• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.236-240
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• 2013

A total of 170 litters (575 samples) of aborted and stillbirth fetuses submitted to the Gyeongsangbuk-Do Veterinary Service Laboratory (GVSL) between January 2006 and December 2010 from pig farms in Gyeongbuk province were studied to identify porcine abortion- and stillbirth-associated viruses such as Porcine parvovirus (PPV), Encephalomyocarditis Virus (EMCV), Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV), Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV), and Aujeszky's Disease Virus (ADV). Virus was not detected by PCR in 36 litters, but viral antibody was detected by HI and ELISA in 93 litters. The majority of etiological viruses were PPV (67 litters, 39.4%), EMCV (50 litters, 29.4%), PRRSV (15 litters, 8.8%), and JEV (11 litters, 6.5%); ADV was not detected by either PCR or ELISA. Single infection occurred in 52 litters (30.6%), co-infection occurred in 41 litters (24.1%), and unknown cases with no detection of any of the five viruses occurred in 77 litters (45.3%).

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.79-85
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• 2010

The aim of the study intends to investigate safety and health of injured firefighter in Gyeongbuk province and to provide the base data for the safety and health of firefighter. The results of the study are as follows. The injured firefighter are under more job stress than general's and the effect factor of stress are "lack of reward", "organizational system", "occupational climate" and "job insecurity". The injured firefighter receive more job stress than the average of korean man about "physical environment" and "occupational climate". The prevalence post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of injured firefighter using IES-R-K is 75 percent of the surveyed.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.167-172
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• 2009

The aim of study intends to investigate safety and health of injured firefighter in Gyeongbuk province and to provide the base data for the safety and health of firefighter. The results of the study are as follows. Type of activities when injured are surveyed extinguishing fire (42.5%), EMS (20.0%), rescue (12.5%), driving (10.0%) others (10.0%), education and training (5.0%). The firefighter injuries are treated in hospital (75%), operated surgery (62.5%) and disordered physically (25.0%). It was found that administration financial support (42.5%), development and propagation of teaching material (12.5%), the interest of chief (7.5%) were required for the safety and health of firefighter.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.81-84
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• 2004

Plant-parasitic nematodes were surveyed at peach orchards in Gyeongbuk province for three years from 2000 to 2002. Species, density, frequency, Simpson's index, Shannon and Wiener index, and prominence value were analyzed. Plant-parasitic nematodes were isolated from 97 orchards out of 124 orchards. More important plant-parasitic nematode genera on peach were Tylenchorhynchus nudus, Criconemoides informis, Paratylenchus elachistus, Pratylenchus vulnus, and Helicotylenchus digonichus. Aphelenchus sp., Tylenchus sp., Heterodera sp., Scutellonema sp. were found, but were not important. Root-knot nematodes were not found even though they were serious in foreign countried.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.75-86
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• 2002

Outbreaks from September 1999 to July 2000 of blackleg in 4 milking and fatting cattle farms in the vicinity of Munkyong(northwestern part of Gyeongbuk province) were investigated biochemical characteristics of isolates and were surveyed epidemiological works during the period of 2 months from August to September 2000. Clostridium chauvoei, the etiological agent of blackleg is a serious pathogen of cattle and sheep causing fever, depression and lameness with high mortality in growing phase of 6 to 18 months old mainly beef cattle. Biochemical and cultural properties of 4 isolated Cl chauvoei were identical to those of reported results and isolates were susceptible to ampicillin, bacitracin, chlorarnphenicol, cephalothin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, norfloxacin, penicillin, and tetracycline, while they were resistant to amikacin, colistin, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. In the results of epidemiological survey, outbreak farms that concentrated region of milking or fatting cattle in each sites were so close contact within a radius of about 1km that they are separated only by wire fence or shrub harrier and flies, rodents, wild cats and birds could have the chance to move around between those farms. The origin of the outbreak blackleg were uncertain, but the transmission between farms were mainly through the movement of farm personnel, vehicles which were struck the feces or manures from farm and other mechanical factors such as flies, rodents and birds furthermore occurred 4 farms were not vaccinated. In conclusion, a periodic disinfection, vaccination and quarantine prevention are ideal methods of damage reduction by blackleg.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.296-300
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• 2004

