• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.703-714
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• 2010

In this study, we analyzed the impact of orographic and thermal forcing on the atmospheric flow field over the urban metropolitan areas on urban artificial buildings and future development plan. Several numerical experiments have been undertaken in order to clarify the impacts of the future development plan on urban area by analyzing practical urban ground conditions, we revealed that there were large differences in the meteorological differences in each case. The prognostic meteorological fields over complex areas of Seoul, Korea are generated by the PSU/NCAR mesoscale model(MM5). we carried out a comparative examination on the meteorological fields of topography and land-use that had building information and future development plan. A higher wind speed at daytimes tends to be forecasted when using new topography and land use data that have a high resolution with an appropriate limitation to the mixing height and the nocturnal boundary layer(NCB). During nighttime periods, since radiation cooling development is stronger after development plan, the decreased wind speed is often generated.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.13-24
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• 2019

The history of tall buildings begins in 1853with the development of elevators. After the Industrial Revolution of the 18th century, the development of high-rise buildings will be carried out in earnest as a means to efficiently use the limited land of cities. The development, which began around Chicago, extended over a long period of time to Asia, maximizing the high competition. However, in the 2000s, not only was it high due to the development of construction and digital technology, but it also became competitive in eco-friendly elements and unstructured forms. High-rise building plans that have gained elemental and morphological diversity are completed by the interrelationships of various plans. Among them, it is important that the core plan has a reasonable approach from the initial planning stage as the basis for the vertical copper plan linking vertically-intensive functions. The cores should be designed to be clear and adequately responsive to changes in the shape of the building. This study aims to provide designers with a reasonable understanding of core planning by identifying core characteristics of irregular high-rise. In particular, we want to analyze the shape of the ground layer core and the relationship between the area and components of the ground layer core. The analysis results are as follows, classified according to the type or use of the building. Of the atypical forms composed of double bending, the TAPER-Curve and TWIST forms are the most distributed, and the plane and core shapes of the ground floor are the most commonly used. Based on the analysis of the validity of the ground floor cores by shape of the cores, the most commonly used forms for core shapes in the planning of the atypical high-rise are square, circular and Oval, and the most efficient oval cores and relatively inefficient ones when planned.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1827-1831
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• 1969

Resulties of research on the capacity of ground water of 994 concrete-pipe-wells and 97 infiltration-gallerys in ground-water-developement-works region executed from March to Julyin 1969, in Choong Chung Nam Do, and research on the quality of ground water for 88 wells for home-use around of River Geum Area, are as fellows: (1) Thickness of aquifer is no more than 2.85m averagely even at river-overflowed plain, alluvial plain and valley plain area that are estimated to contain ground water mostly. And so, it is guessed that ground water capacity is not much especially. (2) Soil of aquifer of the above area is sand or gravel and it is estimated to be good for ground water developement and its mean permeability coefficient is bout $2.5{\times}10^{-3}$(m/sec), and its porosity is about 33.9%. (3) The quality of ground water is good for irrigation water exception of delta plain area. Warm water plan is to need for irrigation water when water temperature is less than 19 degrees below zero. (4) Prospect of ground water developement, judging from quality and quantity, expects to lay infiltration gallery under the ground at river bed in order to utilize under-flow-water of river bed, river-overflowed plain, alluvial plain and valley plain that ground level is less than 50m. (5) Collectable water volume of under-flow-water of river bed is about 450 to $750m^3/day$ to be able to irrigate 3ha to 5ha of the cultivated land in case that infiltration gallery length is 50m and its depth is about 5m. (6) Collectable water volume at river-overflowed plain, alluvial plain and valley plain area, is estimated $150m^3/day$ to be able to irrigated 1ha of the cultivated land.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.173-183
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• 2023

The barren ground phenomenon in Korea began to occur and spread in the southern coast region and in Jeju Island in the 1980s, and since the 1990s, the damage has become serious in the east coast region as well. Korea has enacted the fisheries resource management act to manage such barren ground through the installation of sea forests among projects for the creation of fishery resources. Until now, projects related to the identification of the cause of barren ground have focused on the density of crustose coralline algae, sea urchins and seaweed, so the original cause of barren ground has not yet been identified. In order to manage barren ground, it is necessary to identify the cause of barren ground. To identify these causes, it is necessary to comprehensively consider i) studies on spatial characteristics such as rock mass distribution, slope and water depth, ii) studies on ecological and oceanographic characteristics such as water temperature, salinity, El Niño, and typhoons etc, iii) studies on organisms such as crustose coralline algae, macroalgae, and sea urchins, and iv) studies on coastal use such as living and industrial sewage inflow. Next, as with regard to legislative policy proposals , it is necessary to prepare self-management measures by the government, local governments, and fishermen as well as address management problems related to the use of sea forests by fishermen after their creation . In addition, when creating a sea forest, a management model for each resource management plan is required, and evaluation indicators and indexes that can diagnose the cause of barren ground and guidelines for barren ground measures should be developed.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.625-635
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• 2020

