• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.73-78
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• 2004

The impact of low concentration fluoride on toxification was studied by treating $3^rd$ instar silkworm larvae of Qiufeng${\times}$Baiyu (Fluoride resistant strain) and Jinshong${\times}$Haoyue (Fluoride sensitive strain). The $5^th$ instar silkworm larvae of Zhenong-l, Shu-12, Qiufeng ${\times}$ Baiyu, Chunhua ${\times}$ Qhiushi, Jinshong and Haoyue were fed mulberry leaves treated with sodium fluoride at different concentrations to determine its effect on fecundity. Harmful effects of low concentration fluoride at early instars on growth, development and economic characters of Bombyx mori are related to its resistance. Harmful effect on resistant strain Qiufeng${\times}$Baiyu manifested on prolongation of instar duration of 15 and 6% in 70 ppm, where as the sensitive breed Jinshong${\times}$Haoyue manifested with 100% mortality in 50 ppm. The impact of low concentration fluoride on fecundity resulted in considerable increase in formed eggs (9%) and laid eggs (9%) in Zhenong-l and Shu-12 among treated population over control. The present observations emphasis that fluoride apart from exhibiting harmful effects on silkworm growth and development, however, its low concentration do playa vital role in inducing some positive effect on fecundity and cocoon traits.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.491-496
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• 2014

A total of six specimens (57.03-100.72 mm in standard length) belonging to the family Diodontidae were collected around Jeju Island, Korea between July and August 2013. On the Basis of morphological and molecular analyses, we identified the specimens as Cyclichthys orbicularis (Bloch, 1785), a new record to the Korean fish fauna. Morphologically, the species is characterized by nine caudal fin rays, immovable spines on the head and body except the caudal peduncle, and small black spots dorsally. Some morphometric characters changed disproportionately with growth, which was a new finding. Caudal peduncle length, body width and preanus length to standard length tend to grow at a rate different from that of overall growth. When the 601 base pairs of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences of our specimens were compared with those of other diodontid fishes, our specimens clustered tightly around C. orbicularis (d = 0.000-0.002) in an NJ tree, with a high bootstrap value (99%). We herein describe the morphological and molecular traits of the specimens, and propose a new Korean name, "gud-ga-si-bok-sok" for the genus Cyclichthys, and "dung-geun-gud-ga-si-bok" for C. orbicularis.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2001

3차원 캐릭터 애니메이션은 컴퓨터 그래픽과 소프트웨어의 기술적인 발전에 힘입어 큰 성장을 맞이하게 되었으며, 영화, 광고, 애니메이션, 게임, 영상물 제작은 물론 여러 분야에서 3차원 캐릭터 애니메이션은 중요한 위치를 차지하게 되었다. 특히, 가상아이 돌 등장으로 3차원 캐릭터 애니메이션의 나아갈 방향을 제시함은 물론 상업적 측면에서 다른 매체의 상호작용을 함으로써 팬시, 테마파크 산업 등에 큰 시너지 효과를 창출시킬 수 있다. 본 내용은 3차원 캐릭터 애니메이션에 관련된 컴퓨터 그래픽 기술과 만화영화, PC게임, 영화, 가상아이돌, 리얼타임 퍼포먼스 등 산업현황을 살펴보고 문제점과 개선방향을 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.64-67
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• 2001

Snap bean is a new corp in Korea but believed to have a great deal of potentials for both domestic and overseas markets. The present study was performed to obtain the basic information about growth- and quality-related characteristics and to determinate the optimum seeding date and harvesting time for snap bean. Pod yield was significantly affected by seeding date. The highest pod yield was obtained from March 20 for determinate type and April 4 for indeterminate one, respectively, with the range of 13.0-23.7 t/ha. The pod length of indeterminate type was over 13cm, and the pod length was over 5 grams. The pod width for tested varieties was less than 1.0cm. Considering the pod growth characters such as pod length, pod width, and pod weight, the optimum harvesting time for immature pods of snap bean was supposed to be from 15 to 20 days after flowering. The daily yield of snap bean was begun to sharply increase from 15 days after the first flowering and the maximum yield was recorded at 30 days after flowering. For the accumulated yield, nearly 90% of total yield was obtained in 42 days after flowering.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2011

Thirty five isolates of Trichoderma species collected from seven different locations of Bangladesh were studied for morphological characters and molecular variation. Mycelial diameters of the isolates varied from 8.28 cm to 9.00 cm. Based on colony colour, isolates were grouped into five such as dark green, green, light green, yellowish green and whitish green. Maximum isolates were green and light green. On the basis of growth habit and colony consistency, the isolates were categorized into three groups, in which most species had fast growth and were compact in appearance. PCR-based Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique employing 3 decamer primers produced 36 scorable bands of which all (100%) were polymorphic. The co-efficient of gene differentiation (Gst) was 1.0000 reflecting the existence of high level of genetic diversity among the isolates. The Unweighted Pair Group Method of Arithmetic Means (UPGMA) dendrogram constructed from Nei's (1972) genetic distance produced 2 main clusters (13 isolates in cluster 1 and 22 isolates in cluster 2). The result indicating their genetic diversity has opened new possibility of using the most efficient and more isolates of Trichoderma in the preparation of biopesticide and decomposition of municipality waste.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.177-182
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• 2015