The rejection properties of 6 aromatic pesticides were evaluated by a continuous flow system equipped with a hollow fiber NF membrane. Different from the separation experiment of batch cell, the rejection and the removal could be calculated exactly because the concentration of feed, permeate and retentate was separately obtained. The lowest and the highest rejection were found in carbaryl(54.8%) and methoxychlor(99.2%), respectively, and the removals were always shown higher than rejections. This may be caused by some reasons such as the solute adsorption on the membrane, the variation of feed concentration. Although molecular weight, molecular width regarded as solute characteristics and log P(n-octanol/water partition coefficient) as hydrophobicity could be applied to explain the rejection property, these factors should be considered together for better analysis. According to the higher relationship between log B(solute permeability) and molecular weight, it was revealed that the solute separation with this membrane was influenced more by molecular weight.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.172-180
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the consumer characteristics in foodservice according to university students' lifestyles. The data were collected by the questionnaire survey of 520 university students from Daegu Gyeongbuk Province. The SPSS/Win 12.0 program was used to analyse the samples. The results are as follows: 1) Lifestyle was divided into 10 factors and 3 clusters, namely "Convenience Intention" (cluster I), "Health Information Intention" (cluster II), and "Gender Equality Intention" (cluster III). 2) The differences in general characteristics between the three clusters were founded on gender, frequency of visits, companion, information type, and the type of restaurant. 3) The characteristics of cluster I (Convenience Intention) are explained by it consisting of the group with low averages in consumer dissatisfaction, complaints, compensation, and repurchase intention, where as cluster II was the high average group and cluster III the middle average group. Based on these results, consumer characteristics in foodservice are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.139-146
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of pocine circovirus type 2(PCV2) infection and post-weaning multi systemic wasting syndrome(PMWS) of swine in Gyeongbuk province from June to December in 2003. Gyeongbuk Veterinary Service Laboratory had tested PCV1 and PCV2 by the PCR method against 210 infected pigs of 105 farms, which were requested diagnosis of disease and investigate compositive infections with bacterial disease. The following results were obtained; 1. Among 210 pigs, The pigs infected with PCV1 were 134(63.8%) heads and with PCV2 were 143(68.1%) heads. 2. Using PCR, the rate of PCV1 infection of 105 farms which were requested of diagnosis of disease is positive in 75(71.4%) farms and 78(74.3%) farms were positive in PCV2, and compositive infections of PCV1 and PCV2 were 75(71.4%) farms. 3. According to age of requested pig, the frequency of PCV infection rate was following, the pig under 4 weeks of age were 28.6% in PCV1 and PCV2, respectively, and the pig of 4-7 weeks of age were 58.6% in PCV1 and PCV2, respectively. The pig of 8-11 weeks of age were 73.1% in PCVl and 74.6% in PCV2, the pig of 12-18 weeks of age were 80.9% in PCV1 and 88.1% in PCV2. 4. In the distribution of compositive infection with bacterial disease related to PCV2 among requested samples, PCV2 infection was 39.7% in 78 cases, two kinds of compositive infection was 38.5%, three kinds of compositive infection was 18.1% and four kinds of complex infection was 3.9%.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.583-596
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• 2005

Samples of water, soil, and sediment were taken from 10 streams of Andong city in Gyeongbuk province in October 2004. To assess the degree of environmental pollution for each stream site, the chemical analyses of pollutants such as T-N, T-P, COD, heavy metal, organophosphorous and organochlorine pesticides, and dioxin-like PCB congeners were implemented using the standard process tests or the U. S. EPA methods. In addition, biological assessment using insect immune biomarkers was conducted on the same environmental samples to complement the chemical assessment. Except Waya stream (T-N; 2.91 mg/L, T-P; 0.16 mg/L, COD; 14.0 mg/L) with above the environmental quality standards, the T-P and COD concentrations of 9 sites are relatively low. The contents of Pb and Cd in samples taken from each stream were much lower than environmental quality standards. However, in comparison with soil samples of other streams, several times higher concentrations of Pb and Cd were found in locations at Mi, Gilan, Yeonha, and Waya stream sites. Dementon-S-methyl, diazinon, parathion, and phenthoate compounds among organophosphorous pesticides were detected as concentrations of ppb levels, respectively, from soil samples collected in the vicinity of Gilan, Mi, Norim, and Waya stream. On the other hand, 16 organochlorine pesticides and 12 dioxin-like PCB congeners selected in this study were not found in all samples. In particular, considering significant disrupting effects of Waya stream's samples on insect immune capacity, this stream seems to be contaminated with investigated and/or univestigated pollutants in this study.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.334-341
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the cause of cholera outbreak in Gyeongbuk province in 2001.90 strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor serotype Inaba were isolated from diarrheal patients. By multiplex-PCR, all of the isolated strains revealed positive for detection ctxA, hlyA and tcpA genes. There were DNA sequence difference of the cholera-toxin subunit A gene and subunit B gene between isolated V. cholerae O1 and the strain of GenBank. In analysis of PFGE patterns, all of the isolated strains were showed the same DNA fragments. We also collected plankton samples in the east coast of Gyeongbuk to isolate V. cholerae O1 and V. cholerae O139 from August to October 2002. The samples were examined to detect the rfb gene and cholera-toxin gene by multiplex-PCR. The cholera-toxin gene was detected and then we tried to isolate V. cholerae O1 and V. cholerae O139, but they were not isolated.