• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.512-518
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• 2018

This article measured and analyzed the indoor radon concentrations at one university building in Gyeongju, Republic of Korea, to investigate if there is any relationship between earthquakes and indoor radon concentration. Since 12 September 2016, when two 5.1 and 5.8 magnitude earthquakes occurred, hundreds of aftershocks affected Gyeongju until January 2017. The measurements were made at the ground floor of the Energy Engineering Hall of Dongguk University in Gyeongju over a period between February 2016 and January 2017. The measurements were made with an RAD7 detector on the basis of the US Environmental Protection Agency measurement protocol. Each measurement was continuously made every 30 minutes over the measurement period every month. Among earthquakes with 2.0 or greater magnitude, the earthquakes whose occurrence timings fell into the measurement periods were screened for further analysis. We observed similar spike-like patterns between the indoor radon concentration distributions and earthquakes: a sudden increase in the peak indoor radon concentration 1-4 days before an earthquake, gradual decrease before the earthquake, and sudden drop on the day of the earthquake if the interval between successive earthquakes was moderately longer, for example, 3 days in this article.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.99-105
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• 2016

In this paper, a groundwater hydrological study of the Gyeongju well during the Silla period is conducted to investigate how sufficiently the Gyeongju well supplied water demand at the time. It is assumed that the current geology and soil condition in Gyeongju remain similar to the Silla period. Also, the land use and land coverage during the Silla period is estimated based on the current land condition in Gyeongju. Precipitation during the Silla period is analyzed using precipitation data from 1984 to 2014 provided by Gyeonju weather station. Precipitation analysis is applied based on 3 different scenarios; precipitation intensity during the Silla period was Case (1) the same as, Case (2) 30% more, and Case (3) 30% less than the precipitation intensity of the last decade (2005~2014). Furthermore, to observe the use of the well in Gyeongju during droughts, the following condition(Case (4)) is also considered; ten year drought during the Silla period was the same as the ten year drought from 1984 to 2014. Available amount of groundwater development is analyzed using NRCS-CN method. The results show that the potential amount of groundwater in Gyeongju during Silla era was for Case (1) $62,825,272m^3/year$, Case (2) $93,606,567m^3/year$, Case (3) $32,277,298m^3/year$, and Case (4)$32,870,896m^3/year$. Also, it has been shown that $45,260,000m^3$ of groundwater were required to supply to all households in Gyeongju during Silla era. Therefore, if the precipitation intensity during Silla era was similar with the last decade, the groundwater would provide enough supply to all households in Gyeongju. However, in the case that the precipitation intensity during Silla era was 30% less than the last decade or a ten year drought happened, it is predicted that the water use in Gyeongju would have been limited.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2006년도 제47회 학술심포지움 및 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.106.1-106.1
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• 2006

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2016

In present article, we find a complete classification theorem of links of basket numbers 2 or less. As an application, we study the basket numbers of links of 6 crossings or less.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.342-348
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• 2018

An earthquake of $M_L$ 5.8 hit the Gyeongju area on September 12, 2016. A sequence of foreshock-mainshock-aftershock of 588 events with equal to or greater than magnitude 1.5 occurred for six months in this area. Around ninety-nine percentage (98.8%) of the total energy was released intensively within a day, and about 80% of the total events took place within a month after the Gyeongju earthquake. The epicentral distribution of aftershocks of major events ($M_L$ 5.1, 5.8, 4.5, and 3.5) were elongated in the direction of $N30^{\circ}E$. They correlate well with the focal mechanism solution. These facts support the inference that the Gyeongju earthquakes occurred on a sub-parallel subsidiary fault of the Yangsan fault zone or on the linking damage zones between Deokcheon and Yangsan fault. During the last six years before the Gyeongju earthquake, there were few events within 10-km radius from the epicenter. This seismic gap area was filled with a sequence of the Gyeongju earthquakes. The b value for aftershock of the Gyeongju earthquakes is 1.09.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.80-86
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• 2016

Earthquakes of M5.1, M5.8 and M4.5 occurred in September 12 and 19 respectively in Gyeongju, Gyeongbuk Province. Theses earthquakes inflated fears of people and highlighted necessity of detailed countermeasures because we have considered our country is safe to earthquakes. In the meanwhile, earthquake also impacts groundwater and thus it was recently reported that the Gyeongju Earthquakes affected groundwater there. This study evaluates daily groundwater data collected from five national groundwater monitoring stations (Geoncheon, Sannae, Oedong, Yangbuksin, Cheonbuk) in Gyeongju. The analysis revealed that only groundwater level of bedrock monitoring well hosted in andesite exhibited earthquake impact while no wells in the other four stations hosted in sedimentary rocks showed substantial responses to the earthquakes. This may be derived from the difference of seismic velocity of hosting rocks as well as epicenter distance. Special interest on groundwater monitoring is required to predict earthquakes as precursory phenomena.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.549-559
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• 2008

