• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.423-433
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• 2019

This study was carried out to identify the problems of the underground watersheds on Jeju Island, and to establish the hydraulic groundwater basin to be used as basis for the analysis of the groundwater model. In order to evaluate the adequacy of the groundwater basin on Jeju Island, a correlation analysis between elevation and groundwater level was conducted using data from 125 observation wells. The analysis, conducted with an elevation step of 100 m, exhibited values of R2 in the range 0.1653-0.8011. No clear correlation was observed between elevation and groundwater level. In particular, the eastern and western areas showed an inverse proportionality between elevation and groundwater level. The Kriging technique was used to analyze the underground water level data and to define the equipotential lines for all areas of Jeju Island. Eight groundwater watersheds were delineated by considering the direction of groundwater flow, the positions of the observation wells, and the long and short axes of the watersheds.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.97-112
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• 2001

지하수의 보전 보호를 위한 정책 중 가장 중요한 것이 지역적으로 지하수 보전구역을 지정하여 관리하는 것이며, 지하수 보전구역은 지하수법(제12조)에 의하여 지하수 보전지구와 개발제한지구로 분류되어 관리하도록 규정되어 있다. 금번연구에서는 GIS(지리정보시스템)을 이용하여 서울시 지하수 분류도를 먼저 작성한 후 가장 수질이 양호한 1급 및 2급 지하수 대창지역(상류의 지하수 함양지역이나 유일 대수층지역 등)을 지하수 보전지구의 우선 대상지역으로 선정하였으며, 지하수분류는 건설교통부(2000)에서 제시한 지하수의 현재 수질상태, 음용수원으로서의 현재 및 장래 이용성, 기초 수리지질특성, 각종 지하수오염유발행위.시설 소재여부 등에 따라 4등급 분류방법을 기본으로 하였다. 작성된 지하수 분류도에서 1차 선정된 서울시 지하수 보전지구 우선 대상지는 약 57,1$\textrm{km}^2$(서울시 전체면적의 약 9.4%)로 나타났으며, 보전지구의 최종 지정을 위해서는 대상지역에 대한 지하수 정밀조사가 필요하다. 또한 지하수 보전지구의 관리방안도 제주도(2000)와 건설교통부(2000)의 지하수 보전관리계획을 참조하여 서울시에 적합한 안이 마련되었다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.463-471
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 갑천 유역의 물순환 분석 시스템 구축 및 효과적인 지하수 관리에 활용하기 위하여 지하수 이용량을 분석하고 그 특성을 파악하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 지하수이용실태조사 자료를 토대로 관정개수와 이용량의 누적밀도에 의해 형성되는 관계를 분석하고, 유역을 대표할 수 있는 총 이용량 및 관정 개소수를 파악하였다. 추출된 관정의 이용량 세부정보들에 따라 이용량의 공간적 분포 특성을 파악하고, 유역별 함양량과 지하수 이용량을 비교함으로써 갑천 유역의 지하수자원 관리의 적정성을 평가하였다. 평가결과에 따르면, 약 25%의 관정이 전 지하수 이용량의 90%를 대표하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 대전 도심지 소유역의 지하수 이용량은 유역 유출 모형에서 평가된 해당 유역의 지하수 함양량보다 1.4배$\sim$11.1배 상회하고 있으며, 주요 하천 유역별로는 대전천 및 유등천이 갑천 유역의 함양량 대비 이용량 비율이 1.9배$\sim$2.3배 높아 이들 지역의 지하수 적정관리가 시급한 실정으로 평가되었다. 본 연구 결과들은 향후 갑천 유역의 지하수 이용량에 따른 지하수 유동 체계, 하천 유출량 그리고 물순환 변화에 대한 분석에 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

The numerical analysis of groundwater flow is indispensable for predicting problems associated with water resource development, civil works, environmental hazards, and nuclear power plant construction. Korea lacks public regulatory procedures and guidelines for groundwater flow modeling, especially in nuclear facility sites, which makes adequate evaluation difficult. Feasible step-by-step guidelines are also unavailable. Consequently, reports on groundwater flow modeling have low-grade quality and often present controversial opinions. Additionally, without public guidelines, maintaining consistency in reviewing reports and enforcing laws is more challenging. In this study, the guidelines for groundwater flow modeling were reviewed for three countries - the United States (Documenting Groundwater Modeling at Sites Contaminated with Radioactive Substances), Canada (Guidelines for Groundwater Modelling to Assess Impacts of Proposed Natural Resource Development Activities), and Australia (Australian Groundwater Modelling Guidelines), with the aim of developing groundwater flow modeling regulatory guidelines that can be applied to nuclear facilities in Korea, in accordance with the Groundwater Act, Environmental Impact Assessment Act, and the Nuclear Safety Act.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2010

Romania aims to adopt and implement the European Union's legislation, also including that for the field of water management. Like other countries, groundwater in Romania is locally polluted from point sources, such as leaking landfills, as well as from diffuse pollution sources, include fertilizers, pesticides and leakages from sewers, in urbanized areas. Diffuse pollution can also occur indirectly, by over-exploitation of groundwater wells, resulting in salt water intrusion, as well as from mining and exploitation of mineral aggregates. Romania has quite an intensive monitoring scheme to measure groundwater quality in phreatic and confined aquifers. The purpose of the work resumed in this paper was to derive natural background levels (NBL) for groundwater in order to distinguish the natural elevated concentrations of some substances (natural phenomena) from point and diffuse pollution (anthropogenic phenomena). Based on these NBLs, threshold values (TV) for groundwater will be set according to the requirements of the European Water Framework Directive and the related Groundwater Directive. This paper describes the results of a study for the derivation of NBL and TV in a pilot Groundwater Body. Also, the process and draft results for extrapolating this work for all Romanian groundwater bodies is explained, as well as points for future consideration with respect to monitoring and management.