Suspension bridges have the extended in plan configuration which makes them prone to dynamic events like earthquake. The longer span lead to more flexibility and slender of them. So, control systems seem to be essential in order to protect them against ground motion excitation. Tuned mass damper or in brief TMD is a passive control system that its efficiency is practically proven. Moreover, its parameters i.e. mass ratio, tuning frequency and damping ratio can be optimized in a manner providing the best performance. Meta-heuristic optimization algorithm is a powerful tool to gain this aim. In this study, TMD parameters are optimized in different-length suspension bridges in three distinct cases including 3, 4 and 5 TMDs by observer-teacher-learner based algorithm under a complete set of ground motions formed from both near-field and far-field instances. The Vincent Thomas, Tacoma Narrows and Golden Gate suspension bridges are selected for case studies as short, mean and long span ones, respectively. The results indicate that All cases of used TMDs result in response reduction and case 4TMD can be more suitable for bridges in near and far-field conditions.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.234-242
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• 2010

In order to make an effective use of spatial resources in the city, detailed environmental plan strategies based on 'culture' are needed. An integral part of city spaces-'underground space' serves as one of the spatial resources with much effective usage potentials. Hence, 'underground space' needs cultural vitality. The purpose of this study is to propose an thorough indoor environmental plan guideline for the cultural vitality of 'underground space'. The methods used to conduct research include precedent study reviews and survey. Through this research, following conclusions are drawn. First, to promote cultural vitality at the 'underground space', it must be transformed into the cultural public place to be utilized for cultural activities by residents. Second, the 'underground space' requires 'concept of eco-friendly space for clean environment'. Third, 'safe environment' concept must be installed in the 'underground space' to promote the cultural vitality. Fourth, the 'underground space' requires 'complex/block level network plans between cultural spaces in addition to horizontal/vertical walking network between cultural environments in ground level and underground spaces. Fifth, the 'underground space' requires underground public cultural space plan through 'reasonable underground development with considerations of the facilities related to education, culture and history'. Sixth, 'public cultural space plan for various cultural spaces' and 'supply of space for cultural activities for residents and design plan for mutual culture exchange' are necessary.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.590-599
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• 2018

As a basic information to implement the fire plan that dominates multiple targets effectively under the battle environment with limited resources, such a process is mandatory that gives a priority order to a target with the high level of threat by quantitatively computing the threat level of an individual target through the analysis on the target. However, the study has still remained in the initial level on an evaluation algorithm for the threat level of the ground target. Considering this fact, the present paper proposes the evaluation algorithm for the threat by multiple ground targets. The proposed algorithm has a core point to consider the type of target and protected asset to implement the computation of proximity; set the additional value based on the weights indicating the significance of weapon and protected asset; and compute the threat level of a target that considers the characteristics of the target. The evaluation and verification of performances have been implemented through the simulation and visualization of an algorithm proposed in the present paper. From the performance result, as the proposed algorithm has been able to perform effectively the threat assessment according to the weights indicating the significance of weapons and protected assets under diverse environments where weapons and protected assets are located, high utility and effect are expected when applied to an actual ground weapon system.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.489-500
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• 2011

The elastic seismic response of plan-asymmetric multi storey steel-frame buildings is investigated under earthquake loading with particular emphasis on forward-rupture directivity and fling records. Three asymmetric building systems are generated with different torsional stiffness and varying static eccentricity. The structural characteristic of these systems are designed according to UBC 97 code and their seismic responses subjected to a set of earthquake records are obtained from the response history analysis (RHA) as well as the linear static analysis (LSA). It is shown that, the elastic torsional response is influenced by the intensity of near-fault ground motions with different energy contents. In the extreme case of very strong earthquakes, the behaviour of torsionally stiff buildings and torsionally flexible buildings may differ substantially due to the fact that the displacement envelope of the deck depends on ground motion characteristics.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.09a
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• pp.17-19
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• 2004

Recently, we have recognized that ‘Soil Environmental Prevention Act’could not provide perfect solutions on many complicated problems which are now emerging and/or can be solved by adopting comprehensive policies. In this study, some suggestions were made to solve a few tangled problems such as conducting the Land Partnership Plan(LPP) project, investigating soil and ground water contamination of the industrial area, building a integrated information system for soil and ground water, establishing detailed guidelines for remediation and verification, and re-constructing the legal and institutional framework for integrated management of soil and ground water. These suggestions may help policy makers to build conceptual frameworks for solving these problems.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.7
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• pp.1141-1149
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• 2008

Most faults are single-phase-to-ground fault in ungrounded system. The fault currents of single-phase-to-ground are much smaller than detection thresholds of measurement devices, so detecting single-phase-to-ground faults is difficult and important in ungrounded system. This paper proposed to a FI(Fault Indicator) generation algorithm in ungrounded system. The algorithm just using line-to-line voltage and zero-sequence current detects fault line, fault phase, fault section and FI(Fault Indicator) at terminal device, This paper also proposed to application plan for this algorithm. In the case study, the proposed algorithm has been testified in demo system by Matlab/Simulink simulations.