• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.247-252
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• 2013

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of supplementing various concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300, or 400 ${\mu}g/kg$ diet) of organic Se on growth performance, carcass traits, oxidative stress, and immune responses in commercial broiler chickens reared in open-sided poultry house under tropical climatic conditions. Each diet was fed ad libitum to eight replicates consisting of six birds in each pen from 1 to 42 d of age. Body weight gain and feed efficiency, and relative weight of liver, abdominal fat and ready to cook yields were not affected (p>0.05) by organic Se supplementation to broiler diets. Lipid peroxidation in plasma decreased, while activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in plasma increased (p<0.01) linearly with Se concentration in diet. The ratios between heterophyls and lymphocytes and relative weight of lymphoid organs (bursa, spleen, and thymus), and antibody production to Newcastle disease vaccination were not affected (p>0.05) by Se supplementation to broiler diets. However, the cell-mediated immunity (lymphocyte proliferation ratio) increased (p<0.01) linearly with dietary Se concentration. The results of the present study indicate that the supplementation of Se did not influence body weight and feed efficiency. However, supplementation of Se increased antioxidant status and lymphocyte proliferation in broiler chickens.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2011

본 연구는 솔잎 토착미생물을 이용하여 제조된 발효사료 급여가 돼지의 성장, 혈액성상, 도체형질 및 경제성에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 실시하였다. 평균 체중 75kg인 3원교잡종 (Landrance${\times}$Yorkshire${\times}$Duroc) 180두를 공시하여 돈방 당 15두씩 시험구당 3반복으로 실시하였다. 발효사료는 원료 사료와 미생물을 혼합 후 혐기적 상태로 10일간 발효시켰으며, 양돈용 사료에 0 (대조구, CON), 3 (T1), 5 (T2) 및 10% (T3)로 대체하여, 42일간 급여 후 도축하였다. 발효사료의 조단백질 함량은 발효 후가 발효 전보다 높았지만 (p<0.05), 조섬유 함량과 pH는 낮았다 (p<0.05). 돼지의 혈중 Hemoglobin 함량은 T3구가 대조구에 비해 높았고 (p<0.05), Hematocrit 함량은 대조구와 T1구가 T2구와 T3구에 비해 높았고 (p<0.05), Platelet 함량은 T1구가 T2구와 T3구에 비해 높았다 (p<0.05). 대조구의 혈중 total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol 및 Triglycerides 함량은 발효사료를 대체한 모든 시험구에 비해 높았으나 (p<0.05), HDL-cholesterol 함량은 적었다 (p<0.05). 지육중량과 지육율은 T1구와 T3구가 대조구와 T2구에 비해 높았으며 (p<0.05), 등지방 두께는 T1구와 T2구가 T3구에서 비해 낮았다 (p<0.05). 육 등급은 발효사료를 대체한 모든 시험구가 대조구에 비해 개선되었으며 (p<0.05), kg 증체당 사료비는 발효사료를 급여했을 때 약 2-6% 적었다. 따라서 솔잎 토착미생물을 이용하여 제조한 발효사료의 급여는 돼지의 건강과 육 등급 개선 및 사료비 절감에 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.1701-1707
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• 2005

This study deals with the characterization of porcine PIK3C3 and association tests with quantitative traits. PIK3C3 belongs to the class 3 PI3Ks that participate in the regulation of hepatic glucose output, glycogen synthase, and antilipolysis in typical insulin target cells such as those in the such as liver, muscle system, and fat. On the analysis of full-length mRNA sequence, the length of the PIK3C3 CDS was recorded as 2,664 bps. As well, nucleotide and amino acid identities between human and pig subjects were 92% and 99%, respectively. Five SNPs were detected over 5 exons. We performed genotyping by using a SNP C2604T on exon24 for 145 F$_2$ animals (from a cross between Korean native boars and Landrace sows) by PCR-RFLP analysis with Hpy8I used to investigate the relationship between growth and fat depot traits. In the total association analysis, which doesn' consider transmission disequilibrium, the SNP showed a significant effect (p<0.05) on body weight and carcass fat at 30 weeks of age as well as a highly significant effect (p<0.01) on back fat. In an additional sib-pair analysis, C allele still showed positive and significant effects (p<0.05) on back fat thickness and carcass fat. Moreover, the effects of C allele on the means of within-family components for carcass fat and back fat were estimated as 2.76 kg and 5.07 mm, respectively. As a result, the SNP of porcine PIK3C3 discovered in this study could be utilized as a possible genetic marker for the selection of pigs that possess low levels of back fat and carcass fat at the slaughter weight.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.1556-1565
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• 2022

