• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.617-624
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• 2007

Insulin-like growth factor(IGF) is the most abundant growth factor in bone matrix. Recent studies have shown that it can sensitize apoptotic cell death of osteoblasts. Thus, this study investigated whether IGF-II aggravates irradiation-induced cell death of osteoblasts. Cultured MC3T3 osteoblasts were irradiated and IGF-II was added at the concentration of 50 ng/ml immediately after the irradiation. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Changes in cell death and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of proapoptotic gene bax and antiapoptotic gene bcl-2 was quantified by real time RT-PCR and Western blot. A dose of 30 Gy caused G2/M arrest and increased cell death through both necrosis and apoptosis, while irradiation from 4 to 10 Gy little affected cell cycle and death. IGF-II treatment reduced cell viability without stimulating cell proliferation and changing cell cycle. Combined treatment of IGF-II with irradiation decreased cell viability and proliferation and increased cell death along with G2/M arrest. These effects were not different from those of irradiation only. At transcriptional and protein levels, IGF-II treatment did not affect bax and bcl-2 expression, whereas irradiation increased the expression ofbax without changes in bcl-2. IGF-II in combination with irradiation showed similar findings. These results suggest that IGF-II could modulate apoptotic cell death through mechanisms other than an imbalance between bax and bcl-2 gene expression, although its effect was overridden by irradiation.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.75-82
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• 2016

Although Korea's economic and domestic automobile market through the change of road environment are growth, the traffic accident rate has also increased, and the casualties is at a serious level. For this reason, the government is establishing and promoting policies to open traffic accident data and solve problems. In this paper, describe the method of predicting traffic accidents by eliminating the class imbalance using the traffic accident data and constructing the Hybrid Model. Using the original traffic accident data and the sampled data as learning data which use FP-Growth algorithm it learn patterns associated with traffic accident injury severity. Accordingly, In this paper purpose a method for predicting the severity of a victim of a traffic accident by analyzing the association patterns of two learning data, we can extract the same related patterns, when a decision tree and multinomial logistic regression analysis are performed, a hybrid model is constructed by assigning weights to related attributes.

• IE interfaces
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.79-96
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• 1989

Abundant hard-working and well-educated human resources were the important sources of the spectacular economic success during the last decades. In contrast to the past sources of economic growth during the 1970's when labor and capital along with economies of scale were the dominant factors (the university has played an important role in the national economic success by supplying quality labour and intellectual talent.), the level of science, technological innovation and capital inputs will be of vital importance for future economic growth in Korea. The balance of payments in technology transfer together with the current state of R & D activities has been reviewed and some of the issues and problems underlying the university system that tend to hinder research in collaboration with research institutes and industries have been outlined. Serious imbalance in the allocation of research funds among research sectors was identified as the most serious problem to be fixed. The importance of science and technology education in private universities for the enhancement of the national level of science and technology has been re-examined. Also research and development in engineering and technical services has been emphasized. In conclusion, ways to bolster the role of universities in the research environment in cooperation with industry and research institutes have been suggested.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.4745-4751
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• 2014

Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance in the redox status of the body. In such a state, increase of free radicals in the body can lead to tissue damage. One of the most important species of free radicals is reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by various metabolic pathways, including aerobic metabolism in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of various types of cancers. ROS affects different signaling pathways, including growth factors and mitogenic pathways, and controls many cellular processes, including cell proliferation, and thus stimulates the uncontrolled growth of cells which encourages the development of tumors and begins the process of carcinogenesis. Increased oxidative stress caused by reactive species can reduce the body's antioxidant defense against angiogenesis and metastasis in cancer cells. These processes are main factors in the development of cancer. Bimolecular reactions cause free radicals in which create such compounds as malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydroxyguanosine. These substances can be used as indicators of cancer. In this review, free radicals as oxidizing agents, antioxidants as the immune system, and the role of oxidative stress in cancer, particularly breast cancer, have been investigated in the hope that better identification of the factors involved in the occurrence and spread of cancer will improve the identification of treatment goals.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.195-199
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• 2013

Congenital chloride diarrhea (CLD) is a rare inherited autosomal recessive disorder. Mutations of the solute carrier family 26 member 3 gene cause profuse, chloride ion rich diarrhea, which results in hypochloremia, hyponatremia and metabolic alkalosis with dehydration. If a fetal ultrasound shows bowel dilatation suggestive of bowel obstruction, or if a neonate shows persistent diarrhea and metabolic alkalosis, CLD should be considered in the differential diagnosis. The severity of CLD varies, but early detection and early therapy can prevent complications including growth failure. We report a case of dizygotic twins affected by CLD who had been born to non-consanguineous parents. Both of them showed growth failure, but one of the twins experienced worse clinical course. He showed developmental delay, along with dehydration and severe electrolyte imbalance. He was diagnosed with CLD first at 6-month age, and then the other one was also diagnosed with CLD.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.60-69
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• 2004