The boiler tubes of X20CrMoV12.1 used in fossil-fired power plants were obtained and analyzed for the effect of water treatment on the steam corrosion-induced oxide scale in an effort to better understand the oxide formation mechanism, as well as pertinent method of maintenance and lifetime extension. The specimens were analyzed using various microscopy and microanalysis techniques, with focuses on the effect of water treatment on the characters of scale. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the scales of specimens were composed of hematite ($Fe_2O_3$), magnetite ($Fe_3O_4$), and chromite ($FeCr_2O_4$). Electron backscatter diffraction analysis showed that the oxides were present in the following order on the matrix: outer $Fe_2O_3$, intermediate $Fe_3O_4$, and inner $FeCr_2O_4$. After all volatile treatment or oxygenated treatment, a dense protective $Fe_2O_3$ layer was formed on the $Fe_3O_4$ layer of the specimen, retarding further progression of corrosion.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.388-391
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• 2003

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), TMV-common strain, causes severe damage at growth, yield and leaf quality on flue-cured tobacco in Korea. Controlling TMV outbreak with cultivating practices and chemicals are limited, thus, the best way would be developing TMV resistant variety. A new flue-cured hybrid, KF118, was developed from a cross of maternal parent MSTC175 and TC853 at the Agro-tech. Research Group, KT＆G Central Research Institute. KF118 exhibited more vigorous growth characteristics in early stage than that of NC82, standard variety in Korea, while other characters were favorable to those of NC82, It is highly resistant to TMV and bacterial wilt(Ral-stonia solanacerum), and black shank(phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae) is comparable to that of NC82. It should adapt well to the flue-cured production area, and can reduce premature flowering under unfavorable weather conditions. Yield of KF118 is 1 to 2% higher, and leaf quality is 4% higher than NC82. Fl hybrid, KF118, met acceptable standards for chemical and physical characteristics of cured leaf, and ranked high in good smoking taste by panel members in KT＆G.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.78-83
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• 2013

The excessive and indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers in the past has brought serious soil and other environmental problems so alternatives over this agrochemical are being searched. Our study focuses on the effects of expanded rice hull inoculated with selected beneficial microorganisms on growth (through agronomic characters), yield and yield components, and grain quality indices of rice. Results showed that favorable effects of different expanded rice hull preparations were not readily apparent at vegetative stage and only treatments with supplemental chemical fertilizer application were comparable with the conventional practice. Expanded rice hull combined with 50% rate of chemical fertilizer exhibited a significantly higher yield (6,471 kg $ha^{-1}$) over conventional practice (5,719 kg $ha^{-1}$). Good milling quality indices were observed in treatments having 50% chemical fertilizers plus alternatives from expanded rice hull. Finally, we demonstrated that chemical fertilizer rate can potentially be reduced into 50% if combined with expanded rice hull, and show even better output than chemical fertilizer alone.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.173-185
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• 1995

Hydroseeding technique is a very popular method of revegetating slope areas through the control of soil erosion and stability by seeding grasses. This study was conducted to select turfgrass species and cultivars for hydroseeding. Experiment plots were established on various soil types and environmental conditions at Singar-Ansan high-way construction site. The investigation was designed in three cutting, one back-filling and other three spare sites with various seed mixtures. Results indicated that combinations of seed mixtures influenced seed germination and rates of surface cover. In a view of long term, vegetation shifts should be influenced by characters of slopes and micro-climate conditions. Hydroseeding did not show good results on rocky slope areas. Revegetation was only going on where there had soil. The combination of seed mixture with a higher rate of perennial ryegrass had relatively good revegetation with faster germination and seedling growth. Improved turf-type tall fescue Arid ⓡ and Falcon ⓡ seemed to have good environ-mental adaptation and drought tolerance. Wild or old type cultivars showed relatively slow green-up in spring and growth rates at the next year of seeding. For the harmonious landscaping with surrounding area, the combination of native grass mixture with cool-season grasses had good results. Slow and low revegetation rate at hack-filling site seemed to be caused by the poor development of capillary tubes in sub-soil. It was shown that a high correlation between seed germination and revegetation rate, and between three-month later coverage rate and final rate. The evaluation of coverage rate after three month seems to he acceptable to decide the accomplishment of hydroseeding results on rode side slopes.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.5-12
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• 1993

This experiment was conducted to study on the morphological change and growth retardation of Korean Lawograss (Zoysia japonica Steud.) under various shading degrees. Dada of plant height, No. of tiller, No. of stolon, No. of rhizome and fresh weight were measured on the l47days after transplanting in 1991. The results are summarized as follows. Plant height was increased at 30% shading degree or over, Maximum plant height was observed at 60% shadeing degree which was 24.2 cm. while full sunlight(control) was most shorted as 10.1 cm. Plant height rapidly was increased as to shading degree increase. The decreasing rate was lower in tiller number and stolon number(top parts of plant) compared with the rhizome number(under ground part) was severely decreased at 30% to 60% of shading. To increase the shading degree, rhizome number was most severely decreased under shading degrees. As degree of shading increase to 30%, 60% and 90%, fresh weight decrease to 66%, 44%, 22% to full sunlight, respectively. Relative growth retadation of Korean lawngrass was decreased by the order of number of rhizome, fresh weight, number of tiller, number of stolon. And these characters were highly significant accord-ing to the different shading degrees.