• 공업화학
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.742-748
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• 2019

Influence of several experimental parameters (e.g., initial dye concentration, pH, distance between electrodes, applied voltage, electrical conductivity, current density, and reaction time) on the performance of electrocoagulation (EC) process for the removal of acid blue 25 (AB25) was studied. A bipolar batch reactor was used to test the impact of the parameters. The removal efficiency (RE) of AB25 dye was promoted by increasing the contact time, voltage, electrical conductivity, and applied current density. In contrast, RE of AB25 decreased with higher level of AB25 and the longer distance between electrodes. The removal efficiency increased consistently until pH 7, but decreased above pH 7. The maximum efficiency of AB25 removal above 90% was obtained at a voltage of 60 V, reaction time of 90 min, distance between electrodes of 0.5 cm, initial concentration of 25 mg/L, conductivity of 3,000 μS/cm and pH of 7. These results imply that the high RE of AB25 dye from the aqueous solution can be achieved by EC process.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.231-235
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• 2004

본 논문은 식물정유를 이용해 유해가스를 처리하는 경우에 식물정유의 주요구성성분을 파악하고 이를 통해 처리효율을 규명하는데 연구하였다. 또한 식물정유와 암모니아 가스에 의한 암모니아 제거반응 메카니즘을 규명하였으며 그 결과는 아래와 같다. 1) 암모니아 가스는 중화반응에 의해 처리되는 경우에 식물정유의 화학구조에서 알코올기, 알데히드기 그리고 에스터기가 관여한다는 것을 밝혀냈다. 실험결과 앞서 언급한 화학작용기가 포함되어 있는 경우에 암모니아 가스와 중화반응으로 염을 형성하여 유해가스 제거과정을 갖는다 2) 암모니아가스를 제거하는 중화반응의 경우에 온도와 pH에 따라 처리효율을 크게 달라졌으며 온도는 높은 온도보다는 적정 온도에서 제거효율이 거의 98%이상 제거되었으며 적정 pH는 pH가 중성인 경우에 최고의 처리효율이 얻어졌다. 3) 암모니아 가스의 처리효율은 식물정유을 통해 20분 이내에 암모니아 가스 처리 효율이 98% 이상 처리되는 것으로 나타났다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2005

The study was conducted to investigate the removal of heavy metals by using Hydroxyapatite(HAp) made from waste oyster shells and wastewater with high concentration of phosphorus. The maximum calcium concentration for the production of HAp in this study was released up to 361 mg/L at pH of 3 by elution experiments. When the pH was at adjusted 6, the maximum calcium released concentration was 41 mg/L. During the elution experiment, most of the calcium was released within 60 minutes. This reaction occurred at both pH levels of 3 and 6. The result of the XRD analysis for the HAp product used in this study shows the main constituent was HAp, as well as OCP. The pH was 8.6. As the temperature increased, the main constituent did not vary, however its structure was crystallized. When the pH was maintained at 3, the removal efficiency decreased as the heavy metal concentration increased. The order of removal efficiency was as follows: $Fe^{2+}$(92%), $Pb^{2+}$(92%) > $Cu^{2+}$(20%) > $Cd^{2+}$(0%). Most of these products were dissolved and did not produce sludge in the course of heavy metals removal. As the heavy metal concentration increased at pH of 6, the removal efficiency increased. The removal efficiencies in all heavy metals were over 80%. From the analysis of the sludge after reaction with heavy metals, the HAp was detected and the OCP peak was not observed. Moreover, lead ion was observed at the peaks of lead-Apatite and lead oxidant. In the case of cadmium, copper and iron ions, hydroxide forms of each ion were also detected.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.757-762
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• 1996

The removal effectiveness of various heavy metal ions in boron-rich containing plants has been studied by means of spectroscopic and pH methods. Treatment of the boron-rich containing sample which was collected from cherry and root of cabbage to heavy metal ions is resulted in that an excellent removal effect shows in the case of large ionic size of heavy metal. Stability constants are depended on the variation of pH.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.37-46
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• 1996

In this study, the effect of pH, Temp, dye concentration, distance of electrode, and the potential on the removal efficiency of dye-wastewater using electrochemical reaction were investigated. Optimum conditions for the electrochemical treatment of dye-wastewater were obtained that pH;7, 8V, electrode distance; 1cm and the reaction time for obtaining above 99% removal efficiency were 10 - 40min at each conditions, From this result, we can determine the instantaneous current efficiency and specific energy consumption, and we can provide the effective data for economical treatment of industrial dye-wastewater.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.987-991
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• 2004

