymorphism and GC risk was observed in worldwide populations. However, subgroup analysis stratified by ethnicity showed that GSTP1 polymorphism was significantly associated with increased risk of GC in Asians (G vs. A, OR = 1.273, 95%CI=1.011-1.605; GG vs. AA, OR=2.103, 95%CI=1.197-3.387; GG vs. AA+AG, OR =2.103, 95%CI=1.186-3.414). In contrast, no significant association was found in Caucasians in any genetic models, except for with AG vs. AA (OR=0.791, 95%CI=0.669-0.936). Furthermore, the GSTP1 polymorphism was found to be significantly associated with GC in patients with H. pylori infection and in those with a cardiac GC. Subgroup analysis stratified by Lauren's classification and smoking status showed no significant association with any genetic model. No studies were found to significantly influence the pooled effects in each genetic mode, and no potential publication bias was detected. Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggested that the GSTP1 polymorphism might be associated with increased risk of GC in Asians, while GSTP1 heterozygote genotype seemed to be associated with reduced risk of GC. Since potential confounders could not be ruled out completely, further studies are needed to confirm these results.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.6103-6108
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• 2013

Objective: Excision repair cross-complementing group 6 (ERCC6) is a major component of the nucleotide excision repair pathway that plays an important role in maintaining genomic stability and integrity. Several recent studies suggested a link of ERCC6 polymorphisms with susceptibility to various cancers. However, the relation of ERCC6 polymorphism with gastric cancer (GC) risk remains elusive. In this sex- and age-matched case-control study including 402 GC cases and 804 cancer-free controls, we aimed to investigate the association between a potentially functional polymorphism (rs1917799 T>G) in the ERCC6 regulatory region and GC risk. Methods: The genotypes of rs1917799 were determined by Sequenom MassARRAY platform and the status of Helicobacter pylori infection was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidential interval (CI) were calculated by logistic regression analysis. Results: Compared with the common TT genotype, the ERCC6 rs1917799 GG genotype was associated with increased GC risk (adjusted OR=1.46, 95%CI: 1.03-2.08, P=0.035). When compared with (GT+TT) genotypes, the GG genotype also demonstrated a statistical association with increased GC risk (adjusted OR=1.38, 95%CI: 1.01-1.89, P=0.044). This was also observed for the male subpopulation (GG vs. TT: adjusted OR=1.71, 95%CI: 1.12-2.62, P=0.013; G allele vs. T allele: adjusted OR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.07-1.62, P=0.009). Genetic effects on increased GC risk tended to be enhanced by H. pylori infection, smoking and drinking, but their interaction effects on GC risk did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: ERCC6 rs1917799 GG genotype might be associated with increased GC risk in Chinese, especially in males.

• Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.603-613
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• 2018

Background/Aims Functional dyspepsia (FD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders, and FD imposes social and economic burden worldwide. The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence and risk factors of FD in health check-up population in tertiary centers in Korea. Methods A nationwide multicenter prospective study was performed at 9 tertiary healthcare centers in Korea between September 2016 and June 2017. A total of 2525 subjects were investigated based on endoscopic findings and questionnaires with the Rome III criteria, and Helicobacter pylori serology (IgG). Results A total of 1714 subjects without organic disease were enrolled. The mean (${\pm}SD$) age was 51.5 (${\pm}12.7$) years, and 917 patients (53.5%) were female. The proportion of H. pylori seropositivity was 51.0% (874/1714). The prevalence of FD was 10.3% (176/1714), and the subtypes of postprandial distress syndrome alone, epigastric pain syndrome alone, and postprandial distress syndromeepigastric pain syndrome overlap were 4.8%, 3.0%, and 2.5%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that female gender (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.14-2.21) and education below college level (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.01-2.07) were related to FD. Multivariate analysis based on age 60 showed female gender as a significant (OR, 2.90; 95% CI, 1.06-7.94) factor in the group ${\geq}60$ years. Conclusions The prevalence of FD was 10.3% in the health check-up population in Korea. Female sex and education below college level were risk factors for FD. Female sex is a risk factor for FD in old age, underscoring the need for close attention in this age group.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.443-449
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 섬괴불나무 잎으로부터 phenol성 화합물의 생리활성 탐색을 통하여 기능성 소재로 활용 가능성을 살펴보았다. 인체에 무해한 용매인 열수와 ethanol로 추출 했을 때 열수는 3.53 mg/g, 40% ethanol은 2.82 mg/g의 TPC를 나타내었으며, 추출물을 이용하여 항산화 활성, xanthine oxidase (XOase), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), α-glucosidase 억제효과 및 항균 활성을 검정하였다. 그 결과 섬괴불나무 잎의 열수와 ethanol 추출물 50-200 ㎍/mL TPC에서 농도의존적으로 DPPH 유리라디칼 소거활성 및 PF가 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 50 ㎍/mL의 저농도에서도 모두 매우 높은 활성을 나타내었다. XOase 저해효과에서는 200 ㎍/mL TPC에서 열수와 ethanol 추출물이 각각 76.35, 99.83%의 높은 저해효과 나타냈으며, ACE 저해효과 또한 200 ㎍/mL TPC에서 열수와 ethanol 추출물 각각 79.06, 87.14%의 저해효과를 확인하였다. α-Glucosidase 저해효과를 측정한 결과 200 ㎍/mL TPC에서 열수와 ethanol 추출물 각각 80.45, 63.58%의 저해효과를 보였다. 생육저해환으로 항균활성을 측정 결과 열수 추출물 200 ㎍/100 μL TPC에서 H. pylori, P. acne균에 대해 각각 11.5, 18.5 mm의 clear zone을 형성 하였고, ethanol 추출물 200 ㎍/100 μL 농도에서는 P. acne균에 대해 10 mm의 clear zone을 형성하였다. 따라서 본 연구를 통하여 섬괴불나무 잎 추출물의 항산화 활성, xanthine oxidase (XOase), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), α-glucosidase 억제효과 및 항균 활성이 있다고 판단되었다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.612-617
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• 2012

The antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities of ovotransferrin were investigated in vitro. The antioxidant capacity of ovotransferrin was evaluated using the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method, antimicrobial effects using the agar well diffusion method, and cytotoxicity using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthizol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenylatetetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The DPPH radical-scavenging capacity of ovotransferrin at 1 mg/mL level reached approximately 60% after 48 h of reaction. The antimicrobial effects of ovotransferrin against common food-borne pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus KCCM 32395, Bacillus cereus KCCM 40935, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 15313, Escherichia coli O157:H7 ATCC 43895, and Helicobacter pylori HpKCTC 26695 were dose dependant. Gram-positive bacteria was more sensitive to ovotransferrin than gram-negative bacteria. Ovotransferrin showed stronger antimicrobial effect against L. monocytogenes than other gram-positive bacteria tested. The cytotoxicity of ovotransferrin was evaluated in human cancer cell lines, various tissue origins, including the larynx (Hep-2), stomach (AGS), lung (SK-MES-1), liver (HepG2), breast (MCF-7), cervix (HeLa), and colon (HT-29). Ovotransferrin displayed relatively high cytotoxicity (${\leq}60%$ inhibition effects) at 40 mg/mL. At lower concentrations (${\leq}10mg/mL$), however, ovotransferrin cytotoxic effects were not significant in all cancer cell lines tested. These results indicated that ovotransferrin has potential to be used as an antioxidant or antimicrobial agent in foods or a pharmaceutical agent against cancers.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.446-450
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• 2005

캐모마일(Matricaria chamomilla L.)을 성인병 예방을 위한 기능성 식품소재로 이용하기 위하여 추출물의 생리활성 효과를 조사하였다. 추출물의 phenol 함량은 열수추출물이 $23.64{\pm}0.35\;mg/g$이었으며, $60\%$ 알콜추출물은 $24.98{\pm}0.20\;mg/g$으로 $60\%$ 알콜추출물의 phenol 함량이 다소 높게 나타났다. 캐모마일의 HPLC 분석 결과 생리활성 효과가 높은 rosemarinic acid, quercetin의 함량이 많은 것으로 보아 생리활성 효과가 있을 것으로 사료된다. 각 추출물의 항산화 효과는 DPPH가 열수추출물과 $60\%$ 알콜추출물이 각각 $91.05\%$와 $95.49\%$로 높게 나타났고, antioxidant protection factor (PF)는 열수추출물이 $0.71\pm0.02$로 지용성 물질에 대한 항산 화력은 낮았으나, $50\%$ 알콜추출물은 $1.48\pm0.03$으로 높은 PF를 나타내어 열수추출물보다는 $60\%$ 알콜추출물이 지용성에 대한 항산화력이 더 높다는 것을 알 수 있었다. Helicobater pylori에 대한 추출물의 항균활성은 열추추출물의 경우 clear zone이 나타나지 않았으며, $60\%$ 알콜추출물의 경우 $200{\mu}g/mL$ mL의 농도일 때 9.42 mm의 clear zone이 관찰되어 $60\%$ 알콜추출물에서만 낮은 저해활성이 있는 것으로 판단되었다. ACE 저해효과는 열수추출물이 $87.98\%,\;60\%$ 알콜추출물이 $91.36\%$의 저해효과를 나타내어 높은 고혈압 효과를 나타내었다. XOase에 대한 억제효과는 열수추출물이 $73.48\%,\;60\%$ 알콜추출물이 $81.96\%$의 저해효과를 나타내어 XOase에 대한 높은 저해를 관찰할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과로 캐모마일의 $60\%$ 알콜추출물이 항산화제, 고혈압 및 항관절염 소재로의 개발이 기대되어었다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.228-237
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• 2005

