• 한국작물학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.368-374
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• 1985

생장조절물질인 GA, Kinetin 및 2,4-D를 농도별로 처리하여 출아 및 생육특성을 조사하므로서 출아에 필요한 장기 저온기간의 단축 가능성을 탐색하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 신아의 출아는 처리물질중 GA효과가 가장 컸으며 처리농도가 증가할수록 조기출아되어 출아기간이 단축되었고 출아율도 높았다. 2. GA처리는 지상부 생육을 크게 신장시켰으며 특히 경장 엽병장의 신장을 촉진시켰다. 3. GA 50ppm, 100ppm처리구는 근중을 크게 증가시켰다. 4. GA처리농도가 높을수록 조기에 지상부 생육이 완료되었다. 5. 뇌포제거구는 무제거구에 비하여 출아가 다소 빠른 경향이나 생육은 대체로 비슷하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.305-316
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• 1993

Stands profiles, yearly changes in growth of annual rings, age and diameter structure, and spatial distribution pattern of individuals in the Pinus densiflora stands around the Yeocheon industrial complex were investigated. Growth of annual ring in Pinus densiflora, which survived when vegetation of this area was damaged by air pollutants, was suppressed for about 10 years since 1974 when factories in this area began to operate, but since then such suppressed growth tended to be recovered. It was supposed that the suppresed growth was originated from air pollution and that improvement of growth since the suppressed period was due to the release from competition with them by death of neighbouring trees and the resuction of the amount of air pollutants. Physiognomy of Pinus densiflora stands showed mosaic pattern composed of different patches. Spatial distribution pattern of individuals an stand profiles were similar to those of Pinus densiflora stands regenerated after natural and artificial disturbances. In an age distribution diagram, age of Pinus densiflora population ranged from 1 to 33 years, Among these individuals were recrited corresponded to the suppresed period of growth of annual ring in Pinus densiflora survived when the vegetation was damaged by air pollution. On the other hand, from the result of analysis of frequency distribution diagram of diameter, it was postulated that even if whis Pinus densiflora community can be maintained as it is for the time being, it might be changed to Quercus community with the lapse of time.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2020

Energy and energy consumption play an important role in strategies for socio-economic development of the country. In 1995, Vietnam officially entered the 500 kV North-South transmission power line exploits, with a full length of 1,487 km. The purpose of this study is to investigate the breakpoint and the transition effect of energy consumption to economic growth in Vietnam during the period of 1980-1994, and 1995-2016. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach and the Bounds test are used to test for the presence of cointegration, whereas the Toda and Yamamoto procedure Granger causality test is used for the direction of causality. The result of the Bounds test validates the existence of cointegration among the included variables. The empirical results provide evidence that energy consumption has a positive impact on the economic growth of Vietnam in the long run. The causality test shows that there is bi-directional causality between energy consumption and economic growth, supported feedback hypothesis. There is a breakpoint in 1995 and the contribution of energy consumption in economic growth in the period of 1995-2016 is lower than the stage 1980-1994. This study suggests Government authorities explore new sources of energy to achieve sustainable economic development in the long run.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2008

Growth and reproduction of Palaemon serrifer were described and analyzed in a population inhabiting tide pools in warm temperate waters in Korea. The water temperature varied greatly in the tide pools, ranging from 8$^{\circ}C$ to 27.8$^{\circ}C$ Population structure and growth were investigated using size frequency distribution data collected from January to December 2003. Sex ratios fluctuated, but were almost equal during the breeding period. Growth was continuous and size increased gradually throughout the year. Adult females were larger and grew faster than males. von Bertalanffy growth parameters for a one-year sample of females and males were estimated as $L_{i\ddot{A}}$ = 11.32, K = 0.311, $t_0$ = -0.4115 and $L_{i\ddot{A}}$ = 8.36, K = 0.228, $t_0$ = -0.9693 respectively. Breeding was seasonal, starting in May, peaking in August, and finishing by the end of August. The species showed continuous production of successive broods. Laboratory observation showed that females with embryos near hatching had ovaries filled with vitellogenic oocytes ready for spawning. The reproductive output (effort) of each female (mean number of eggs: $552{\sim}1355$) was not high. The mean embryo volume, $0.078mm^3$, is relatively small, indicative of low energy allocation to each embryo. Recruitment of juveniles was closely linked to the breeding period, beginning in September.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.73-77
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• 2005

Plant-derived natural products have been and will continue to be valuable sources. Elicitors have been employed to modify cell metabolism in order to enhance the productivity of useful metabolites in plant cell/tissue cultures. In this study, several elicitors were used to improve the productivity of useful metabolites and to reduce culture time for archiving high concentration in P. ginseng hairy root cultures. The addition of chitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide and alginate oligosaccharide to the culture of P. ginseng hairy roots caused growth to be inhibited with the increase in elicitor concentration. The usage of the chitosan elicitor and D-glucosamine caused a slight decrease in hairy root growth, whereas total ginseng saponin accumulated slightly with the increase in elicitor concentration. When gel beads were added to the culture medium at the initial period, hairy root growth was enhanced. The maximum growth was 1.35 times higher than that of the control at $1\%$ (w/v). Total ginseng saponin content decreased due to the addition of alginate beads. This would result in consistent diffusion of lower levels of calcium ions during the culture period that promotes biomass growth.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권11호
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• pp.325-332
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• 2021