Objective: Tan lambs (n = 36, 3 mo old, 19.1±0.53 kg) were used to assess effects of dietary guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) and rumen-protected methionine (RPM) on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and serum parameters. Methods: Lambs were randomly assigned to three treatment groups, with 6 pens per group and 2 lambs per pen. Dietary treatments were: basal diet alone (I); basal diet supplemented with 0.08% GAA+0.06% RPM (II); and basal diet supplemented with 0.08% GAA+0.08% RPM (III). Diets were provided three times a day for 90 d. Intake per pen was recorded daily and individual lamb body weight (BW) was measured monthly. Carcass traits were measured after slaughter and meat quality at the end of the experiment, blood samples were taken on a subgroup of lambs for analysis of indicators mostly related to protein metabolism. Results: Final BW and average daily gain for the first and second month, and for the entire experiment were greater in Treatment II compared to Treatment I (p<0.05), whereas feed to gain ratio was lower (p<0.05). Treatment II had the optimal dressing percentage and net meat weight proportion, as well as crude protein and intramuscular fat concentrations in muscles. Treatment II improved meat quality, as indicated by the greater water holding capacity, pH after 45 min and 48 h, and lower shear force and cooking loss. Dietary supplementation of GAA and RPM also increased the meat color a^* and b^* values at 24 h. Finally, Treatment II increased total protein, and serum concentrations of albumin and creatinine, but decreased serum urea nitrogen concentrations, indicating improved protein efficiency. Conclusion: In this study, 0.08% GAA+0.06% RPM supplementation improved growth performance and meat quality of Tan lambs.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.255-261
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• 2020

본 실험은 국내와 유럽에서 비육돈 생산 시 종료웅돈으로 이용되는 품종과 이를 활용한 교잡돈의 성장, 체형형질 및 도체 부분육 생산량을 알아보기 위해 수행하였다. 본 실험을 위해 산육형질 분석은 D(Duroc) 147두, DPP(Duroc×Pietrain×Pietrain) 101두, 도체 부분육 생산량 분석은 D, DPP 각각 16두를 사용하였다. 실험결과 등지방두께는 DPP는 12.69±3.25 mm, D는 14.07±0.24 mm로 높은 유의적 차이를 보였고, 일일사료섭취량은 DPP는 1,909 g, D는 2,101 g으로 조사되었다(p<0.001). 체고, 흉심, 흉폭은 D가 DPP에 비해 높은 유의적 차이를 보였지만(p<0.001), 체장은 비슷하게 조사되었다. D의 도체 부분육 생산량 비중은 후지, 삽겹살, 전지 순서였고, 각각 31.17, 23.40 및 16.54%를 차지하였으며, DPP의 도체 부분육 생산량 비중은 각각 33.43, 19.55 및 16.87%를 차지하였다. 부위별 도체 부분육 생산량 비율 차이를 살펴보면, 후지는 DPP 33.43%, D 31.17%로 2.26% P 차이를 보인 반면, 삼겹살은 D 23.40%, DPP 19.55% 로 3.85% P 차이를 보였다. 따라서 DPP는 D 보다 사료효율이 우수하고, 최근 건강을 생각하는 소비자들의 선호도가 높은 저지방 부위의 생산 증대 효과를 기대할 수 있다고 판단된다. 이러한 각각 품종의 특성은 우수한 품종개발에 기초자료로써 활용 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.1510-1518
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• 2010

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of lighting schedule and nutrient density on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of broiler chickens. A total of 576 day old Arbor Acre male chickens was used with a $4{\times}2$ factorial arrangement. The four lighting schedules were continuous (23 L:1 D, CL), 20 L:4 D (12 L:2 D:8 L:2 D), 16 L:8 D (12 L:3 D:2 L:3 D: 2 L:2 D) and 12 L:12 D (9 L:3 D:1 L:3 D:1 L:3 D:1 L:3 D) and provided by incandescent bulbs. The two nutrient densities were high (H, starter diet: 13.39 MJ/kg apparent metabolisable energy (AME), 23.00% crude protein (CP); finisher diet: 13.39 MJ AME/kg, 19.70% CP) and low energy and protein level (L, starter diet: 12.03 MJ AME/kg, 20.80% CP; finisher diet: 12.14 MJ AME/kg, 18.30% CP). Houses with dark curtains and solid sidewalls were used. Chickens were randomly allocated to the 8 treatments with each treatment comprising 6 replicates of 12 chickens. Feed and water were available ad libitum. Lighting schedules showed no difference (p>0.05) in growth performance at the end of the experiment. 12 L:12 D significantly reduced (p<0.05) the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to 23 L:1 D treatment. Intermittent lighting (IL) schedules produced higher protein content (p<0.001) in breast meat. Birds on high density diets had higher body weight (BW), feed intake (FI) (p<0.001), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p<0.001) throughout the experiment with the exception of 36 to 42 d. High nutrient density increased (p<0.05) abdominal fat, decreased (p<0.05) the moisture loss of meat, and reduced percentage of wings and legs. There was a significant lighting schedule${\times}$diet interaction (p<0.001) on FCR for days 8 to 14 and 15 to 21. Results indicated that IL can give similar growth performance in comparison with CL, meanwhile with positive effects on meat quality by increasing protein content and decreasing the concentration of MDA. High nutrient density resulted in greater growth performance.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.680-691
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• 2021