목적: 위암조직에서 P16과 hMLH1 유전자의 메틸화상태를 검사하여 위암의 발생과정에서의 작용과 유전자의 발현에 미치는 영향과 Helicobacter paylori균 감염여부 및 임상병리학적인자와의 연관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 위암 신선 동결 절편조직 100예를 대상으로 유전자의 단백질 발현상태는 면역조직화학 염색을 시행하여 확인하였고. 메틸화 상태는 methylation-specific PCR(MSP)과 염기서열분석을 시행하였다. 결과: P16유전자의 메틸화는 19예(19%)에서 관찰되었고 이 중 18예(94.7%)에서 P16유전자의 단백질 발현 소실이 있어, P16 유전자의 단백질 발현 소실이 P16유전자의 메틸화와 연관이 있음을 알 수 있었다(kappa 계수=0.317, P=.0011). hMLH1 유전자의 메틸화는 27예(27%)에서 관찰되었고, 이 중 24예(8.8%)에서 hMLH1 단백의 소실이 hMLH1유전자의 메틸화와 연관이 있음을 보여주었다(kappa계수=0.675, p<0.0001). hMLH1 유전자의 메틸화는 나이, 암종의 크기, Lauren 분류와 연관성이 있었다. P16 유전자와 hMLH1 유전자 메틸화 모두 Helicobacter paylori균 감염여부와는 연관성이 없었다. 결론: 위암에서 P16 및 hMLH1 유전자의 불활성화에는 DNA 메틸화가 작용을 함을 알 수 있었고, hMLH1유전자의 메틸화는 나이, 암종의 크기, Lauren 분류와 연관이 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.4725-4732
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• 2012

Aim: The incidence of stomach cancer in Mizoram is highest in India. We have conducted a population based matched case-control study to identify environmental and genetic risk factors in this geographical area. Methods: A total of 102 histologically confirmed stomach cancer cases and 204 matched healthy population controls were recruited. GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes were determined by PCR and H. pylori infections were determined by ELISA. Results: Tobacco-smoking was found to be an important risk factor for high incidence of stomach cancer in Mizoram. Meiziol (local cigarette) smoking was a more important risk factor than other tobacco related habits. Cigarette, tuibur (tobacco smoke infused water) and betel nut consumption synergistically increased the risk of stomach cancer. Polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes were not found to be directly associated with stomach cancer in Mizoram. However, they appeared to be effect modifiers. Persons habituated with tobacco smoking and/or tuibur habit had increased risk of stomach cancer if they carried the GSTM1 null genotype and GSTT1 non-null genotype. Conclusion: Tobacco smoking, especially meiziol is the important risk factor for stomach cancer in Mizoram. GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes modify the effect of tobacco habits. This study is a first step in understanding the epidemiology of stomach cancer in Mizoram, India.

• 보험의학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.68-74
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• 2008

Medical verification of cancer diagnosis in insurance claims is a very important procedure in insurance administrations. Claims staffs are in need of medical experts' opinions about claim administration. This procedure is called medical claim review (MCR) and is composed of verification and advice. MCR verification evaluates the insured’s physical condition by medical records and compares it with product coverage. It is divided into assessment of living assurance benefit, verification of cancer, and assessment of the cause of death. Actually cancer verification of MCR is applicable to coding because the risk ratio in product development is usually coded data. There are some confusing neoplastic diseases in assessing the verification of cancer. This article reviews gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue tumors (MALToma) of the stomach. The second most common group of stromal or mesenchymal neoplasms affecting the gastrointestinal tract is GIST. Nowadays there are many articles about the pathophysiology of GIST. However there are few confirmative theories except molecular cell biology of KIT mutation and some tyrosine kinase. Therefore, coding the GIST, which has previously been classified as an intermediate risk group according to NIH2001 criteria, for cancer verification of MCR is suitable for D37.1; neoplasm of uncertain or unknown behavior of digestive organs and the stomach. The gastrointestinal tract is the predominant site of extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. B-cell lymphomas of the MALT type, now called extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT type in the REAL/WHO classification, are the most common primary gastric lymphomas worldwide. Its characteristics are as follows. First, it is different from traditional stomach cancers such as gastric adenocarcinoma. Second, the primary therapy of MALToma is the eradication of H. pylori by antibiotics and the remission rate is over 80%. Third, it has a different clinical course compared to traditional malignant lymphoma. Someone insisted that cancer verification is not possible for the above reasons. However, there have been findings on pathologic mechanism, and according to WHO classification, MALToma is classified into malignant B-cell lymphoma and it must be verified as malignancy in MCR.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.3021-3027
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• 2014

Background: The multidrug resistance 1 gene (MDR1) C3435T polymorphism has been demonstrated to influence the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) activity level which is related to inflammation and carcinogenesis. This meta-analysis was performed to estimate the association between the MDR1 C3435T polymorphism and the risk of gastric cancer (GC) and peptic ulcer (PU). Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted with PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane library up to November 2013. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of association. Data were analyzed using Review Manager (Version 5.2), and Stata package (version 12.0) for estimation of publication bias. Results: Six case-control studies were included, of which five were for GC and two for PU. Overall, no evidence was found for any association between the MDR1 C3435T polymorphism and the susceptibility to GC and PU. In the stratified analysis by H. pylori infection status, stage and histology classification of GC, and PU type, there was still no significant association between them. Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggested that the MDR1 C3435T polymorphism is not associated with susceptibility to GC and PU. Large and well-designed studies are warranted to validate our findings.