• 한국조경학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.65-78
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• 1996

To study the temperature mitigation effects from urban green, several arrangements of green spaces were selected and air/ground temperatures were measured in Chongju city area. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; 1. It was found that the natural ground materials effect more affirmatively on the air and ground temperature than artificial ones do. The best results were recorded from the grass surface presenting highest mitigation effect and lowest daily temperature deviation. 2. Temperature mitigation effects of Tree-Shade on ground are different from season, ground material, and crown-size. Them most effects were found in interlocking block, the least in grass surface among recorded 2 seasons and 3 materials. In case of air temperature, the effects were more or less decreased in most cases. 3. From the survey, it was confirmed that the smaller urban greens can do its role of temperature mitigation as larger ones does. In case of this study, the effect was recorded about 2.3$^{\circ}C$.

• 생태와환경
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.271-278
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• 2016

Forest clear-cutting operations influence biodiversity through habitat changes and food resource availability for inhabitant species. This study examined the effects of clear-cutting on forest arthropod communities. Arthropods were collected from two different forest treatment areas (clear-cut and control) in summer and autumn. In each treatment area, arthropods were sampled from both crown and ground surfaces using sweeping and pitfall trap methods, respectively. Then, the taxonomic order of the collected arthropod specimens was easily identified. Results indicate that arthropod abundance and number of taxa present were higher at ground surface than at crown levels in both clear-cut and control areas. At crown level, more homopteran species were present in clear-cut areas than in control areas in summer. At ground surface, populations of Isopoda and Opiliones were higher in control areas than in clear-cut areas, whereas numbers of Araneae, Orthoptera, and Hymenoptera were greater in clear-cut areas. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis showed distinct differences between clear-cut and control communities at crown level in summer and at ground surface in autumn. Thus, our results indicate that clear-cutting significantly influences arthropod communities, and higher taxa are valuable for conducting rapid biological assessments of ecosystem disturbances.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2015

노후된 하수관의 누수로 인해 발달된 지하공동은 지표침하를 발생시키고 그로 인한 포장재의 취성파괴를 유발시킨다. 이러한 도심지 지반함몰 현상은 최근 5년간 그 빈도수가 꾸준히 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 도심지 지표면은 대부분 아스팔트 또는 콘크리트로 포장이 되어 있어 지하공동의 발생에 따른 지반침하 또는 함몰을 예측하기 어려운 실정이다. 따라서 이 연구는 파손된 하수관의 누수로 인해 발생되는 지하공동의 진행에 따른 지표침하량, 지표면의 영향범위 등 지반거동 및 하수관의 침하를 유한요소해석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 또한 침하 또는 함몰이 발생된 지반을 보강하기 위한 보강재로 가소성유동화토를 사용하였을 때의 보강효과를 수치해석 프로그램을 이용하여 비교 분석하였으며 강도정수 산정을 위해 가소성유동화토의 직접전단시험을 수행하였다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.170-185
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• 1994

Surface subsidence is one of the problems caused by mined out caverns. Depending on the geologic conditions and mining methods, subsidence can occur in various forms. This report describes the ground stability assessment for the mining induced subsidence area where unfilled caverns still exist abandoned. Geologic features which could affect the stability of the ground were investigated and all the possible geophysical methods were employed to obtain data that could explain the state of the ground in question. Basic rock tests were conducted from the drill cores and rock mass classification was performed by core logging and borehole camera investigation. Numerical analyses were carried out to predict the ground stability using data obtained by various investigations. The result could have been more reliable if in-situ stress were measure and reflected in the numerical analysis.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.201-217
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• 2024

