• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
• /
• v.13 no.3 s.40
• /
• pp.47-51
• /
• 2006

Recently, CMP (Chemical Mechanical Polishing) is one of very important processing in semiconductor technology because of large integration and application of design role. CMP is a planarization process of wafer surface using the chemical and mechanical reactions. One of the most important components of the CMP system is the polishing pad. During the CMP process, the pad itself becomes smoother and glazing. Therefore it is necessary to have a pad conditioning process to refresh the pad surface, to remove slurry debris and to supply the fresh slurry on the surface. A conditioning disk is used during the pad conditioning. There are diamonds on the surface of diamond disk to remove slurry debris and to polish pad surface slightly, so density, shape and size of diamond are very important factors. In this study, we characterized diamond disk with 9 kinds of sample.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.39-44
• /
• 2014

The patellar clunk syndrome is one of the patellofemoral complication, caused by formation of the fibrous nodule at the suprapatellar region after total knee arthroplasty. The symptom involves painful catching, crepitus and clunk during knee extension. It has been mainly but not exclusively associated with the posterior stabilized total knee system. The fibrous nodule is entrapped in the femoral intercondylar notch of the femoral component during flexion and as the knee is extended, it displaces back to the trochlear groove abruptly and the typical symptoms occur. The risk of developing this complication is primarily related to the design of the femoral component and higher incidence was noted with earlier designs of posterior stabilized knee prosthesis. Modifications have been made to the femoral component to optimize the kinematics of the patellofemoral joint and thereby reduced the incidence of patellar clunk syndrome but did not eliminate the problem completely. Clinical examination is the gold standard of diagnosis and imaging study has been used as a possible adjunct to diagnosis. Especially ultrasonography is an imaging modality, which can be easily performed to detect the fibrous nodule on the quadriceps tendon. We report a case of patellar clunk syndrome which was diagnosed with ultrasonography.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.231-239
• /
• 2013

Purpose: To design and fabricate the auto pattern maker for the development. Methods: we got the necessary data, needed in design, by using CAD. Based on the these data, we fabricated the trial product for the development of the auto pattern maker. Results: The auto pattern maker were composed with combinations of many elements; pattern making assembly, control panel, frame attachment and prober unit. The pattern making assembly was comprised of the cutter, the pattern holder, pattern remover and silence cover which could minimize the sound during the cutting process. The control panel was designed to be connected and operated with the main printed circuit board. The prober could get the eye shape data by scanning of 1.8 degrees around the groove of the frame through the encoding data according to the address. After starting, scanning was carried out in two passes, i.e. one right-handed and one left-handed. Communication connector could send the eye shape data from auto pattern maker to outer system with the RS232C transmission system. By using the one-way analysis of variance, we got the error rate of cut pattern size for ${\Phi}22mm$, ${\Phi}55mm$ and ${\Phi}62mm$. Because F-value was 0.510 and p-value was 0.601, no statistically significant differences were found. Also, the mean cutting error of the auto pattern maker was 0.0274 mm. Conclusions: we could succeed in making the trial product by applying it to the development of the auto pattern maker. The role of this auto pattern maker is to find a exact required size of lens to fit the frame by measuring the frame. The acquired data are transferred to outer system for grinding and finishing with patternless process. Also, the trial product can produce pattern to fit the frame. Therefore, it was confidently expected that the optometrists could handily produce pattern to fit the frame with this trial product and dispense the ophthalmic lens because of its efficiency and convenience compared to the past.