• Korean Journal of Hydrosciences
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• 제3권
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• pp.11-29
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• 1992

Recently, rapid industrialization, urbanization and higher living standards accelerate to increase groundwater consumption resulting in continuously dropping groundwater elevations. To maintain enough groundwater volume without dropping groundwater elevations, the proper groundwater rechatge is necessary. The groundwater rechatge can be classified into two categories which are natural rechatge and artiticial rechatge. Even though the natural rechatge through by dired infiltration from the rainfall is desirable, the artificial groundwater rechatge is necessaty when the increment of groundwater consumption exceeds natural recharge rate. Well method and scattering method are utilized as artificial rechatging method, a severe disadvantage, which is the reduction of the void of soil surface, is indicated in the well method. Recently, the underground piping method, which is a scattering method, is receiving increasing attention as a proper recharging method. The method is indirectly to supply water to the underground using an underground piping system. Therefore, the void of soil surface is not severely reduced and better infiltration rate can be achieved. In this paper, the artificial groundwater rechatge using underground piping method is investigated through experiments and numerical analysis. The influence of the groundwater by underground piping method is evaluated through comparing recharging heights. Good agreements between experiments and numerical analysis are obtained and the artificial groundwater recharge by underground piping method is well tested and verified.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1157-1169
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• 2019

We used numerical models to reliably analyze the groundwater flow and hydraulic conductivity on Jeju Island. To increase reliability, improvements were made to model application factors such as hydraulic watershed classification, groundwater recharge calculation by precipitation, hydraulic conduction calculation using the pilot point method, and expansion of the observed groundwater level. Analysis of groundwater flow showed that the model-calculated water level was similar to the observed value. However, the Seogwi and West Jeju watersheds showed large differences in groundwater level. These areas need to be analyzed by segmenting the distribution of the hydraulic conductivity. Analyzing the groundwater flow in a sub watershed showed that groundwater flow was similar to values from equipotential lines; therefore, the reliability of the analysis results could be improved. Estimation of hydraulic conductivity distribution according to the results of the groundwater flow simulation for all areas of Jeju Island showed hydraulic conductivity > 100 m/d in the coastal area and 1 - 45 m/d in the upstream area. Notably, hydraulic conductivity was 500 m/d or above in the lowlands of the eastern area, and it was relatively high in some northern and southern areas. Such characteristics were found to be related to distribution of the equipotential lines and type of groundwater occurrence.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.115-128
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• 2006

본 연구의 목적은 GIS를 이용하여 공간자료 분석을 통한 포항지역의 지하수 개발적지 선정 및 검증을 하는 것이다 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 물수지, 토지이용, 임상도, 토양분포, 지형고도, 경사, 수문지질 및 선구조 등을 분석하였다. 그리고 이러한 분석 자료 및 GIS 공간분석기법을 이용하여 지하수 산출성 표본자료와 상관 분석하여 수문지질 특성평가를 실시하여 수문지질특성에 따른 지하수 산출 특성을 도출하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로, 포항시의 지하수 개발 적지 선정을 위한 지하수 잠재 가능성도를 작성하였고, 이를 지하수 산출량 자료와 비교 검증을 하였다. 검증 결과 지하수 개발 적지 분석 결과와 지하수 산출량 자료와의 관련성이 높게 나타났다. 이러한 지하수 개발 적지 선정 결과는 지하수 개발에 관련된 관리에 사용될 수 있다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2012

Groundwater is our invaluable asset because it takes action in the case of climates changes like drought or floods. But the Korean government has formulated water-resource policies mostly focused on surface water. As a result, the groundwater that will be more important resource in the future has been treated carelessly, caused neglect of maintenance and resulted many abandoned wells. This poor management of groundwater is because of lack of organization on our asset, manpower, unclearness of managing body, shoddy construction and lack of supervision. In order to solve this problem, we need a special agency of groundwater that contribute people's awareness by promotion importance of groundwater, dissemination of technical education and professionals. To do that, we have to establish a specific groundwater management plan based on regional characteristics of watersheds and specialized institution need to promote responsible development and usage in groundwater.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.186-195
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• 2021

In Korea, groundwater quality is monitored through National Groundwater Quality Monitoring Network (NGQMN) administered by Ministry of Environment. For a given contaminant, compliance to groundwater quality standards is assessed on a annual basis by monitoring the number of incidents that concentration exceeds the regulatory limit. However, this approach provides only a fractional information about groundwater quality degradation, and more crucial information such as location and severity of the contamination cannot be obtained. For better groundwater quality management on a watershed, a more spatially informative and intuitive method is required. This study presents two statistical methods to convert point-wise monitoring data into information on groundwater quality status of a watershed by using a proposed grading scale. The proposed grading system is based on readily available reference standards that classify the water quality into 4 grades. The methods were evaluated with NO₃^-, Cl^-, and total coliform data in Geum River basin. The analyses revealed that groundwater in most watersheds of Geum River basin is good for domestic or/and drinking with no treatment. But, there was notable quality degradation in Bunam seawall and So-oak downstream standard watersheds contaminated by NO₃^- and Cl^-, respectively.