This study aims to develop a new model to obtain the minimum area in circular isolated footings with eccentric column taking into account that the surface in contact with the ground works partially in compression, i.e., a part of the contact area of the footing is subject to compression and the other there is no pressure (pressure zero). The new model is formulated from a mathematical approach based on a minimum area, and it is developed by integration to obtain the axial load "P", moment around the X axis "M_x" and moment around the Y axis "M_y" in function of σ_max (available allowable soil pressure) R (radius of the circular footing), α (angle of inclination where the resultant moment appears), y₀ (distance from the center of the footing to the neutral axis measured on the axis where the resultant moment appears). The normal practice in structural engineering is to use the trial and error procedure to obtain the radius and area of the circular footing, and other engineers determine the radius and area of circular footing under biaxial bending supported on elastic soils, but considering a concentric column and the contact area with the ground works completely in compression. Three numerical problems are given to determine the lowest area for circular footings under biaxial bending. Example 1: Column concentric. Example 2: Column eccentric in the direction of the X axis to 1.50 m. Example 3: Column eccentric in the direction of the X axis to 1.50 m and in the direction of the Y axis to 1.50 m. The new model shows a great saving compared to the current model of 44.27% in Example 1, 50.90% in Example 2, 65.04% in Example 3. In this way, the new minimum area model for circular footings will be of great help to engineers when the column is located on the center or edge of the footing.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2007

We suggest a multi-path propagation analysis method using DTM(Digital Terrain Map). Generally, the total signal strength at a target is calculated by adding the field propagated in free space and the field reflected from the ground surface. In this paper, we also consider the vertical reflections associated with the vertical surfaces such as precipitous cliffs and electricity pylons in the mountain area. In addition, we primarily take account the main slope of the ground surface to improve the accuracy of the total field density at the target.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.983-988
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• 2011

This paper presents a robust method for ground plane detection in vision-based applications based on a monocular sequence of images with a non-stationary camera. The proposed method, which is based on the reliable estimation of the homography between two frames taken from the sequence, aims at designing a practical system to detect road surface from traffic scenes. The homography is computed using a feature matching approach, which often gives rise to inaccurate matches or undesirable matches from out of the ground plane. Hence, the proposed homography estimation minimizes the effects from erroneous feature matching by the evaluation of the difference between the predicted and the observed matrices. The method is successfully demonstrated for the detection of road surface performed on experiments to fill an information void area taken place from geometric transformation applied to captured images by an in-vehicle camera system.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 세계 도시지반공학 심포지엄
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• pp.584-590
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• 2009

One of the critical design problems involved in deep tunnelling in brittle rock, is the creation of surface spalling damage and breakouts. If weak fault zone is developed in deep tunnel, squeezing problem is added to the problems. According to the results of ground investigation in the study area, hard granitic rockmass and distinguished high angle fault zone are distributed on the tunnel level over 400m depth. To analyse the probability of brittle failure and squeezing, ground characterization with special lab. and field test were carried out. By the results, probability of brittle failures like spalling and rock burst is very low. But squeezing may be probable, if weak fault zone observed surface and drill core is extended to designed tunnel level.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.19-32
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• 2002

본 연구는 무주군 적상산 부근에 위치하는 소유역에서 지표수의 수질과 인접한 천층지하수 수질사이의 관계 및 지질매체와 오염원의 유입에 의한 계절적인 변동을 규명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 8월과 10월 두 차례의 조사결과 이곳 지표수와 지하수 수질은 Ca-$HCO_3$유형이 주를 이루고 있었으며 인근 광산부근에서는 중금속에 의한 오염이 나타나고 있었다. 10월 조사시에 인가가 밀집한 지역에서는 질산성 질소의 의한 오염 또한 높게 나타나는 특징을 보이고 있다. 이러한 자료를 토대로 군집분석(Cluster Analysis)과 주성분 분석(Principal Component Analysis)을 실시하였으며, 군집분석결과 지표수는 5개의 그룹으로 구분되었고 지하수는 3개의 그룹으로 구분되었다. 주성분분석 결과는 군집분석 시에 나타난 결과를 효과적으로 지지하고 있으며 (1)지질매체의 수리지화학적 반응, (2)오염물질의 유입 (3) 인근광산에 의한 중금속 오염이 복합적으로 반응하여 나타난 결과로 해석된다.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.141-144
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• 2002

1년 시차를 두고 획득한 3차원 탄성파 자료를 분석한 결과 매질의 탄성파 속도 변화를 관찰할 수 있었다. 이 1년 기간 중에 연구지역 내에 있는 철로 지반에 대한 지반보강 공사가 실시되었다. 두 탄성파 자료중합 단면으로부터 첫번째 반사면의 시간을 비교한 결과 연구지역의 상당 부분에서 매질의 속도가 감소된 것을 관찰할 수 있었으나 철로지반 부근에서는 속도감소를 인지할 수 없었다.