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) on growth performance, carcass traits, and fat deposition in white-feather broiler chickens. Methods: A total of 480 male one-day-old white-feather broiler chickens were selected randomly and divided into four groups with six replicates of 20 chickens in each. The experimental chickens were fed diets including 3%, 6%, or 9% FCSM fermented by Candida tropicalis until 42 days old. In the experiment, the chickens of the control group were fed soybean meal. Results: FCSM supplementation linearly decreased the feed conversion ratio from d 15 to 21 and d 36 to 42, respectively (p<0.05). The percentage of carcass and semi-eviscerate increased in response to dietary FCSM supplementation at d 21 (p<0.05). The percentage of eviscerated and semi-eviscerate of 3FCSM was higher than that in other groups at d 35 (p<0.05). At the age of 42 d, the percentage of carcass increased in a quadratic way among increasing FCSM in diets (p<0.05). The subcutaneous fat thickness linearly decreased with the increasing levels of FCSM at d 21 (p<0.05). Gompertz and Logistic functions provided a better fit on abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat, respectively. The best fitted equation predicted that the maximum growth rate of abdominal fat weight and subcutaneous fat thickness occurred at d 28. FCSM had no significant effects on the shape of growth curve of abdominal fat weight and subcutaneous fat thickness, but reduced the height of the curve. Birds receiving the 6FCSM diet for 21 d had smaller adipocyte surface and lower serum glucose as well as triglyceride concentration. Conclusion: FCSM is beneficial for broiler chickens as it positively affects their growth and carcass in addition to altering their fat deposition.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.1350-1353
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• 2004

To further investigate the regions on porcine chromosome 7 that are responsible for economically important traits, phenotypic data from a total of 287 F2 individuals were collected and analyzed from 1998 to 2000. All animals were genotyped for eight microsatellite loci spanning the length of chromosome 7. QTL analysis was performed using interval mapping under the line-cross model. A permutation test was used to establish significance levels associated with QTL effects. Observed QTL effects were (chromosomewide significance, position of maximum significance in centimorgans): Birth weight (<0.01, 3); Carcass length (<0.05, 80); Longissimus muscle area (<0.01, 69); Skin percentage (<0.01, 69); Bone percentage (<0.01, 74); Fat depths at shoulder (<0.05, 54);Mean fat depth (<0.05, 81); Moisture in m. Longissimus Dorsi (<0.05, 88). Additional evidence was also found which suggested QTL for dressing percentage and fat depths at buttock. This study offers confirmation of several QTL affecting growth and carcass traits on SSC7 and provides an important step in the search for the actual major genes involved in the traits of economic interest.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.1914-1922
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• 2019

Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of stocking density and alphalipoic acid (ALA) on the growth performance, feed utilization, carcass traits, antioxidative ability and immune response of broilers. Methods: A total of 1,530 22-day-old male broilers (Arbor Acres) with comparable body weights ($731.92{\pm}5.26$) were placed into 18 cages ($2.46{\times}2.02m$) in groups of 75 birds ($15birds/m^2$, $37.5kg/m^2$; low stocking density [LD]), 90 birds ($18birds/m^2$, $45.0kg/m^2$; high stocking density [HD]) and 90 birds with 300 mg/kg ALA added to the basal diet ($18birds/m^2$, $45.0kg/m^2$; HD+ALA, high stocking density+${\alpha}$-lipoic acid); each treatment was represented by 6 replicates. The experimental period was 3 weeks. Results: The results showed that the high stocking density regimen resulted in a decreased growth, feed conversion ratio, carcass weight, thigh yield and bursa weight relative to body weight (p<0.05) on d 42. The abdominal fat yield in the HD+ALA group was lower (p = 0.031) than that of the LD group at 42 d. The superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in serum were increased, and malondialdehyde content decreased after adding ALA product (p<0.05) on d 42. Additionally, the serum concentrations of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG were decreased (p<0.05) and the level of diamine oxidase was higher (p<0.01) in the HD group on d 42. Conclusion: The high stocking density significantly decreased broiler growth performance, feed utilization and carcass traits, increased physiological and oxidative stress and induced intestinal mucosal injury. The supplementation of ALA product in broiler diet at 300 mg/kg may reduce the adverse effects of high stocking density-mediated stress by maintaining the antioxidant system and humoral immune system.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.1169-1173
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• 2007

The protein encoded by SLC27A2 gene is an isozyme of long-chain fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase family, and it converts free long-chain fatty acids into fatty acyl-CoA esters, and thereby plays a key role in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid degradation. In the present study, SLC27A2 located on human chromosome 15 was selected as candidate gene and we isolated and cloned partial fragments of mRNA sequence and genomic fragments of porcine SLC27A2 gene. The coding region of the gene as determined by alignments shared 90% and 82% identity with human and mouse cDNAs, respectively. Detection in LargeWhite and Meishan breeds showed that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ($A{\rightarrow}G$) existed in exon 7, which caused corresponding amino acid changed for encoding. In LargeWhite pigs it encoded for Val while in Meishan pigs it encoded for Ile, so we developed the PCR-RFLP genotype method for detection of this polymorphism. Association study in 135 $F_2$ reference family indicated that significant correlation existed between the polymorphism and growth and carcass traits.