Foreign capital inflows play an essential role in each country's socio-economic growth, particularly for undeveloped and developing countries where capital accumulation is limited in the early stages of development, and Vietnam is no exception. The purpose of this article is to examine the impact of foreign capital inflows on economic growth in Vietnam. The empirical method employed secondary time-series data set during the period 1995-2018 to determine the impact of FDI, foreign aid, foreign loans, and exports on economic growth in Vietnam by using a linear approach. For this study, data was collected from the World Bank and relevant agencies in Vietnam. The results show that FDI (net inflows), foreign aid, foreign loans, exports, and GDP (current), have a positive effect at a 1% significance level on economic growth. Rather, an increase in FDI (net inflows), foreign aid, foreign loans, exports has beneficial effects on the Vietnamese economy in the study period. Based on the findings of this study, the article proposes several important policy implications for Vietnam in maintaining a high rate of economic growth via the contribution of FDI inflows, foreign aid, foreign loans, and exports.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.1752-1756
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• 2011

This study was conducted to explore the effects of squid ink on growth performance, immune functions and antioxidant ability of broiler chickens during a period of six weeks. Either sex Arbor Acres broilers were equally allotted to 4 groups with 3 replicates of 20 chickens each. Broilers diets for the 4 test groups were prepared separately with starter and finisher phases. Control chickens were fed with basal diet and birds of group Exp 2, Exp 4 and Exp 6 were fed with the basal diet supplemented with 2%, 4% and 6% of squid ink, respectively. Broilers were sacrificed to investigate antioxidant parameters of sera, indices of thymus, spleen and bursa of fabricius and spleen lymphocyte proliferation, as well as growth performance on the $21^{th}$ and $42^{th}$ day. The results revealed that, i) squid ink promoted growth performance of broilers during days 22 to 42 and the whole trial period (p<0.05 or p<0.01); ii) squid ink elevated relative weight of the three immune organs during the starter phase and spleen lymphocyte proliferation throughout the experiment (p<0.05); iii) squid ink increased SOD activity and decreased MDA level in sera from broilers during the whole period (p<0.05). The above results suggest that squid ink could improve growth performance, antioxidant ability and immune functions of growing broiler chickens and be employed in the development of feed additives for animals.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 1999

굴의 육중량 변화는 수온과 chlorophyll에 의해 지배되지만, chlorophyll 양이 일정량 이상이 되면 이러한 경향은 다소 감소하였다. 수온에 따른 굴의 성장은 수온 하강 초기에는 강한 역상관 관계를 나타내었지만, 적정 수온이하로 하강하게 되면 상관관계가 다소 낮아졌다. 각 수하시기에 따른 육중량 성장식을 6월은 3차 방정식의 성장곡선이 나타났고, 7, 8월에 수하한 경우 지수형 곡선을 나타내었다. 그러나 9-11월의 경우 정량적인 성장을 하는 일차방정식의 성장패턴을 나타내었다. 성장 방정식으로부터 각 수하시기에 따라 목표중량 5 g까지 성장하는데 소요되는 기간을 계산하면 9월이 123일로 가장 성장이 빨랐고, 8월이 220일로 가장 오랜 기간이 소요되었다. 굴 종패의 수하적기는 수온상승기 말기부터 수온하강기 초기인 8월말부터 9월 중순 사이가 적당한 시기로 추정되고, 상품크기 5 g까지 성장하는데 평균 4-5개월이 소요되며, 이 시기는 12-1월경에 해당한다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.136-144
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• 2020

Hemifacial microsomia (HFM) patients may experience emotional withdrawal during their growth period due to their abnormal facial appearance. Distraction osteogenesis at an early age to improve their appearance can encourage these patients. Some abnormalities of the affected side can be overcome by distraction osteogenesis at an early age. However, differences in the growth rate between the affected and unaffected sides during the rest of the growth period are inevitable due to the characteristics of HFM. Therefore, re-evaluation should be performed after completion of growth in order to achieve stable occlusion through either orthognathic surgery or camouflage orthodontic treatment. An eight-year-old patient visited the clinic exhibiting features of HFM with slight mandibular involvement. He received phase I treatment with distraction osteogenesis and a functional appliance. Distraction osteogenesis was performed at the right ramus, which resulted in an open bite at the right posterior dentition. After distraction osteogenesis, a functional appliance and partial fixed appliance were used to achieve extrusion of the affected posterior dentition and settlement of the occlusion adjustment on the unaffected posterior dentition. The patient visited the clinic regularly for follow-up assessments, and at the age of 20 years, he showed facial asymmetry of the mandible, which had deviated to the right side. He received orthodontic treatment to improve the occlusion of his posterior dentition after the growth period. Without orthognathic surgery, stable occlusion and a satisfactory facial appearance were obtained through camouflage orthodontic treatment.

• 화훼연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.266-270
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• 2009

깽깽이풀의 임의 개회조절을 목적으로 입실시기, 저온처리 등이 맹아, 생장 및 개화 등에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 입실시기에 따라서는 8월 20일부터 12월 20일까지 입실한 묘는 모두 맹아가 되지 않았다. 그러나 1월 20일과 2월 20일에 입실한 묘는 모두 맹아되어 개화되었다. 저온처리 개시시기와 처리기간이 깽깽이풀의 생장과 개화에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과는 8월 고온기에는 60일간의 저온을 받게 되면 맹아하여 개화하였다. 그러나 9월 20일 이후에는 30일간의 저온처리만으로도 거의 전개체가 맹아하여 개화하였다. 이미 저온처리를 한번 받아 휴면이 타파된 주를 재차 저온처리를 하여 2차 개화를 유도한 결과, 실험에 사용된 전 개체 모두 재맹아하였고 이중 70%인 7개체가 개화가 되었다.