This study was performed by questionnaire to investigate viewpoints regarding menu excavation and development of native local foods of adults in the Gyeongju area, classified by gender and age. The subject population consisted of 253 citizens(108 males and 145 females) living in Gyeongju. The findings are summarized as follows: The residents highly desired the 'enrichment of service and clean hygiene of local food restaurants', 'active marketing', 'necessity of excavation and development at the present time', and 'development with regional unique characteristics' with regard to the development of the local food choices in Gyeongju, whereas they did not particularly desire 'excavation development of cooking that often is served at family event(birth, marriage, death etc..)', nor 'guidance and enlightenment for many citizens'. The most influential obstacle hindering the development of Gyeongju local food was 'administration support deficiency of connection group agency', followed by 'interest deficiency about local food of restaurant business managers and citizens, different taste of each restaurant', and 'tradition cooking itself is insufficient in Gyeongju'. The most reasonable development menu for native local foods of the Gyeongju area was 'mushroom & beef hot pot(beoseothanu-jeongol)', 'glutinous barley bread(chalborippang)', 'mushroom & bulgogi hot pot(beoseot-bulgogi-jeongol)', 'grilled beef(hanu-sutbul-gui)', and 'grilled minced beef ribs(hanu-tteok-galbi)' in that order. On the other hand, the excavation and development validity scores for 'black goat soup(heukyeomso-tang)', 'gulfweed soup(mojaban-guk)', and 'parboiled octopus(muneo-sukhoe)' were very low.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2021

The ML 5.8 earthquake shocked Gyeongju, Korea, at 11:32:55 UTC on September 12, 2016. One year later, on the afternoon of November 15, 2017, the ML 5.4 earthquake occurred in Pohang, South Korea. The earthquakes injured many residents, damaged buildings, and affected the economy of Gyeongju and Pohang. The damage proxy maps (DPMs) were generated from Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery by comparing pre- and co-events interferometric coherences to identify anomalous changes that indicate damaged by the earthquakes. DPMs manage to detect coherence loss in residential and commercial areas in both Gyeongju and Pohang earthquakes. We found that our results show a good correlation with the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) report with Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale values of more than VII (seven). The color scale of Sentinel-1 DPMs indicates an increasingly significant change in the area covered by the pixel, delineating collapsed walls and roofs from the official report. The resulting maps can be used to assess the distribution of seismic damage after the Gyeongju and Pohang earthquakes and can also be used as inventory data of damaged buildings to map seismic vulnerability using machine learning in Gyeongju or Pohang.

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국문화재보존과학회 2006년도 제24회 학술대회발표 논문집
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• pp.117-121
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• 2006

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.226-256
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• 2023

경주는 약 1,000여 년 간 신라의 수도였으며 시내에는 월성, 대릉원, 동궁과 월지 등 신라시대를 대표하는 유적들이 다수 분포한다. 이러한 특성으로 인해 일제강점기부터 광복 이후까지 지역에 소재한 유적의 유산화 과정이 진행되었다. 유산화는 과거의 산물을 현재의 필요에 따라 선정하여 유산으로 만드는 것을 의미한다. 한국의 경우 일제강점기에는 식민지배 정당화, 광복 이후에는 민족문화 중흥 및 국가적 정체성 형성이라는 목적 하에 국가 주도의 유산화가 이루어졌으며, 경주는 이것의 대표적인 사례이다. 경주의 유산화 과정에서 지역공동체는 주도적인 역할을 부여받지 못하고 수동적 위치에 머물렀다. 2000년 경주의 유산들은 '경주역사유적지구'라는 명칭으로 경주 시내와 남산 지역의 면 단위 세계유산 등재로 이어졌다. 세계유산 등재와 함께 유산에 대한 지역공동체의 역할에 대한 인식 전환이 이루어졌고, 이후 2004년 「고도보존에 관한 특별법」 제정을 시작으로 지역공동체의 참여를 증진하는 제도적 장치가 지속적으로 정비되고 있다. 하지만 중앙정부와 전문가 집단을 통해 진행된 경주의 유산화 과정은 경주 유산의 의미와 지역성이 이들을 통해 형성된 정체성이 부각되는 원인으로 작용하였다. 이는 현재까지 지역공동체가 소극적으로 유산화 과정 또는 유산 관리에 참여하게 되는 결과를 야기하였다. 본 연구는 이러한 경주의 유산화 과정을 문헌연구를 통해 분석하고 실제 경주에서 오랫동안 거주한 지역주민의 면접조사를 실시하여 제도적 유산화 과정이 주민들에게 미친 영향과 관계성을 파악하고자 하였다. 분석결과를 바탕으로 경주의 유산 관리에 지역공동체가 주도적으로 참여할 수 있는 방안을 제언하였다.