Many methods have been described for the early intervention of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is lateral and rotational spinal curvature in absence of associated congenital or neurologic abnormalities, the most common type of scoliosis observed in child and young adults, and refers to curves that develop after the age of $10{\sim}18$. The curves of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis have the potential to progress rapidly during growth. Curves are currently universally measured by the Cobb's method and Ferguson method. Some curves do not remain small, these may be mildly or severely progressive and the ribs on the convex side of the curve separate, and those on the concave side ribs approximate so rib undergoes deformation with rib humping. The latter may make angles that can affect vestibular system, balance, sensory, especially cardipulmonary function. Intervention for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is based on the patient's age, the angular value of the curve, the maturity of their skeleton, and the topography. The purpose of intervention for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis consists of knowing how to go to the best approach the correction of the lateral curve and rotational deformity holding the achieved for the remainder of spinal growth, preventing significant cosmetic abnormality, pain and cardiopulmonary complication, control the muscle imbalance and proprioceptive postural disturbances, be less need for radical surgery to avoid early surgery.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.317-322
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• 2010

Prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing significantly worldwide due to energy imbalance perhaps stemming from undesirable dietary behavior and physical activity level. The objective of the study was to examine the effects of physical activity level on nutritional status in elementary school students. The subjects were comprised of 287 elementary school students between 4th and 6th grades in Seoul, Korea. The level of physical activity was scored with a modified Godin leisure-time exercise questionnaire and was categorized as active, moderately active, and sedentary. Dietary intakes were obtained using a 24-hour food recall method. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to test for global significant differences of nutrient intakes by physical activity level. Boys were more active than girls. Daily intakes of energy in moderately active boys were significantly higher than in the sedentary group, but intakes of calcium and iron in moderately active boys were lower than active boys. For girls, physical activity level did not affect nutrient density at all. Intakes of calcium, vitamin C, and folate for both boys and girls were below 50% of recommended intake. Physical activity did not affect nutrient density and our participants were exposed to nutritional imbalance. Therefore, the results suggest that nutrition education regarding balanced diet and optimum physical activity is required for children's health and growth.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.176-190
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• 2011

Today's young generation in digital era has a rich education environment and convenient life, on the other hand, there was negative impact on growth as normal body type because of adverse impact on an excessive study and insufficient exercise, etc. Also, for these people in IT culture generation, using small mobile including computer for long time is becoming main issue as changing factor in posture and body type in terms of spine like their neck disc. This body-typed characteristic reaches to normal adult body type in the process of physical development of adult woman and has least modification in body type. Therefore, despite of early young generation, body suitability of upper body clothes might caused imbalance. So, for intended to early 20s women, to design clothes with consideration on imbalance of body type by bended and curved spine, body type studies about size of upper body and forms are needed. As this researcher measured the body type of early 20s college women in metropolitan area, changes in body type of young generation with use of digital equipment recently were recognized since straight body type was decreased unequally and had characteristic in terms of changes to be bended body type. The changes of these body type should be considered to make clothes. Also, since there are some restrictions on this research objects in terms of local and numbers of measured objects, a broad interpretation of result on this research should be really careful.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.64-69
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• 2022

Commercialization of public technology is the transfer of government-led scientific and technological innovation and R&D results to the private sector, and is recognized as a key achievement driving economic growth. Therefore, in order to activate technology transfer, various machine learning methods are being studied to identify success factors or to match public technology with high commercialization potential and demanding companies. However, public technology commercialization data is in the form of a table and has a problem that machine learning performance is not high because it is in an imbalanced state with a large difference in success-failure ratio. In this paper, we present a method of utilizing CTGAN to resolve imbalances in public technology data in tabular form. In addition, to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a comparative experiment with SMOTE, a statistical approach, was performed using actual public technology commercialization data. In many experimental cases, it was confirmed that CTGAN reliably predicts public technology commercialization success cases.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2010.09a
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• pp.291-291
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• 2010

Emerging global economic growth and increasing demand for energy supply and demand imbalance and the excessive use of fossil fuels existing the rapidly increasing greenhouse gas emissions and resource depletion of global energy crisis is deepening. Accordingly, improvement of living conditions around and through the natural ecological preservation and the need for a comfortable life for the meeting the importance of energy management and consumption are emerging. Many in the field of architecture for energy-saving measures and conducts research and analysis from the early stages to verify the energy performance of BIM (Building Information Model) technology development and commercialization through the building's energy performance to an objective technology forecasts Analysis of the existing building energy performance in waste management also possible that "BIM-based green building process, the possibility of" suggested. In this study, BIM through the analysis of information using the structures for the management of waste, energy and physical data collected by Mapping it can effectively plan resources for recycling were analyzed.