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the removal efficiencies of COD$\_$Cr/ and color for the dyeing wastewater by the different dosages of ferrous solution and H$_2$O$_2$ in Fenton process. In the case of H$_2$O$_2$ divided dosage for the Fenton's reagent 7:3 of H$_2$O$_2$ was more effective than 3:7 to remove COD$\_$Cr/ and color. The results showed that COD$\_$Cr/ was mainly removed by Fenton coagulation, where the ferric ions are formed in the initial step of Fenton reaction. On the other hand color was removed by Fenton oxidation rather than Fenton coagulation. The removal mechanism of COD$\_$Cr/ and color was mainly coagulation by ferrous ion, ferric ion and Fenton oxidation. The removal efficiencies were dependent on the ferric ion amount at the beginning of the reaction. However, the final removal efficiency of COD$\_$Cr/ and color was in the order of Fenton oxidation, ferric ion coagulation and ferrous ion coagulation. The reason of the highest removal efficiency by Fenton oxidation can be explained by the chain reactions with ferrous solution, ferric ion and hydrogen peroxide.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

FeS, as a natural reduced iron mineral, has been recognized to be a viable reactive material for As(III) sequestration in natural and engineered systems. In this study, FeS-coated sand packed columns were tested to evaluate the As(III) removal capacities under anaerobic conditions at pH 5, 7 and 9. The column obtained As(III) removal capacity was then compared with the capacity result obtained from batch reactors. In the comparison, two different approaches were used. The first approach was used the total As(III) removal capacity which method was proved to be useful for interpreting pH 5 system. The second approach was used to consider sorption non-linearity and proved to be useful for interpreting the pH 9. The results demonstrated that a mechanistic understanding of the different removal processes at different pH conditions is important to interpret the column experimental results. At pH 5, where the precipitation of arsenic sulfide plays the major role in the removal of arsenic, the column shows a greater removal efficiency than the batch system due to the continuous dissolution of sulfide and precipitation of arsenic sulfide. At pH 9, where adsorption mainly governs the arsenic removal, the sorption nonlinearity should be considered in the estimation of the column capacity. This study highlighted the importance of understanding reaction mechanism to predict column performance using batch-obtained experimental results.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.404-410
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• 2005

The pH efforts on the removal of 1,4-dioxane and the biodegradobility enhancement of dioxane contaminated water were investigated using $O_3/H_2O_2$ baled advanced oxidation process. Experiments were conducted using a bubble column reactor under different initial pH. The $O_3/H_2O_2$ process effectively converted 1,4-dioxane to more biodegradable intermediates which had a maximum $BOD_5$ enhancement at pH 11 within the experimental range, precisely, when the initial pH increased, $BOD_5$ enhanced. However, in case of removal efficiencies of 1,4-dioxane during $O_3/H_2O_2$ oxidation the optimum condition was shown at pH 9 compared with pH 6 and 11. TOC and COD values were not largely changed for all reaction time. From the results of 1,4-dioxane removal efficiency, TOC, COD, and $BOD_5$ enhancement with reaction time, it was surely observed that 1,4-dioxane was just converted to biodegradable materials, not completely oxidized to carbon dioxide.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate influencing factors of bisphenol A(BPA) removal characteristic in conventional water treatment systems to be connected with coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection. The result are summarized as follows; In BPA removal, optimal doses of PAC, alum, ferric chloride were 7.5 mg Al/L, 10.0 mg AI/L, 15.0 mg Fek. PAC was most effective coagulant to remove BPA. In coagulation process, BPA removal efficiency were increased about 2％ by adjusting pH of raw water as 6. At temperature rise 1$0^{\circ}C$, BPA removal efficiency were increased 0.94％. but BPA removal efficiency in sand filtration process were under 1 ％ie, so that BPA was almost not removed. At free chlorine dose 1, 2 mg/L, the reaction rate constant k in the BPA removal have been calculated to be 0.397, 0.953 min$^{-1}$ . At free chlorine dose 1, 2 mg/1-, degradation reaction of BPA was completed during 10 min and BFA removal efficiencies were 97.66, 99.99％ at this time.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.483-488
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• 2005

The waste seashells were used for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from a hot gas stream. The sulphidation of waste seashells with $H_{2}$S was studied in a thermogravimetric analyzer at temperature between 600 and $800^{circ}C$. The desulfurization performance of the waste seashell sorbents was experimentally tested in a fixed bed reactor system. Sulfidation experiments performed under reaction conditions similar to those at the exit of a coal gasifier showed that preparation procedure and technique, the type and the amount of seashell, and the size of the seashell affect the $H_{2}$S removal capacity of the sorbents. The pore structure of fresh and sulfided seashell sorbents was analyzed using mercury porosimetry, nitrogen adsorption, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Measurements of the reaction of $H_{2}$S with waste seashells show that particles smaller than 0.631 mm can achieve high conversion to CaS. According to TGA and fixed bed reactor results, temperature had influenced on $H_{2}$S removal efficiency. As desulfurization temperature increased, desulfurization efficiency increased. Also, maximum desulfurization efficiency was observed at $800^{circ}C$. Desulfurization was related to calcinations temperature.